Dimitar Valkov
Frank Steinicke
Gerd Bruder
ABSTRACT
Recent developments in the area of touch and display technologies have suggested to combine multi-touch systems and stereoscopic visualization. Stereoscopic perception requires each eye to see a slightly different perspective of the same scene, which results in two distinct projections on the display. Thus, if the user wants to select a 3D stereoscopic object in such a setup, the question arises where she would touch the 2D surface to indicate the selection. A user may apply different strategies, for instance touching the midpoint between the two projections, or touching one of them.
In this paper we analyze the relation between the 3D positions of stereoscopically rendered objects and the on-surface touch points, where users touch the surface. We performed an experiment in which we determined the positions of the users' touches for objects, which were displayed with positive, negative or zero parallaxes. We found that users tend to touch between the projections for the two eyes with an offset towards the projection for the dominant eye. Our results give implications for the development of future touch-enabled interfaces, which support 3D stereoscopic visualization.
Supplemental Material
- AVIGLE - Avionic Digital Service Platform. http://www.avigle.de/.Google Scholar
- Immersion SAS. http://www.immersion.fr/.Google Scholar
- iMUTS - Interscopic Multi-Touch Surfaces. http://imuts.uni-muenster.de/.Google Scholar
- InSTInCT - Touch-based interfaces for Interaction with 3D Content. http://anr-instinct.cap-sciences.net/.Google Scholar
- H. Benko and S. Feiner. Balloon selection: A multi-finger technique for accurate low-fatigue 3d selection. IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (3DUI), pages 79--86, 2007.Google ScholarCross Ref
- H. Benko, A. D. Wilson, and R. Balakrishnan. Sphere: multi-touch interactions on a spherical display. In ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST), pages 77--86, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- H. Benko, A. D. Wilson, and P. Baudisch. Precise selection techniques for multi-touch screens. In ACM Proceedings of Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), pages 1263--1272, 2006. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J.-B. de la Rivière, C. Kervégant, E. Orvain, and N. Dittlo. Cubtile: a multi-touch cubic interface. In ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST), pages 69--72, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Y. Dvorkin, R. V. Kenyon, and E. A. Keshner. Reaching within a dynamic virtual environment. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 4(23), 2007.Google Scholar
- J. Ferwerda. Psychophysics 101: How to run perception experiments in computer graphics. In SIGGRAPH core, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- L. Geniva, R. Chua, and J. T. Enns. Attention for perception and action: task interference for action planning, but not for online control. Experimental Brain Research, 185(4):709--717, 2008.Google ScholarCross Ref
- T. Grossman and D. Wigdor. Going deeper: a taxonomy of 3d on the tabletop. In IEEE TABLETOP '07., pages 137--144, 2007.Google ScholarCross Ref
- T. Grossman, D. Wigdor, and R. Balakrishnan. Multi-finger gestural interaction with 3d volumetric displays. In ACM SIGGRAPH '05, pages 931--931, 2005. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Y. Han. Low-cost multi-touch sensing through frustrated total internal reflection. In ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST), pages 115--118, 2005. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Hancock, S. Carpendale, and A. Cockburn. Shallow-depth 3d interaction: design and evaluation of one-, two- and three-touch techniques. In ACM Proceedings of Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), pages 1147--1156, 2007. Google ScholarDigital Library
- O. Hilliges, S. Izadi, A. D. Wilson, S. Hodges, A. Garcia-Mendoza, and A. Butz. Interactions in the Air: Adding Further Depth to Interactive Tabletops. In ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST), pages 139--148, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Holz and P. Baudisch. The generalized perceived input point model and how to double touch accuracy by extracting fingerprints. In ACM Proceedings of Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), pages 1165--1174, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- G. Liu, R. Chua, and J. T. Enns. Attention for perception and action: task interference for action planning, but not for online control. Experimental Brain Research, 185:709--717, 2008.Google ScholarCross Ref
- C. L. MacKenziea, R. G. Marteniuka, C. Dugasa, D. Liskea, and B. Eickmeiera. Three-dimensional movement trajectories in fitts' task: Implications for control. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 39(4):629--647, 1987.Google ScholarCross Ref
