Jérémie Melchior
Jean Vanderdonckt
ABSTRACT
This paper describes a model-based approach for designing Distributed User Interfaces (DUIs), i.e., graphical user interfaces that are distributed along the following dimensions: end user, display device, computing platform, and physical environment. The three pillars of this model-based approach are: (i) a Concrete User Interface model for DUIs incorporating the distribution dimensions and expressing any DUI element in a XML-compliant format until the granularity of an individual DUI element is reached, (ii) a specification language for DUI distribution primitives that have been defined in a user interface toolkit, and (iii), a step wise method for modeling a DUI based on the concepts of a distribution graph expressing a distribution scenario that can be played, based on the distribution primitives. A distribution graph consists of a state-transition diagram whose states represent significant DUI distribution states and whose transitions are labeled by an Event-Condition-Action (ECA) representation. The actions involved in this format call any distribution primitive belonging to the DUI toolkit. This model-based approach is exemplified on two simple DUIs: one DUI for the Pictionary game and another one for the Minesweeper game. They are then incorporated into a larger composed DUI game of the goose where cells could trigger the other two games.
- Avrahami, G., Brooks, K.P., and Brown, M.H. A Two-View Approach to Constructing User Interfaces, ACM Computer Graphics 23, 3 (July 1989), pp. 137--146. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Ayatsuka, Y., Matsushita, N., and Rekimoto, J. HyperPalette: a hybrid computing environment for small computing devices. In: Proc. of CHI'00 (The Hague, April 1-6, 2000). ACM Press, New York (2000), pp. 133--134. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bandelloni, R. and Paternò, F. Migratory user interfaces able to adapt to various interaction platforms. Int. Journal of Human-Computer Studies 60, 5-6 (2004), pp. 621--639.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Beale, R. and Edmondson, W. Multiple carets, multiple screens and multi-tasking: new behaviours with multiple computers. In: Proc. of HCI'07 (Lancaster, September 3-7, 2007). British Computer Society, Swinton (2007), pp. 55--64. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Berglund, E. and Bång, M. Requirements for distributed user interface in ubiquitous computing network. In: Proc. of ACM Conf. on Mobile and Ubiquitous MultiMedia MUM'02 (Oulu, December 11-13, 2002). ACM Press, New York (2002).Google Scholar
- Bharat, K. A. and Cardelli, L. Migratory applications. In: Proc. of UIST'95 (Pittsburgh, November 15-17, 1995). ACM Press, New York, 1995, pp. 132--142. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Biehl, J. T., Baker, W. T., Bailey, B. P., Tan, D. S., Inkpen, K. M., and Czerwinski, M. IMPROMPTU: a new interaction framework for supporting collaboration in multiple display environments and its field evaluation for co-located software development. In: Proc. of CHI'08 (Florence, April 5-10, 2008). ACM Press, New York (2008), pp. 939--948. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Chung, G. and Dewan, P. Towards dynamic collaboration architectures. In: Proc. of CSCW'04 (Chicago, November 6-10, 2004). ACM Press, New York (2004), pp. 1--10. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Coutaz, J. Meta-User Interfaces for Ambient Spaces. In: Proc. of TAMODIA'2006 (Hasselt, October 23-24, 2006). LNCS, Vol. 4385. Springer, Berlin (2006), pp. 1--15. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Delivery Context Ontology (DCO), W3C, Geneva, 2010. http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-dcontology-20090616/.Google Scholar
- Demeure, A., Sottet, J.S., Calvary, G., Coutaz, J., Ganneau, V., and Vanderdonckt, J. The 4C Reference Model for Dis-tributed User Interfaces. In: Proc. of ICAS'2008 (Gosier, March 16-21, 2008), IEEE Comp. Soc., (2008), pp. 61--69. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Dewan, P. and Shen, H. Controlling access in multiuser interfaces. ACM Trans. Comp.-Hum. Interact. 5, 1 (1998), 34--62. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Distributed Programming in Mozart-A Tutorial Introduction, chapter 3: Basic Operations and Examples, accessible at http://www.mozart-oz.org/documentation/dstutorial/node3. html#chapter.examples. Visited on Nov. 21st, 2010.Google Scholar
