skip to main content
10.1145/2494621.2494624acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagescacConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Autonomic performance-per-watt management (APM) of cloud resources and services

Published:09 August 2013Publication History

ABSTRACT

With the rapid growth of data centers and clouds, the power cost and power consumption of their computing and storage resources become critically important to be managed efficiently. Several research studies have shown that data servers typically operate at a low utilization of 10% to 15%, while their power consumption is close to those at peak loads. With this significant fluctuation in the workloads, an elastic delivery of computing services with an efficient power provisioning mechanism becomes an important design goal. Live workload migrations and virtualization are important techniques to optimize power and performance in large-scale data centers [5], [25] This paper presents an application specific autonomic adaptive power and performance management system that utilizes AppFlow-based reasoning to configure dynamically datacenter resources and workload allocations. This system will continuously monitor the workload to determine the current operating point of both workloads and the virtual machines (VMs) running these workloads and then predict the next operating points for these VMs. This enables the system to allocate the appropriate amount of hardware resources that can run efficiently the VM workloads with minimum power consumption. We have experimented with and evaluated our approach to manage the VMs running RUBiS bidding application. Our experimental results showed that our approach can reduce the VMs' power consumption up to 84% compared to static resource allocation and up to 30% compared to other methods with minimum performance degradation.

References

  1. Liu, H., Xu, C. Z., Jin, H., Gong, J., and Liao, X. 2011. Performance and energy modeling for live migration of virtual machines. In Proceedings of the 20th international symposium on High performance distributed computing (HPDC'11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 171--182. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  2. Khargharia, B., Luo, H., Al-Nashif, Y., and Hariri, S. 2010. AppFlow-based Autonomic Performance-per-Watt Management of Large-Scale Data Centers. The 2010 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom-2010), Hangzhou, China, December 2010. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  3. Brill, K. G. 2007. The Invisible Crisis in the Data Center: The Economic Meltdown of Moore's Law. White paper by the Uptime InstituteGoogle ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. Likhachev, M., Arkin. R. C. 2011. Spatio-Temporal Case-Based Reasoning for Behavioral Selection, Proceedings 2001 ICRA. IEEE International Conference on, vol.2, no., pp.1627, 1634 vol.2, 2001Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  5. Beloglazov, A. and Buyya, R. 2010. Energy efficient allocation of virtual machines in cloud data centers. 10th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGrid), IEEE, 2010, pp. 577--578. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  6. Chan, H., Connell, J., Isci, C., Kephart, J. O., Lenchner, J., Mansley, C., and McIntosh, S. 2011. A robot as mobile sensor and agent in data center energy management. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on Autonomic computing (ICAC '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 165--166. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  7. Zhang, H., Yoshihira, K., Su, Y.-Y., Jiang, G., Chen, M., and Wang, X. 2011. iPOEM: A GPS tool for integrated management in virtualized data centers. Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Conference on Autonomic Computing, ICAC'11 and Co-located Workshops, pp. 41--50. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  8. Kotera, I., Abe, K., Egawa, R., Takizawa, H., and Kobayashi H. 2011. Power-aware dynamic cache partitioning for cmps, Transactions on HiPEAC III, LNCS 6590, pp. 135--153, 2011 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  9. Wang, X. and Wang, Y. 2011. Coordinating Power Control and Performance Management for Virtualized Server Clusters. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol.22, no.2, pp.245, 259, Feb. 2011 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  10. Bohrer, P., Elnozahy, E. N., Keller, T., Kistler, M., Lefurgy, C., McDowell, C., and Rajamony, R. 2002. The case for power management in web servers. In Power aware computing, Robert Graybill and Rami Melhem (Eds.). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, USA 261--289. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. Brown, R. 2008. Report to congress on server and data center energy efficiency: Public law 109--431.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. David, H., Fallin, C., Gorbatov, E., Hanebutte, U. R., and Mutlu, O. 2011. Memory power management via dynamic voltage/frequency scaling. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on Autonomic computing (ICAC '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 31--40. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. Cochran, R., Hankendi, C., Coskun, A., and Reda, S. 2011. Pack & cap: Adaptive dvfs and thread packing under power caps. Proceedings of the 2011 44th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture, MICRO '44, pages 175--185, Washington, DC, USA, 2011. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  14. Cohen, W. W. 1995. Fast Effective Rule Induction. In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Machine Learning, Lake Tahoe, California.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  15. Hsu, C. and Feng, W. 2005. Effective Dynamic Voltage Scaling through CPU-Boundedness Detection. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, February 2005. LA-UR 04-7195 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  16. Heller, B., Seetharaman, S., Mahadevan, P., Yiakoumis, Y., Sharma, P., Banerjee, S., and McKeown, N. 2010. ElasticTree: saving energy in data center networks. In Proceedings of the 7th USENIX conference on Networked systems design and implementation(NSDI'10). USENIX Association, Berkeley, CA, USA, 17--17. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  17. Xu, M., Shang, Y., Li, D., and Wang, X. 2012. Greening data center networks with throughput-guaranteed power-aware routing. Computer Networks, 28 December 2012, ISSN 1389-1286, 10.1016/j.comnet.2012.12.012Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  18. Li, Z., Greenan, K. M., and Leung, A. W. 2012. Power Consumption in Enterprise-Scale Backup Storage Systems, Proceedings of the Tenth USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies (FAST '12) Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  19. Gandhi, A., Chen, Y., Gmach, D., Arlitt, M., and Marwah, M. 2011. Minimizing data center SLA violations and power consumption via hybrid resource provisioning. In Proceedings of the 2011 International Green Computing Conference and Workshops (IGCC '11). IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA, 1--8. