Top

Published in:

2022 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Trace Elements in Aluminium Smelting Carbon Dust and Their Extraction

Authors : Andrey Yasinskiy, Aleksandr Shimanskii, Vladimir Losev, Olga Buyko, Yakov Kazantsev, Nataliya Simonova

Published in: Light Metals 2022

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Gallium and germanium are practically important trace elements used in various high-tech areas as photovoltaics, electronic equipment, semiconductor gamma-ray detectors, infrared equipment, etc. New secondary raw materials for their extraction are a subject of a thorough search. In this study, new evidence of the presence of germanium and gallium in the wastes from the Hall–Héroult process was demonstrated and comprehensively discussed, and a method of their extraction was proposed. The concentration of gallium in the carbon dust reaches 0.02% and the concentration of germanium is below the detection limit. After the treatment of carbon dust, the concentration of trace elements is drastically increased. The carbon concentrate being a product of carbon dust treatment can be combusted to accumulate gallium in the ash while germanium distributes between the ash and the sublimates from the concentrate combustion due to the volatility of monoxide GeO. The concentration of gallium in the ash reaches 0.5 wt.% and the concentration of germanium highly depends upon the combustion temperature and the partial pressure of oxygen. The results of trace elements extraction in the acidic and basic environment are shown.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

previous chapter Direct Production of Aluminum Titanium Alloys in Aluminum Reduction Cells: A Laboratory Test

next chapter Developing and Implementing an Efficient Forced Cooling Network at Aluminerie Alouette

Jassim A. Jabri NA, Rabbaa SA, Mofor EG, Jamal J (2019) Innovative Anode Coating Technology to Reduce Anode Carbon Consumption in Aluminum Electrolysis Cells. Light Metals 2019. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer:745–752. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05864-7_91.

Mikhalev YG, Polyakov PV, Yasinskiy AS, Polyakov AA (2018) Spikes generation on anode of aluminum reduction cell. Tsvetnye Metally 9:43–48. https://doi.org/10.17580/tsm.2018.09.06.

Bugnion L, Fischer J-C (2016) Effect of Carbon Dust on the Electrical Resistivity of Cryolite Bath. Light Metals 2016. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer:587–591. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48251-4_99.

Welch BJ (2020) The Development of Anode Shape, Size and Assembly Designs – Past, Present and Future Needs. Light Metals 2020. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer:1151–1160. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36408-3_155.

Xie M, Lv H, Lu T, Zhao H, Li R, Liu F (2020) Characteristic Analysis of Hazardous Waste from Aluminum Reduction Industry. Light Metals 2020. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer:1261–1266. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36408-3_173.

Polyakov P, Yasinskiy A, Polyakov A, Zavadyak A, Mikhalev Y, Puzanov I (2019) Anode Overvoltages on the Industrial Carbon Blocks. Light Metals 2019. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer:811–816. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05864-7_99.

Shimanskii A, Yasinskiy A, Yakimov I, Losev V, Buyko O, Malyshkin A, Kazantsev Y (2021) Aluminum Smelting Carbon Dust as a Potential Raw Material for Gallium and Germanium Extraction. JOM 73(4):1103–1109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-021-04563-8.CrossRef

Xiong Y, Cui X, Zhang M, Wang Y, Lou Z, Shan W (2020) Microwave hydrothermal synthesis of gallotannin/carbon nanotube composites for the recovery of gallium ion. Applied Surface Science 510:145414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.145414.

Song Y, Kawamura F, Taniguchi T, Shimamura K, Ohashi N (2020) High-Quality GaN Crystal Growth Using Flux-Film-Coated LPE with Na Flux. Crystal Research and Technology 55(8):2000042. https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.202000042.

10.

Luque A and Hegedus S (2003) Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, 1st edn. Chichester: Wiley:403–423. https://doi.org/10.1002/0470014008

11.

Claeys CL, Simoen E (2007) Germanium-Based Technologies: from Materials to Devices. Amsterdam, Elsevier B.V., 2007:11–19.

12.

Maarefvand M, Sheibani S, Rashchi F (2020) Recovery of gallium from waste LEDs by oxidation and subsequent leaching. Hydrometallurgy 191:105230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.105230.

13.

Fang Z, Gesser HD (1996) Recovery of gallium from coal fly ash. Hydrometallurgy 41(2–3):187–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-386x(95)00055-l.CrossRef

14.

Zhao Z, Yang Y, Xiao Y, Fan Y (2012) Recovery of gallium from Bayer liquor: A review. Hydrometallurgy 125–126:115–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2012.06.002.CrossRef

15.

Liu F, Liu Z, Li Y, Liu Z, Li Q, Zeng L (2016) Extraction of gallium and germanium from zinc refinery residues by pressure acid leaching. Hydrometallurgy 164:313–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.06.006.CrossRef

16.

Kinoshita T, Ishigaki Y, Shibata N, Yamaguchi K, Akita S, Kitagawa S, Kondou H, Nii S (2011) Selective recovery of gallium with continuous counter-current foam separation and its application to leaching solution of zinc refinery residues. Separation and Purification Technology 78(2):181–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2011.01.044.CrossRef

17.

Torralvo FA, Fernández-Pereira C (2011) Recovery of germanium from real fly ash leachates by ion-exchange extraction. Minerals Engineering 24(1):35–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2010.09.004.

18.

George MW (2005) Germanium. Mineral Commodity Summaries 2005. Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior:70–71.

19.

Arroyo F, Font O, Chimenos JM, Fernández-Pereira C, Querol X, Coca P (2014) IGCC fly ash valorisation. Optimisation of Ge and Ga recovery for an industrial application. Fuel Processing Technology 124:222–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.03.004.CrossRef

Title: Trace Elements in Aluminium Smelting Carbon Dust and Their Extraction
Authors: Andrey Yasinskiy
Aleksandr Shimanskii
Vladimir Losev
Olga Buyko
Yakov Kazantsev
Nataliya Simonova
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Light Metals 2022
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-92528-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-92529-1

Copyright Year: 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92529-1_56

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Premium Partners