ABSTRACT
This paper examines how an occupational group has adapted to the demands of working with a Location Based Service (LBS). Instead of following a rigid timetable, London's bus drivers are now required to maintain an equal distance between the bus in front and the one behind. Our qualitative study employs ethnographic fieldwork and in-depth semi-structured interviews to elicit drivers' perspectives of the new system and show how it has modified their driving and general work conditions. We explore how passengers influence the movement of the bus and how the technology frames bus drivers' relationships to their managers and commuters. This work contributes to our understanding of the impact of LBS in the workplace and shows how technological imperatives can be established that cause unanticipated consequences and gradually undermine human relationships.
- Ashok, A., Beck, C. and Quagliara, N. Ri-Ri: assisting bus conductors in madras (Chennai). In Proc. CHI EA 2007, ACM Press (2007), 2031--2036. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bain, P., and Taylor, P. Entrapped by the 'electronic panopticon' Worker resistance in the call centre. New Technology, Work and Employment 15, 1 (2000), 2--18.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Brush, A., Krumm, J. and Scott, J. Exploring end user preferences for location obfuscation, location-based services, and the value of location. In Proc. UbiComp 2010, ACM Press (2010), 95--104. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bhouri, N., Balbo, F., Pinson, S. and Tlig, M. Collaborative agents for modelling traffic regulation systems. In Proc. WI-IAT 2011, IEEE (2011), 7--13. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bijker, W.E. Of Bicycles, Bakelites and Bulbs: Towards a Theory of Socio-Technical Change. MIT Press, Cambridge, 1997.Google Scholar
- Boesen, J., Rode, J. A., and Mancini, C. The panopticon: location tracking in families. Proc UbiComp 2010, ACM Press (2010), 65--74. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Consolvo, S., Smith, I. E., Mattews, T., LaMarca, A., Tabert, J. and Powlwdge, P. Location disclosure to social relations: why, when, & what people want to share. In Proc. CHI 2005, ACM Press (2005), 81--90. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Dahl, Y. and Holbø, K. Value bias of sensor-based assistive technology: case study of GPS tracking system used in dementia care. In Proc. DIS 2012, ACM Press (2012), 572--581. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Dodson, S. The next stop should be Helsinki. The Guardian, 28th February 2008.Google Scholar
- Dziekan, K. and Kottenhoff, K. Dynamic at-stop realtime information displays for public transport: effects on customers. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 41, 6 (2007) 489--501.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Efimova, L. Weblog as personal thinking space. In Proc HT 2009, ACM Press (2009), 289--298. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ellis, C. and Bochner, A. B. Auto-ethnography, personal narrative, reflexivity: researcher as subject. In N. K. Denzin and Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.) Handbook of Qualitative Research, 733--768. Sage, London, 2000.Google Scholar
- Fallon, E., Bannon, L. and McCarthy, J. (Eds.) ALLFN 1997, Revisiting the Allocation of Functions Issue: New Perspectives. IEA Press (1997), 73--88.Google Scholar
- Ferris, B., Watkins, K. E. and Borning, A. Onebusaway: behavioural and satisfaction changes resulting from providing real-time arrival information for public transit. In Proc. of Transportation Research Board 90th Annual Meeting (2010).Google Scholar
- Foth, M., Schroeter, R. and Ti, J. Opportunities of public transport experience enhancements with mobile services and urban screens. IJACI 5, 1 (2013), 1--18.Google Scholar
- Ge, Y., Liu, C., Xiong, H. and Chen, J. A taxi business intelligence system. In Proc. SIGKDD 2011, ACM Press (2011), 735--738. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Glaser, B. and Strauss, A. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Transactions, Chicago, 1967.Google Scholar
- Harper, R. H. R. Why Do People Wear Active Badges? Rank Xerox Research Centre, 1993.Google Scholar
- Inglesant, P. and Sasse, M. Usability is the best policy: public policy and the lived experience of transport systems in London. In Proc. BCS-HCI 2007, BCS Press (2007), 35--44. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Junglas, I., and Spitzmüller, C. A research model for studying privacy concerns pertaining to location-based services. In Proc. HICSS 2005, IEEE Press, 180--189. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lathia, N. and Capra, L. How smart is your smartcard?: Measuring travel behaviours, perceptions, and incentives. In Proc. UbiComp 2011, ACM Press (2011), 291--300. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lee, S. and Kleiner, B. H. Electronic surveillance in the workplace. Management Research News 26 (2/3/4) (2003), 72--81.Google ScholarCross Ref