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  20. Beloglazov, A. and Buyya, R. 2010. Energy Efficient Resource Management in Virtualized Cloud Data Centers. In Proceedings of the 2010 10th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGRID '10). IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA, 826--831. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  21. Ananthanarayanan, G. and Katz, R. H. 2008. Greening the switch. In Proceedings of the 2008 conference on Power aware computing and systems (HotPower'08). Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  22. Weddle, C., Oldham, M., Qian, J., Wang, A. A., Reiher, P., and Kuenning, G. 2007. PARAID: A gear-shifting power-aware RAID. In Proceedings of the Fifth USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies (FAST '07), pages 245--260, San Jose, CA, February 2007. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  23. Zhu, Q., Chen, Z., Tan, L., Zhou, Y., Keeton, K., and Wilkes, J. 2005. Hibernator: Helping Disk Arrays Sleep Through the Winter. In Proceedings of the 20th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP '05), pages 177--190, Brighton, UK, October 2005. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  24. Wang, X. and Chen, M. 2008. Cluster-level feedback power control for performance optimization. IEEE 14th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture, 2008. pp.101--110, 16-20 Feb. 2008Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  25. Niles, S. and Donovan, P. 2011. Virtualization and Cloud Computing: Optimized Power, Cooling, and Management Maximizes Benefits. White paper 118. Revision 3, Schneider Electric, 2011.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  26. Miyoshi, A., Lefurgy, C., Van Hensbergen, E., Rajamony, R., Rajkumar, R. 2002. Critical power slope: understanding the runtime effects of frequency scaling. Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Supercomputing, New York, USA. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  27. Elnozahy, E. N., Kistler, M., Rajamony, R. 2002. Energy-Efficient Server Clusters. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Power-Aware Computing Systems. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  28. Pinheiro, E., Bianchini, R., Carrera, E. V., and Heath, T. 2001. Load Balancing and Unbalancing for Power and Performance in Cluster-Based Systems. Proceedings of the Workshop on Compilers and Operating Systems for Low Power, September 2001; Technical Report DCS-TR-440, Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, May 2001.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  29. Sharma, V., Thomas, A., Abdelzaher,T., K. Skadron, Z. Lu, Power-aware QoS Management in Web Servers, Proceedings of the 24th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium, p.63, December 03-05, 2003 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  30. Berral, J. Ll., Goiri, I., Nou, R., Julia, F., Guitart J., Gavalda R., and Torres, J. 2010. Towards energy-aware scheduling in data centers using machine learning. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Energy-Efficient Computing and Networking (e-Energy '10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 215--224. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  31. Lebeck, A. R., Fan, X., Zeng, H., and Ellis, C. 2000. Power Aware Page Allocation. In ASPLOS, pages 105--116. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  32. Cai, Le., Lu, Yung-Hsiang. 2005. Joint Power Management of Memory and Disk. Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE'05), vol. 1, pp.86--91 Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  33. Felter, W., Rajamani, K., Keller, T. (IBM ARL)., and C. Rusu. 2005. A Performance-Conserving Approach for Reducing Peak Power Consumption in Server Systems, ACM International Conference on Supercomputing (ICS), Cambridge, MA. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  34. Srivastava, M., Chandrakasan, A., and Brodersen, R. 1996. Predictive system shutdown and other architectural techniques for energy efficient programmable computation. IEEE Trans. VLSI Systems, Vol. 4. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  35. Paleologo., Benini, L., Bogliolo, A., and De Micheli, G. Jun. 1999. Policy optimization for dynamic power management. IEEE Trans. Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 18, pp. 813--33. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  36. Xen, 2013. Xen Hypervisor. Accessed March 25, 2013 from http://www.xen.org/.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  37. OW2, 2013. RUBiS Benchmark. Accessed March 25, 2013 from http://rubis.ow2.org/Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  38. PostgreSQL, 2013. Postgres Data base. Accessed March 25, 2013 from http://www.postgresql.org/Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  39. Hall, Mark., Frank, Eibe., Holmes, Geoffrey., Pfahringer, Bernhard., Reutemann, Peter., and Witten, I. H. 2009. The WEKA Data Mining Software: An Update. SIGKDD Explorations, Volume 11, Issue 1. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library

Index Terms

  1. Autonomic performance-per-watt management (APM) of cloud resources and services

            Recommendations

            Comments

            Login options

            Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

            Sign in
            • Published in

              cover image ACM Other conferences
              CAC '13: Proceedings of the 2013 ACM Cloud and Autonomic Computing Conference
              August 2013
              247 pages
              ISBN:9781450321723
              DOI:10.1145/2494621

              Copyright © 2013 ACM

              Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

              Publisher

              Association for Computing Machinery

              New York, NY, United States

              Publication History

              • Published: 9 August 2013

              Permissions

              Request permissions about this article.

              Request Permissions

              Check for updates

              Qualifiers

              • research-article

            PDF Format

            View or Download as a PDF file.

            PDF

            eReader

            View online with eReader.

            eReader