skip to main content
10.1145/1995966.1995997acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PageshtConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Social capital increases efficiency of collaboration among Wikipedia editors

Published:06 June 2011Publication History

ABSTRACT

In this study we measure the impact of pre-existing social capital on the efficiency of collaboration among Wikipedia editors. To construct a social network among Wikipedians we look to mutual interaction on the user talk pages of Wikipedia editors. As our data set, we analyze the communication networks associated with 3085 featured articles - the articles of highest quality in the English Wikipedia, comparing it to the networks of 80154 articles of lower quality. As the metric to assess the quality of collaboration, we measure the time of quality promotion from when an article is started until it is promoted to featured article. The study finds that the higher pre-existing social capital of editors working on an article is, the faster the articles they work on reach higher quality status, such as featured articles. The more cohesive and more centralized the collaboration network, and the more network members were already collaborating before starting to work together on an article, the faster the article they work on will be promoted or featured.

References

  1. Aberdour, M. "Achieving Quality in Open Source Software," IEEE Software, January-February 2007. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  2. Adler, B. T., and Alfaro L. de. "A content-driven reputation system for the Wikipedia." Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on the World Wide Web, 2007, pp. 261--270. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  3. Ahuja, M. K. Carley, K.M. "Network Structure in Virtual Organizations," Organization Science. 1999 (10:6). (pp. 741--757) Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  4. Anthony, D., Smith, S. W., and Williamson, T. "Explaining Quality in Internet Collective Goods: Zealots and Good Samaritans in the Case of Wikipedia," Working Paper, Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, November 2005.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  5. Aral, S., Brynjolfsson, E. Van Alstyne, M. W., Information, Technology and Information Worker Productivity: Task Level Evidence (June 2007). NBER Working Paper Series, Vol. w13172, pp. -, 2007. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=993403Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  6. Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2007. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  7. Bourdieu, P. The forms of capital. In J. Richardson (Ed.) Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education (New York, Greenwood), 241--258. 1986.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  8. Chi, E.H., Kittur, N., Pendleton, B., and Suh, B. "Long Tail of user participation in Wikipedia," http://asc-parc.blogspot.com/2007/05/long-tail-and-power-law-graphs-of-user.html, 2007.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  9. Cox, D. R. "Regression Models and Life Tables". Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B 34 (2): 187--220. 1972Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  10. Crandall, D. Cosley, D. Huttenlocher, D. Kleinberg, J. Suri, S. Feedback Effects between Similarity and Social Influence in Online Communities. ACM KDD'08, August 24--27, 2008, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. Crowston, K., and Scozzi, B. "Coordination practices for bug fixing within FLOSS development teams." Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Computer Supported Activity Coordination (CSAC), 2004, Portugal.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. Cummings, J. N. Cross, R. "Structural properties of work groups and their consequences for performance." Social Networks, (25:3), 2003, pp.197--210.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  13. Gloor, P. Swarm Creativity: Competitive Advantage Through Collaborative Innovation Networks. Oxford University Press, New York, 2005.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  14. Howe, J. "The Rise of Crowdsourcing," Wired (14:06), June 2006.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  15. Kidane, Y., and Gloor, P. "Correlating temporal communication patterns of the Eclipse open source community with performance and creativity." Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory. (13:1) 17 - 27, 2007. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  16. Kittur, A., and Kraut, R. E. "Harnessing the Wisdom of Crowds in Wikipedia: Quality Through Coordination." In Proceedings of the ACM 2008 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work CSCW '08. New York: ACM Press, 2008. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  17. Krackhardt, D. Hanson, J.R., "Informal Networks: The Company Behind the Chart," Harvard Business Review, July-August 1993.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  18. Lakhani, K. R., and von Hippel, E. "How open source software works: "Free" user-to-user assistance." Research Policy, (32:6), 2003, pp. 923--943.