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The Review of International Organizations

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25.05.2017

Who matters for memory: Sources of institutional memory in international organization crisis management

verfasst von: Heidi Hardt

Erschienen in: The Review of International Organizations | Ausgabe 3/2018

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Abstract

Scholarship on organizational learning has explored how international organizations (IOs) reform but has paid little attention to the origins of institutional memory. For IOs engaged in crisis management operations, acquiring knowledge about strategic errors is necessary for adopting reforms that could save lives. This study seeks to identify the sources that affect whether or not IO elites will contribute knowledge to an IO’s institutional memory in crisis management. The study employs a survey experiment in the field on 120 NATO elites who decide on and plan operations. Findings indicate that when the United States introduces knowledge of a strategic error, NATO elites are significantly less likely to share it. This deterrent effect on knowledge-sharing illustrates an unexpected way in which the US influences international crisis management. The study also finds that an IO’s secretariat can somewhat increase elites’ likelihood of contributing to the IO’s institutional memory.

Vorheriger Artikel Intellectual property provisions and support for US trade agreements

Nächster Artikel C. Randall Henning. 2017. Tangled Governance: International Regime Complexity, the Troika, and the Euro Crisis (New York: Oxford University Press)

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Subsequent research on institutional memory in IOs appears in the author’s forthcoming book, Lessons in Failure: Institutional Memory in International Organization Crisis Management (Oxford University Press).

Author interview with NATO military elite, Mons, Belgium, April 6, 2015.

See also Smith, Europe’s common security and defense policy: Capacity-building, Experiential Learning and Institutional Change, forthcoming.

I registered this study in December 2014 with the Institutional Review Board (IRB) – my university’s human subject ethics committee. The IRB registration constitutes pre-registration of the experiment.

See also Smith, Europe’s common security and defense policy: Capacity-building, Experiential Learning and Institutional Change, forthcoming.

Author interview with IS elite, Brussels, Belgium, February 9, 2015.

See Online Resource for further discussion of the term ‘strategic error’.

I initially included a fourth hypothesis concerning the international media as a source. Upon further reflection, I concluded that there was only limited theoretical support (and consequently no empirical support) for this hypothesis to include it here. I discuss this dropped hypothesis and present results from it in the Online Resource.

The percentage of those staff holding indefinite contracts is gradually decreasing as they retire and incoming staff are instead granted three-year contracts.

I thank an Anonymous reviewer for this point.

I used power analysis to identify a sample size (n = 30 per group) necessary to detect a substantively meaningful difference between the treatment and control groups at a 0.10 significance level, using a one-tailed test of difference in means, and holding the power of the test constant at 0.51. I considered a difference to be substantively meaningful if there was a difference between the control and treatment group of at least 0.34. (This number corresponds to a difference along a 0–1 scale – converted from the original 5-point scale.) As a limitation, I acknowledge that since the sample size is small, I may not be able to detect effects below 0.34.

Of the 120 elites, 18 were unable to meet in person due to scheduling conflicts and instead participated by emailing their survey responses.

Of the 120 subjects in this study, 30 subjects received an IS treatment, 30 received a US treatment, 30 received an international media treatment and 30 received a placebo.

Author interview with an IMS elite, June 16, 2015.

Author interview with an Assistant Secretary General to NATO, March 13, 2015.

Author Interview with a Permanent Representative to NATO, March 11, 2015.

I thank an Anonymous Reviewer for this suggestion.

See Online Resource for comparisons with individual regression models.

Author interview with an IS elite, Brussels, Belgium, April 2, 2015.

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Titel: Who matters for memory: Sources of institutional memory in international organization crisis management
verfasst von: Heidi Hardt
Publikationsdatum: 25.05.2017
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: The Review of International Organizations / Ausgabe 3/2018
Print ISSN: 1559-7431
Elektronische ISSN: 1559-744X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11558-017-9281-4

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