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Erschienen in:
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2015 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Watershed Sediment Dynamics and Modeling: A Watershed Modeling System for Yellow River

verfasst von : Guangqian Wang, PhD, Xudong Fu, PhD, Haiyun Shi, PhD, Tiejian Li, PhD

Erschienen in: Advances in Water Resources Engineering

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Soil erosion is the root cause of environmental and ecological degradation in the Loess Plateau of the Yellow River. Watershed sediment dynamics was fully analyzed here, and a physically based, distributed, and continuous erosion model at the watershed scale, named the Digital Yellow River Integrated Model (DYRIM), was developed. The framework, the key supporting techniques, and the formulation for natural processes were described. The physical processes of sediment yield and transport in the Loess Plateau are divided into three subprocesses, including the water yield and soil erosion on hillslopes, gravitational erosion in gullies, and hyperconcentrated flow routing in channels. For each subprocess, a physically based simulation model was developed and embedded into the whole model system. The model system was applied to simulate the sediment yield and transport in several typical years in different watersheds of the Yellow River, and the simulation results indicated that this model system is capable of simulating the physical processes of sediment yield and transport in a large-scale watershed.

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Nächstes Kapitel Integrated Simulation of Interactive Surface-Water and Groundwater Systems
Glossar
Binary tree
In computer science, a binary tree is a tree data structure in which each node has at the most two children (referred to as the left child and the right child).
Channel
A passage along which the water flows.
Database
An organized collection of data.
Drainage network
A network of channels and drains constructed on marshy or excessively wet land.
Erosion
The process by which the soil and rock are removed from the Earth’s surface by exogenic processes such as wind or water flow, and then transported and deposited in other locations.
Geographic information system
A system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical data.
Gravitational erosion
A type of degradation resulting from the earth’s downward pull.
Gully
A long, narrow valley with steep sides.
Hillslope
The sloping side of a hill.
Hydrological station
An agency that observes and studies the hydrologic conditions of bodies of water and territories.
Hyperconcentrated flow
A two-phase flowing mixture of water and sediment in a channel, which has properties intermediate between fluvial flow and debris flow.
Leaf area index
A dimensionless quantity that characterizes plant canopies.
Meteorological station
A facility, either on land or sea, with instruments and equipment for measuring atmospheric conditions to provide information for weather forecasts and to study the weather and climate.
Parallel computing
A form of computation in which many calculations are carried out simultaneously, operating on the principle that large problems can often be divided into smaller ones, which are then solved concurrently.
Potential evaporation
The amount of evaporation that would occur if a sufficient water source was available.
Precipitation
The water that falls from the clouds towards the ground, especially as rain or snow.
Remote Sensing
The acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object and thus in contrast to in situ observation.
Sediment transport
The movement of solid particles (sediment), typically due to a combination of gravity acting on the sediment, and/or the movement of the fluid in which the sediment is entrained.
Watershed
The area of land where all of the water that is under it or drains off of it goes into the same place; Land area that drains to a common waterway, such as a stream, lake, estuary, wetland, or ultimately the ocean.
Watershed decomposition
The process by which the watershed is broken down into smaller sub-watersheds.
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Metadaten
Titel
Watershed Sediment Dynamics and Modeling: A Watershed Modeling System for Yellow River
verfasst von
Guangqian Wang, PhD
Xudong Fu, PhD
Haiyun Shi, PhD
Tiejian Li, PhD
Copyright-Jahr
2015
Buch
Advances in Water Resources Engineering

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-11022-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-11023-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2015

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11023-3_1