Retraction Note to: Appl Intell (2014) 41:887–896

http://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-014-0574-5

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1] because validity of the content of this article cannot be verified. This article showed evidence of substantial text overlap (most notably with the articles cited [2, 3]) and authorship manipulation. The authors have not responded to correspondence about this retraction.