- Econometric Modeling & Computing Corporation (EMCC). 2010. Accessible at: http://www.speakeasy.co.Google Scholar
- Eisenstein, J., Vanderdonckt, J., and Puerta, A. Applying model-based techniques to the development of UIs for mobile computers. In: Proc. of IUI'01 (Santa Fe, January 14-17, 2001). ACM Press, New York (2001), pp. 69--76. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Grolaux, D., Van Roy, P., and Vanderdonckt, J. Migratable User Interfaces: Beyond Migratory User Interfaces. In: Proc. of 1st IEEE-ACM Annual Int. Conf. on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Networking and Services MOBIQUITOUS'04 (Cambridge, August 22-26, 2004). ACM Press (2004), pp. 422--430.Google Scholar
- Grolaux, D., Vanderdonckt, J., and Van Roy, P. Attach me, Detach me, Assemble me like You Work. In: Proc. of INTER-ACT'05 (Rome, September 12-16, 2005). LNCS, Vol. 3585, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (2005), pp. 198--212. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Grudin, J. Partitioning digital worlds: focal and peripheral awareness in multiple monitor use. In: Proc. of the ACM Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems CHI'01 (Seattle, 2001). ACM Press, New York (2001), pp. 458--465. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Han, R., Perret, V., and Naghshineh, M. WebSplitter: a uni-fied XML framework for multi-device collaborative Web browsing. In: Proc. of CSCW'00 (Philadelphia, December 2-6, 2000). ACM Press, New York (2000), pp. 221--230. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hutchings, D. R., Smith, G., Meyers, B., Czerwinski, M., and Robertson, G. Display space usage and window management operation comparisons between single monitor and multiple monitor users. In: Proc. of AVI'04 (Gallipoli, May 25-28, 2004). ACM Press, New York (2004), pp. 32--39. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hutchings, H.M. and Pierce, J. S. Understanding the whethers, hows, and whys of divisible interfaces. In: Proc. of the Working Conf. on Advanced Visual Interfaces AVI'06 (Venezia, May 23-26, 2006). ACM Press, New Y. (2006), pp. 274--277. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 2Loeser, C., Mueller, W., Berger, F., and Eikerling, H.J. Peer-to-Peer Networks for Virtual Home Environments. In: Proc. of HICSS'03 (Big Island, January 6-9, 2003). IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2003), p. 282. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lorenz, A. Research directions for the application of MVC in ambient computing environments. In: Proc. of the 1st Int. Workshop on Pattern-Driven Engineering of interactive Computing Systems PEICS'10 (Berlin, July 20, 2010). ACM Press, New York (2010), pp. 28--31. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Luyten, K. and Coninx, K. Distributed User Interface Ele-ments to support Smart Interaction Spaces. In: Proc. of the 7th IEEE Int. Symposium on Multimedia ISM'2005 (December 12--14, 2005). IEEE Computer Society (2005), pp. 277--286. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Luyten, K., Vandervelpen, C., and Coninx, K. Migratable User Interface Descriptions in Component-Based Development. In: Proc. of DSV-IS'2002 (Rostock, June 12-14, 2002). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 2545. Springer-Verlag, London (2002), pp. 44--58. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Luyten, K., Van den Bergh, J., Vandervelpen, Ch., and Co-ninx, K. Designing distributed user interfaces for ambient intelligent environments using models and simulations. Computers & Graphics 30, 5 (2006), pp. 702--713.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Melchior, J., Grolaux, D., Vanderdonckt, J., and Van Roy, P. A toolkit for peer-to-peer distributed user interfaces: concepts, implementation, and applications. In: Proc. of the 1st ACM Symposium on Engineering interactive Computing Systems EICS'09 (Pittsburgh, July 15-17, 2009). ACM, pp. 69--78. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Molina, J.P., Vanderdonckt, J., González, P., Fernández-Caballero, A., and Lozano, M.D. Rapid Prototyping of Dis-tributed User Interfaces. In: Proc. of CADUI'2006 (Bucharest, 6-8 June 2006). Springer-Verlag, Berlin (2006), pp. 151--166.Google Scholar
