Pollution Control in Oil, Gas and Chemical Plants

verfasst von: Alireza Bahadori

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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Über dieses Buch

This book covers the fundamental requirements for air, soil and water pollution control in oil and gas refineries, chemical plants, oil terminals, petrochemical plants, and related facilities. In this concise volume, Dr. Bahadori elucidates design and operational considerations relevant to critical systems such as the waste water treatment units, solid waste disposal, and waste water sewer treatment as well as engineering/technological methods related to soil and air pollutions control. Engineers and technical managers in a range of industries will benefit from detail on a diverse list of topics.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Air Pollution Control

Abstract

Petroleum and chemical processes are responsible for many emissions both into the air. Most relevant emissions into the air are nitrous oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), carbon monoxide (CO), methane, and volatile organic compounds (VOC).The major cause of all air pollution is combustion. When perfect or theoretical combustion occurs, hydrogen and carbon in the fuel combine with oxygen from the air to produce heat, light, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. Impurities in the fuel, poor fuel-to-air ratio, or too high or too low combustion temperatures cause the formation of such side products as carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, fly ash, and unburned hydrocarbons. In this chapter, methods of reducing air pollution and means to decrease the pollution of the environment are discussed.

Alireza Bahadori

Chapter 2. Water Pollution Control

Abstract

When deleterious waste materials from the oil, gas, and chemical plants are discharged into streams or other bodies of water, they become pollutants. This chapter is intended to cover the safety and environmental control aspects as the minimum requirements for water pollution control in oil, gas, and chemical processing industries and production plants. The scope is accomplished under following titles: (1) Refinery Water Pollution Standard and Control; (2) Petrochemical Industry Water Pollution Sources, Standard and Control; (3) Organic Chemical Manufacturing; (4) Monitoring.

Alireza Bahadori

Chapter 3. Soil Pollution Control

Abstract

When petroleum and chemical wastes are released on soil surface, hydrocarbons adsorb onto the organic mineral matter of the soil. Therefore, soil pollution with oil and chemical components has become an important problem of our days. The chemical and petroleum materials are released into soil environment by various ways such as pipeline blow-out. When the spill occurs, some kind of soil cleanup is typically necessary. The focus of this chapter is on long-term strategies for cleaning up petroleum and chemical products in unsaturated or saturated zones.

Alireza Bahadori

Chapter 4. Noise Pollution Control

Abstract

In simple terms, noise is unwanted sound. Noise can disturb human’s work, rest, sleep and communication, and it can damage hearing. Indeed, the most important issue is industrial noise problem and a need for noise control and hearing conservation programs. This chapter provides guidelines comprising: (a) Brief explanation of the principle and essential standards for noise emitted by machineries and equipment. (b) Brief explanation of the principle underlying standards for noise in workplace areas, and noise control procedures in plants/complexes, offices, conference rooms, etc. (c) Brief explanation of the principle for vibration control.

Alireza Bahadori

Backmatter

Titel: Pollution Control in Oil, Gas and Chemical Plants
verfasst von: Alireza Bahadori
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-01234-6
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-01233-9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01234-6

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