Abstract
In recent years, there has been a surge in the number of available rapid prototyping tools, making it easier than ever to create functioning prototypes with minimal technical background and at a low cost. However, most of these tools do not have the flexibility to allow for immediate physical modifications once a prototype has been built or programmed, and are often limited in movement by the size or range of the wired system. Accordingly, simple paper remains one of the most pervasive creative platforms in the world due to its low cost, light weight, freedom of physical spatial manipulation, disposability, and low interaction overhead.
In this article we introduce “Animated Paper,” a new wireless prototyping platform which combines paper, shape memory alloy (SMA), retro-reflective material, and copper foil. This platform makes it possible to create moving toys out of ordinary print paper with minimal modification to the physical composition of the paper itself, facilitating simple trial-and-error modifications. We also introduce a laser control system which allows for precise, wireless motion control of the SMA-enhanced paper by tracking retro-reflective markers on the paper using a laser and photo sensor. Lastly, we present the results of a preliminary user study to demonstrate the usability of our prototype system and also provide possibilities for how to further develop our wirelessly controlled, moving paper platform.
- Arduino. 2005. www.arduino.ccGoogle Scholar
- Cassinelli, A., Perrin, S., and Ishikawa, M. 2005. Smart laser-scanner for 3D human-machine interface. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '05), 1138--1139. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Coelho, M., Hall, L., Berzowksa, J., and Maes, P. 2009. Pulp-based computing: A framework for building computers out of paper. In Extended Abstracts of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '09, ACM, New York. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Coelho, M., Ishii, H., and Maes, P. 2008. Surflex: A programmable surface for the design of tangible interfaces. In Extended Abstracts of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '08). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Cook, D. J. and Bailey, B. P. 2005. Designers use of paper and the implications for informal tools. In Proceedings of the 19th Conference on the Computer-Human Interaction Special Interest Group (CHISIG) of Australia on Computer-Human Interaction. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kim, J. 2006. Possibility of cellulose electro-active papers as smart material. In Proc. SPIE 6168, 61680K.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Mitani, J. and Suzuki, H. 2004. Making papercraft toys from meshes using strip-based approximate unfolding. ACM Trans. Graph. 23, 3 (Aug.). doi:10.1145/1015706.1015711. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Pepakura Designer. 2003. Abnet Corp. http://www.e-cardmodel.com/pepakura-en/Google Scholar
- Qi, J. and Buechley, L. 2010. Electronic popables: Exploring paper-based computing through an interactive pop-up book. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction, (TEI '10), ACM, New York, 121--128. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Reas, C. and Fry, B. 2003. Processing: A learning environment for creating interactive web graphics. In Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH 2003). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Saul, G., Xu, C., and Gross, M. D. 2010. Interactive paper devices: end-user design and fabrication. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction (TEI '10), ACM, New York. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Shinoda, H., Makino, Y., Yamahira, N., and Itai, H. 2007. Surface. Sensor network using inductive signal transmission layer. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Networked Sensing Systems (INSS '07), 201--206.Google Scholar
- Smela, E. 2003. Conjugated polymer actuators for biomedical applications. Advanced Material 15, 481--494.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Wallace, G. G., Mazzoldi, A., De Rossi, D., Rinzler, A. G., Jaschinski, O., Roth, S., and Kertesz, M. 1999. Carbon banotube actuators. Science 284, 1340.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Yoshino, T., Kondo, M., Mamiya, J., Kinoshita, M., Yu, Y., and Ikeda, T. 2010. Three-dimensional photomobility of crosslinked azobenzene liquid-crystalline polymer fibers, Advanced Material 22, 1361--1363.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Yun, S., Jang, S.-D., Yun, G.-Y., Kim, J.-H., and Kim, J. 2009. Paper transistor made with covalently bonded multiwalled carbon nanotube and cellulose, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 10 (Sept.).Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- Animated paper: A toolkit for building moving toys
Recommendations
Animated paper: a moving prototyping platform
UIST '10: Adjunct proceedings of the 23nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technologyWe have developed a novel prototyping method that utilizes animated paper, a versatile platform created from paper and shape memory alloy (SMA), which is easy to control using a range of different energy sources from sunlight to lasers. We have further ...
Flexkit: a rapid prototyping platform for flexible displays
UIST '13 Adjunct: Adjunct Proceedings of the 26th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and TechnologyCommercially available development platforms for flexible displays are not designed for rapid prototyping. To create a deformable interface, one that uses a functional flexible display, designers must be familiar with embedded hardware systems and ...
Comments