- Myers, B. A. 2001. Using handhelds and PCs together. Commun. ACM 44, 11 (November 2001), pp. 34--41. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Newman, M. W., Izadi, S., Edwards, W. K., Sedivy, J. Z., and Smith, T.F. User interfaces when and where they are needed: an infrastructure for recombinant computing. In: Proc. of the 15th ACM Symposium on User interface Software and Technology UIST'02 (Paris, October 27-30, 2002). ACM Press, New York (2002), pp. 171--180. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Qiu, X. F. and Graham, T.N. Flexible and efficient platform modeling for distributed interactive systems. In: Proc. of the 1st ACM Symposium on Engineering interactive Computing Systems EICS'09 (Pittsburgh, July 15-17, 2009). ACM Press, New York (2009), pp. 29--34. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sjölund, M., Larsson, A., and Berglund, E. Smartphone Views: Building Multi-Device Distributed User Interfaces In: Proc. of MobileHCI'2004 (Glasgow, 13-16 September 2004). LNCS, Vol. 3160. Springer, Berlin (2004), pp. 507--511.Google Scholar
- Tan, D.S. and Czerwinski, M. Effects of Visual Separation and Physical Discontinuities when Distributing Information across Multiple Displays. In: Proc. of INTERACT'03 (Zurich, September 1-5, 2003). IOS Press (2003), pp. 252--260.Google Scholar
- Tan, D.S., Myers, B. and Czerwinski, M. 2004 WinCuts: Manipulating Arbitrary Window Regions for More Effective User of Screen Space. In: Proc. of CHI'2004 (Vienna, April 24-29, 2004). ACM Press, New York (2004), pp. 1525--1528. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Vanderdonckt, J. Distributed User Interfaces: How to Distribute User Interface Elements across Users, Platforms, and Environments. In: Proc. of XIth Congreso Internacional de Interacción Persona-Ordenador Interacción'2010 (Valencia, 7-10 September 2010). AIPO, Valencia, 2010, pp. 3--14.Google Scholar
- Vandervelpen, Ch., Vanderhulst, G., Luyten, K., and Coninx, K. 2005. Light-Weight Distributed Web Interfaces: Preparing the Web for Heterogeneous Environments. In: Proc. of the 5th Int. Conf. on Web Engineering ICWE'2005 (Sydney, July 27-29, 2005). Springer, Berlin (2005), pp. 197--202. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Van Roy, P. and Haridi, S. Concepts, Techniques, and Models of Computer Programming. MIT Press, 2004. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Xiaojun, B. and Balakrishnan, R. Comparing usage of a large high-resolution display to single or dual desktop displays for daily work. In: Proc. of the 27th Int. Conf. on Human factors in Computing Systems CHI'09 (Boston, April 4-9, 2009). ACM Press, New York (2004), pp. 1005--1014. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Yanagida, T. and Nonaka, H. 2008. Architecture for Migratory Adaptive User Interfaces. In: Proc. of the 8th IEEE Int. Conf. on Computer and Information Technology CIT'2008 (Sidney, July 8--11, 2008). IEEE (2008), pp. 450--455.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- A model-based approach for distributed user interfaces
Recommendations
A toolkit for peer-to-peer distributed user interfaces: concepts, implementation, and applications
EICS '09: Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systemsIn this paper we present a software toolkit for deploying peer-to-peer distributed graphical user interfaces across four dimensions: multiple displays, multiple platforms, multiple operating systems, and multiple users, either independently or ...
A reference model for distributed user interfaces
TAMODIA '05: Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on Task models and diagramsThis paper proposes a reference model for classifying about different types of Distributed User Interfaces (DUIs) so that one could reason about their types: mouldable, distributable, and migratable UIs. The reference model explicitly captures concepts ...
The 4C Reference Model for Distributed User Interfaces
ICAS '08: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous SystemsDistributed User Interfaces (DUIs) are those interfaces whose different parts can be distributed in time and space on different monitors, screens, and computing platforms, depending on several parameters expressing the context of use, such as the user, ...
Comments