ABSTRACT
We investigate how FEC (Forward Error Correction) can be combined with ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) to achieve scalable reliable multicast transmission. We consider the two scenarios where FEC is introduced as a transparent layer underneath a reliable multicast layer that uses ARQ, and where FEC and ARQ are both integrated into a single layer that uses the retransmission of parity data to recover from the loss of original data packets.To evaluate the performance improvements due to FEC, we consider different types of loss behaviors (spatially or temporally correlated loss, homogeneous or heterogeneous loss) and loss rates for up to 106 receivers. Our results show that introducing FEC as a layer below ARQ can improve multicast transmission efficiency and scalability and that there are substantial additional improvements when the two are integrated.
- 1.S. Lin, D. J. Costello, and M. J. Miller, "Automaticrepeat-request error-control schemes.", IEEE Commun. Magazine, 22(12):5-17, 1984.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 2.J, Metzner, "An Improved Broadcast Retransmission Protocol", IEEE Transactions on Communications, COM-32(6):679-683, June 1984.Google Scholar
- 3.C. Huitema, "The case for packet level FEC', Proceedings of iFIP 5th International Workshop on Protocols .for High Speed Networks (P. fHSN'96), INRIA, Sophia Antipolis, FRANCE, October 1996, IFIP, Chapman & Hall. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 4.S. Floyd, V. $acobson, C. Liu, S. McCanne, L, and Zhang, "A Reliable Multicast Framework for Light-weight Sessions and Application Level Framing', Submitted to IEEE/A CM Transactions on Networking, 1996. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 5.T. W. Strayer, B. J. Dempsey, and A. C. Weaver, XTP - THE XPRESS TRANSFER PROTOCOL, Addison-Wesley, 1992. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 6.J. C. Lin and S. Paul, "RMTP: A Reliable Multicast Transport Protocol", INFOCOMM '96, pp. 1414- 1424, San Francisco, CA, March 1996. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 7.M. Hofmann, "A Generic Concept. for Large-Scale Multicast', B. Plattner, Ed., Proc. International Zuerich Seminar, volume 1044 of LNCS, pp. 95-106, Springer Verlag, February 1996. Google Scholar
- 8.R. Yavatkar, J. Griffoen, and M. Sudan, "A reliable Dissemination Protocol for Interactive Collaborative Applications", Proceedings o/A CM Multimedia, pp. 333-344, San Francisco, CA USA, 1995, ACM. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 9.K. Sakakibara and M. Kasahara, "A Multicast Bybrid ARQ Scheme using MDS Codes and GMD Decoding", IEEE Transactions on Communications, 43(12):2933-2939, December 1995.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 10.R. H. Deag, "Hybrid ARQ Schemes for Point - to- Multipoint Comraunicatioa over Nonstationary Broadcast Channels", IEEE Transactions on Communications, COM-41(9):1379-1387, September 1993.Google Scholar
- 11.J. Nonnenmacher and E. W. Biersack, "Reliable MUlticast: Where to use FEC', Proceedings of IFIP 5th {nternational Workshop on Protocols for High Speed Networks (PfHSN'96), INRIA, Sophia Antipo- }is, FRANCE, October 1996, IFIP, Chapman & Hall. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 12.A. J. McAuley, "Reliable Broadband Communications Using a Burst Erasure Correcting Code", Proc. A CM SIGCOMM 90, pp. 287-306, Philadelphia, PA, September 1990. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 13.S. Lin and D. J. CosteUo, Error Correcting Coding: Fundamentals and Applications, Prentice Hail, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983.Google Scholar
- 14.L. Rizzo, "Effective erasure codes for reliable computer communication protocols", Computer Communication Review, April 1997. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 15.P. Bhagwat, P. P. Mishra, and S. K. Ti-ipathi, "Elfect of Topology on Performance of Reliable Multicast Communication", Proceedings of INFOCOM'9$, volume 2, pp. 602-609, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, June 1994, IEEE.Google Scholar
- 16.P. Morse, Queues, Inventories, and Maintenance, John Wiley, 1958.Google Scholar
- 17.J.C. Bolot, "Analysis and control of audio packet loss in the In~ernet', T. D. C. Little and R. Gusella, Eds., 5th Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video, volume 1018 of LNGS, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany, april 1995, Google ScholarDigital Library
- 18.D. Towsley, J. Kurose, and S. Pingali, "A Comparison of Sender-Initiated and Receiver-Initiated Reliable Multicast Protocols", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 15(3):398-406, 1997. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 19.E. Ayanoglu, R. D. Gitlin, and N. C. Oguz, "Performance Improvement in Broadband Networks using Forward Error Correction for Lost Packet Recovery", Journal of High Speed Networks, 2:287-303, I993.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Parity-based loss recovery for reliable multicast transmission
Recommendations
Parity-based loss recovery for reliable multicast transmission
We investigate how FEC (Forward Error Correction) can be combined with ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) to achieve scalable reliable multicast transmission. We consider the two scenarios where FEC is introduced as a transparent layer underneath a reliable ...
Network-coding-based cache policy for loss recovery enhancement in reliable multicast
In local loss recovery schemes, a small number of recovery nodes distributed along the transmission paths save incoming packets temporarily in accordance with a specified cache policy and retransmit these packets if they subsequently receive a request ...
FEC-based Loss Recovery for Interactive Video Transmission
ICMCS '99: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 2Real-time interactive video transmission in the current Internet has mediocre quality because of high packet loss rates. Loss of packets belonging to a video frame manifests itself not only in the reduced quality of that frame but also in the ...
Comments