Comptes Rendus
no. 3-4
Computational metallurgy and changes of scale / Métallurgie numérique et changements d'échelle
Advances in cleavage fracture modelling in steels: Micromechanical, numerical and multiscale aspects
[Vers une meilleure compréhension de la rupture par clivage dans les aciers : Aspects micro-mécaniques, numériques et multi-échelles]
André Pineau1  ; Benoît Tanguy2
1 Centre des matériaux, UMR CNRS 7633, Mines-ParisTech, 91003 Evry cedex, France
2 Département des matériaux pour le nucléaire, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 11 (2010) no. 3-4, pp. 316-325.

La ruine par rupture fragile reste une des préoccupations majeures pour l'évaluation de l'intégrité mécanique des structures. Les principaux traits de l'amorçage de ce mode de rupture à la pointe d'une fissure macroscopique sont tout d'abord rappelés dans l'introduction. On met l'accent sur la dispersion inhérente à ce mode de rupture en relation avec l'origine diverse des sites d'amorçage ainsi que sur l'effet de taille. On montre que la rupture par clivage est contrôlée par des mécanismes physiques agissant à différentes échelles, celle des particules de seconde phase micrométriques et celle des grains. L'origine statistique du clivage est modélisée en prenant en compte à la fois la distribution spatiale des défauts microstructuraux et la distribution intragranulaire des contraintes et déformations. Les modèles développés sont utilisés pour prévoir la variation de la résilience avec la température.

Brittle cleavage fracture remains one of the major concerns for structural integrity assessment. The main characteristics of this mode of failure in relation to the stress field ahead of a crack, tip are described in the introduction. The emphasis is laid on the physical origins of scatter and the size effect observed in ferritic steels. It is shown that cleavage fracture is controlled by physical events occurring at different scales: initiation at (sub)micrometric particles, propagation across grain boundaries (10–50 microns) and final fracture at centimetric scale. The two first scales are detailed in this paper. The statistical origin of cleavage is described quantitatively from both microstructural defects and stress–strain heterogeneities due to crystalline plasticity at the grain scale. Existing models are applied to the prediction of the variation of Charpy fracture toughness with temperature.

Publié le :
DOI : 10.1016/j.crhy.2010.07.013
Keywords: Cleavage fracture, Micromechanisms, Ferritic steels, Statistics, Scatter, Multiscale modelling
Mot clés : Rupture par clivage, Micromécanismes, Aciers ferritiques, Aspects statistiques, Dispersion, Modélisation multi-échelle
André Pineau 1 ; Benoît Tanguy 2

1 Centre des matériaux, UMR CNRS 7633, Mines-ParisTech, 91003 Evry cedex, France
2 Département des matériaux pour le nucléaire, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France 
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André Pineau; Benoît Tanguy. Advances in cleavage fracture modelling in steels: Micromechanical, numerical and multiscale aspects. Comptes Rendus. Physique, Volume 11 (2010) no. 3-4, pp. 316-325. doi : 10.1016/j.crhy.2010.07.013. https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.1016/j.crhy.2010.07.013/

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