- McNamara, L., Mascolo, C. and Capra, L. Media sharing based on colocation prediction in urban transport. In Proc. MobiCom 2008, ACM Press (2008), 58--69. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Olson, J. S., Grudin, J. and Horvitz, E. A Study of Preferences for Sharing and Privacy. In Proc. CHI 2005, ACM (2005), 1985--1988. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Pace, T., Ramalingam, S. and Roedl, D. Celerometer and idling reminder: persuasive technology for school bus eco-driving. In Proc. CHI EA 2007, ACM Press (2007), 2085--2090. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Peng, J. A Survey of Location Based Service for Galileo System. In: proc. Computer Science and Computational Technology 2008, IEEE (2008), 737--741. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sellen, A., Eardley, R., Izadi, S. and Harper, R. The whereabouts clock: early testing of a situated awareness device. In Proc. CHI EA 2006, ACM Press (2006), 1303--1312. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Shklovski, I., Vertesi, J., Troshynski, E. and Dourish, P. The commodification of location: dynamics of power in location-based systems. In Proc. UbiComp 2009, ACM Press (2009), 11--20. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Spitzmüiller, C. and Stanton, J. M. Examining employee compliance with organizational surveillance and monitoring. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 79 (2010), 245--272.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Tenner, E. Why Things Bite Back: Technology and the Revenge of Unintended Consequences. Vintage, 1996.Google Scholar
- Tfl (2013) "Modes of Transport". Transport for London. http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/modesoftransportGoogle Scholar
- Thomas, L., Little, L., Briggs, P., McInnes, L., Jones, E. and Nicholson, J. Location tracking: views from the older adult population. Age and Ageing, (2013), 1--6.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Van der Doef, M and Maes, S. The job demand-control (-support) model and psychological well-being: a review of 20 years of empirical research. Work & Stress 13 (1999), 87--114.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Vasalou, A., Oostveen, A. and Joinson, A. N. A case study of non-adoption: the value of location tracking in the family. In Proc. CSCW 2012, ACM Press (2012), 779--788. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Venard, O., Baudoin, G. and Uzan, G. Experiment and evaluation of the RAMPE interactive system for the mobility of blind people in public transport. In Proc. Assets20'08, ACM Press (2008), 271--272. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Workman, M. A field study of corporate employee monitoring: attitudes, absenteeism, and the moderating influences of procedural justice perceptions. Information and Organization 19 (2009), 218--232. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wright, P., Dearden, A. and Fields, B. Function allocation: a perspective from studies of work practice. Int. J of Human Computer Studies 52, 2 (2000), 335355. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Zhou, T. The impact of privacy concern on user adoption of location-based service. International Management & Data Systems 111, 2 (2011), 212--226.Google Scholar
- Zweig, D. and Webster, J. Where is the line between benign and invasive? An examination of psychological barriers to the acceptance of awareness monitoring systems. Journal of Organizational Behaviour 23 (2002), 605--633.Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- Digitally driven: how location based services impact the work practices of London bus drivers
Recommendations
How to Drive a London Bus: Measuring Performance in a Mobile and Remote Workplace
CHI '15: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsThis paper examines how London bus drivers have responded to performance monitoring via a telematics device called Drivewell. This device calculates a score based on various recordable driving-related events like abrupt braking or irregular turning ...
On becoming a sociomaterial researcher: Exploring epistemological practices grounded in a relational, performative ontology
AbstractWhat is the role of the researcher in a world that is continuously enacted and reconfigured in sociomaterial practices, a world in which subject and object, structure and agency, body and mind, knower and known, are assumed to be ...
Highlights- The paper contributes to the development of epistemological practices available to draw upon for researchers assuming a sociomaterial approach.
Geographical perspectives on location for location based services
LOCWEB '09: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Location and the WebIn this position paper the question of how location is employed in location based services (LBS) is considered. The importance of the notion of location is highlighted as a means of blurring the boundary between forms of experiences that are direct, and ...
Comments