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  19. Lam, S. T. Riedl, J. Is Wikipedia growing a longer tail?. In Proceedings of the ACM 2009 international conference on Supporting group work (GROUP '09). ACM, 2009. pp. 105--114. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  20. Liu, J. Ram, S. "Who Does What: Collaboration Patterns in the Wikipedia and Their Impact on Data Quality" (December 8, 2009). 19th Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems, pp. 175--180, December 2009. Available at SSRN http://ssrn.com/abstract=1565682. Published in Proceedings of 19th Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems, Phoenix, December 2009, pp. 175--180.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  21. Malone, T. Laubacher, R. Dellarocas, C. "The Collective Intelligence Genome." Sloan Management Review (51:3) Spring, 2010.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  22. Porter, K.A. Bunker Whittington, K.C. Powell, W.W. "The institutional embeddedness of high-tech regions: Relational foundations of the Boston biotechnology community". S. Breschi & F. Malerba (Eds.), Clusters, Networks, and Innovation. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2005.(pp. 261--296)Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  23. Priedhorsky, R. Chen, J. K. Lam, S. K. Panciera, K. Terveen, L. Riedl, J. Creating, Destroying, and Restoring Value in Wikipedia. ACM GROUP'07, November 4--7, 2007, Sanibel Island, Florida, USA. 2007. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  24. Putnam, R.D. Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital, Journal of Democracy - Volume 6, Number 1, January 1995, pp. 65--78.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  25. Steinfield, C. DiMicco, J. Ellison, N. Lampe, C. Bowling online: social networking and social capital within the organization. In Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Communities and technologies (C&T '09). ACM, 2009, pp. 245--254 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  26. Suh, B. Chi, E. H. Pendleton, B. A. Kittur, A. "Us vs. Them: Understanding Social Dynamics in Wikipedia with Revert Graph Visualizations." In 2007 IEEE Symposium on Visual Analytics Science and Technology Sacramento: IEEE, 2007. (pp. 163--170) Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  27. Tarjan, E.R. "Depth first search and linear graph algorithms," SIAM J. Computing (1:2) 1972 (pp.146--160)Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  28. Uzzi, B. Spiro, J. "Collaboration and Creativity: The Small World Problem." American Journal of Sociology. (111:2), September 2005, pp. 447--504.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  29. Van Der Gaag, M. Tom A.B. Snijders, T.B.A. The Resource Generator: social capital quantification with concrete items. Social Networks 27, 2005. 1--29.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  30. von Hippel, E. "Innovation by User Communities: Learning From Open-Source Software," Sloan Management Review, July 2001.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  31. WikiProject Council/Guide/WikiProject: Assessment, 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide/WikiProject#Assessments_in_practice.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  32. Wilkinson, D, and Huberman, B. "Cooperation and Quality in Wikipedia," WikiSym'07, October 21--23, 2007, Montreal, Canada Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  33. Worldbank. Measuring Social Capital. http://go.worldbank.org/A77F30UIX0 (retrieved Jan 16, 2011)Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  34. Wasserman, S. and Faust, K. Social Network Analysis, Cambridge University Press, 1994.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  35. Watts, D.J., and S.H. Strogatz, 1998: Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks. Nature, 393, 440--4.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref

Index Terms

  1. Social capital increases efficiency of collaboration among Wikipedia editors

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Login options

      Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

      Sign in
      • Published in

        cover image ACM Conferences
        HT '11: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia
        June 2011
        348 pages
        ISBN:9781450302562
        DOI:10.1145/1995966
        • General Chair:
        • Paul De Bra,
        • Program Chair:
        • Kaj Grønbæk

        Copyright © 2011 ACM

        Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

        Publisher

        Association for Computing Machinery

        New York, NY, United States

        Publication History

        • Published: 6 June 2011

        Permissions

        Request permissions about this article.

        Request Permissions

        Check for updates

        Qualifiers

        • research-article

        Acceptance Rates

        Overall Acceptance Rate378of1,158submissions,33%

        Upcoming Conference

        HT '24
        35th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media
        September 10 - 13, 2024
        Poznan , Poland

      PDF Format

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader