ABSTRACT
This paper presents the combined results of two studies that investigated how a robot should best approach and place itself relative to a seated human subject. Two live Human Robot Interaction (HRI) trials were performed involving a robot fetching an object that the human had requested, using different approach directions. Results of the trials indicated that most subjects disliked a frontal approach, except for a small minority of females, and most subjects preferred to be approached from either the left or right side, with a small overall preference for a right approach by the robot. Handedness and occupation were not related to these preferences. We discuss the results of the user studies in the context of developing a path planning system for a mobile robot.
- Althaus, P., Ishiguro, H., Kanda, T., Miyashita, T. and Christensen, H.I., Navigation for Human-Robot Interaction Tasks. in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics & Automation, (New Orleans, USA, 2004).Google Scholar
- Bicci, A. and Tonietti, G. Fast and soft arm tactics: Dealing with the safety-performance trade-off in robot arms design and control. IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine, 11 (2), 12--21.Google Scholar
- Clodic, A., Montreuil, V., Alami, R. and Chatila, R., A decisional framework for autonomous robots. in Proc. 14th IEEE Int. Workshop on Robot & Human Communication (RO-MAN), (Nashville, USA, 2005), 543--548.Google Scholar
- Dario, P., Guglieimelli, E. and Laschi, C. Humanoids and personal robots: Design and experiments. Journal of Robotic Systems, 18 (12), 673--690.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Dautenhahn, K., Ogden, B. and Quick, T. From embodied to socially embedded agents - Implications for interaction-aware robots. Cognitive Systems Research, 3 (3), 397--428. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Dautenhahn, K., Woods, S., Kaouri, C., Walters, M., Koay, K.L. and Werry, I., What is a robot companion - Friend, assistant or butler? in Proc. IEEE IROS, (Edmonton, Canada, 2005), 1488--1493.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Fong, T., Nourbakhsh, I. and Dautenhahn, K. A survey of socially interactive robots. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 42, 143--166.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Hinds, P., Roberts, T. and Jones, L. Whose job is it anyway? A study of human-robot interaction in a collaborative task. Human Computer Interaction, 19, 151--181.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kanda, T., Hirano, T., Eaton, D. and Ishiguro, H. Interactive robots as social partners and peer tutors for children: A field trial. Human Computer Interaction, 19 (1-2), 61--24.Google Scholar
- Kulic, D. and Croft, E., Safe Planning for Human-Robot Interaction. in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf on Robotics & Automation, (New Orleans, USA, 2004).Google Scholar
- Kulic, D. and Croft, E., Strategies for safety in human-robot interaction. in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Advanced Robotics, (2003), 810--815.Google Scholar
- Latombe, J.C. Robot motion planning. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, USA, 1991. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Pacchierotti, E., Christensen, H.I. and Jensfelt, P., Human-robot embodied interaction in hallway settings: A pilot user study. in Proc. 14th IEEE Int. Workshop on Robot & Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN), (Nashville, USA, 2005), 164--171.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Pease A. and Pease B. The definitive book of body language. London. Orion Books Ltd, 2004.Google Scholar
- Sengers, P., Do the right thing: An architecture for action expression. in Proc. Second Int. Conf. on Autonomous Agents, (1998), 24--31. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Severinson-Eklundh, K., Green, A. and Hüttenrauch, H. Social and collaborative aspects of interaction with a service robot. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 42. 223--234.Google Scholar
- Te Boekhorst, R., Walters, M.L., Koay, K.L., Dautenhahn, K. and Nehaniv, C. A study of a single robot interacting with groups of children in a rotation game scenario. In Proc. of IEEE CIRA 2005, (Finland, 2005).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Walters, M., Woods, S., Koay, K.L. and Dautenhahn, K., Practical and methodological challenges in designing and conducting interaction studies with human subjects. In Proc. of AISB'05, (University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK, 2005), 110--119.Google Scholar
- Walters, M.L, Dautenhahn, K., Te Boekhorst, R., Koay, K.L, Kaouri, C, Woods, S, Nehaniv, C, Lee D. and Werry, I. The influence of subjects' personality traits on personal spatial zones in a human-robot interaction experiment.in Proc. 14th IEEE Int. Workshop on Robot & Human Communication (RO-MAN), (Nashville, USA, 2005), 347--352.Google Scholar
- Walters M. L, Dautenhahn K, Koay K. L, Kaouri C, te Boekhorst R, Nehaniv C. L, Werry I and Lee D. Close encounters: Spatial distances between people and a robot of mechanistic appearance. Proc. IEEE-RAS Humanoids 2005, December 5-7, 2005, Tsukuba, Japan., 450--455.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Zim, M., Khatib, B., Roth, B. and Salisbury, J.K. Playing it safe (human friendly robots). IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine, 11 (2), 12--21.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- How may I serve you?: a robot companion approaching a seated person in a helping context
Recommendations
Robotic etiquette: results from user studies involving a fetch and carry task
HRI '07: Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interactionThis paper presents results, outcomes and conclusions from a series of Human Robot Interaction (HRI) trials which investigated how a robot should approach a human in a fetch and carry task. Two pilot trials were carried out, aiding the development of a ...
Hello Pepper, May I Tickle You?: Children's and Adults' Responses to an Entertainment Robot at a Shopping Mall
HRI '17: Proceedings of the Companion of the 2017 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot InteractionWe took a social robot Pepper to a shopping mall for one day to see what kind of initial responses it draws from people. We observed that the robot was quickly surrounded by children when there were others-especially adults-interacting with it. The ...
When stereotypes meet robots: The double-edge sword of robot gender and personality in human-robot interaction
With the emerging application of social and psychological concepts to human-robot interaction, we investigated the effects of occupational roles (security vs. healthcare), gender (male vs. female), and personality (extrovert vs. introvert) on user ...
Comments