- A. P. Mapp, H. Ono, and R. Barbeito. What does the dominant eye dominate? a brief and somewhat contentious review. Perception & Psychophysics, 65(2):310--317, 2003.Google ScholarCross Ref
- A. Martinet, G. Casiez, and G. Grisoni. The design and evaluation of 3d positioning techniques for multi-touch displays. In IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (3DUI), 2010. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Müller-Tomfelde, J. Schöning, J. Hook, T. Bartindale, D. Schmidt, P. Oliver, F. Echtler, N. Motamedi, P. Brandl, and U. Zadow. Building interactive multi-touch surfaces. In C. Müller-Tomfelde, editor, Tabletops - Horizontal Interactive Displays, Human-Computer Interaction Series, pages 27--49. Springer London, 2010.Google Scholar
- J. Pierce, A. Forsberg, M. Conway, S. Hong, R. Zeleznik, and M. Mine. Image Plane Interaction Techniques in 3D Immersive Environments. In ACM Interactive 3D Graphics, pages 39--44, 1997. Google ScholarDigital Library
- R. L. Potter, L. J. Weldon, and B. Shneiderman. Improving the accuracy of touch screens: an experimental evaluation of three strategies. In ACM Proceedings of Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), pages 27--32, 1988. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. L. Reisman, P. L. Davidson, and J. Y. Han. A screen-space formulation for 2d and 3d direct manipulation. In ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST), pages 69--78, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Schmalstieg, L. M. Encarnaçao, and Z. Szalavári. Using transparent props for interaction with the virtual table. In ACM Interactive 3D graphics '99, pages 147--153, 1999. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Schöning, F. Steinicke, D. Valkov, A. Krüger, and K. H. Hinrichs. Bimanual interaction with interscopic multi-touch surfaces. In IFIP TC13 Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (INTERACT '09), pages 40--53, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- F. Steinicke, T. Ropinski, G. Bruder, and K. Hinrichs. Interscopic User Interface Concepts for Fish Tank Virtual Reality Systems. In IEEE Proceedings of VR2007, pages 27--34, 2007.Google Scholar
- D. Valkov, F. Steinicke, G. Bruder, K. Hinrichs, J. Schöning, F. Daiber, and A. Krüger. Touching floating objects in projection-based virtual reality environments. In Joint Virtual Reality Conference of EuroVR - EGVE - VEC, pages 17--24, 2010. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Viau, A. G. Feldman, B. J. McFadyen, and M. F. Levin. Reaching in reality and virtual reality: a comparison of movement kinematics in healthy subjects and in adults with hemiparesis. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 1(11), 2004.Google Scholar
- C. Ware and K. Lowther. Selection using a one-eyed cursor in a fish tank vr environment. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 4:309--322, 1997. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Whitney, D. A. Westwood, and M. A. Goodale. The influence of visualmotion on fast reaching movements to a stationary object. Letters to Nature, 423:869--873, 2003.Google Scholar
- A. D. Wilson, S. Izadi, O. Hilliges, A. Garcia-Mendoza, and D. Kirk. Bringing physics to the surface. In ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST), pages 67--76, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- 2d touching of 3d stereoscopic objects
Recommendations
To touch or not to touch?: comparing 2D touch and 3D mid-air interaction on stereoscopic tabletop surfaces
SUI '13: Proceedings of the 1st symposium on Spatial user interactionRecent developments in touch and display technologies have laid the groundwork to combine touch-sensitive display systems with stereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) display. Although this combination provides a compelling user experience, interaction with ...
Bi-3D: Bi-Manual Pen-and-Touch Interaction for 3D Manipulation on Tablets
UIST '21: The 34th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and TechnologyTablets are attractive for design work anywhere, but 3D manipulations are notoriously difficult. We explore how engaging the stylus and multi-touch in concert can render such tasks easier. We introduce Bi-3D, an interaction concept where touch gestures ...
Interactive surfaces for interaction with stereoscopic 3d (ISIS3D): tutorial and workshop at its 2013
ITS '13: Proceedings of the 2013 ACM international conference on Interactive tabletops and surfacesWith the increasing distribution of multi-touch capable devices multi-touch interaction becomes more and more ubiquitous. Multi-touch interaction offers new ways to deal with 3D data allowing a high degree of freedom (DOF) without instrumenting the ...
Comments