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2023 | Buch

Competition Law in Switzerland

Law and Practice in a European Context

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Über dieses Buch

This is the first comprehensive English-language overview of competition law enforcement in Switzerland since the introduction of direct sanctions in 2004. It discusses the key issues facing practitioners: horizontal and vertical agreements (with a particular emphasis on distribution agreements), abuse of dominance, and the newly introduced provisions on relative market power and merger control. It also provides an overview of the key procedural provisions, leniency and amicable settlements, and fines.

The book subsequently analyses the main differences between Swiss and EU competition law and explains why, to what extent, and how companies should conduct a separate analysis under Swiss law. It offers a comprehensive overview and accessible analysis, based on in-depth research of case law, for practitioners and in-house counsels who need to ensure compliance with competition law on a Swiss, European or international basis. It is also a valuable guide for all practitioners, academics and students interested in understanding Swiss competition law.

Enforcement of competition law in Switzerland has intensified and is becoming increasingly important for global companies selling in Switzerland. Moreover, the fines have increased over the last twenty years, and many foreign companies have had to pay substantial fines in recent years. Lastly, the Swiss Federal Supreme Court has now extended the extraterritorial application of Swiss competition law to foreign companies where sales to Switzerland are possible.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Enactment, Scope of Application, and Enforcement of the Cartel Act
Abstract
This first chapter is an introduction to the Swiss Cartel Act, its basic concepts such as the undertaking, which determines its scope of application to private and public undertakings, its territorial jurisdiction and its extraterritorial effect on foreign undertakings as determined by the “effects doctrine”, and its relationship with EU competition law. It also outlines the main features of the parallel public and private enforcement of the Swiss Cartel Act by explaining the main procedural stages of public enforcement by the Swiss Competition Authority, such as the preliminary investigation, the in-depth investigation, and the main administrative proceedings, as well as the main features of civil proceedings and remedies, such as damages and nullity.
Pranvera Këllezi
Chapter 2. Agreements
Abstract
This second chapter introduces the concept of agreement in all its forms, such as convention and concerted practice, and its main features, such as collective action, (non)binding force, decisions of associations of undertakings, as well as its object and effect in terms of restriction of competition. It explains the structure of the Swiss Cartel Act in relation to the assessment of unlawful agreements and explains essential concepts developed by the case law, such as the cas bagatelle or trivial restrictions, the significant restriction of competition, the elimination of competition and its presumption in cases such as horizontal price fixing or absolute territorial restriction in vertical restrictions, and the criteria for rebutting the presumption. Finally, it introduces the assessment of the restriction of competition on the basis of qualitative and quantitative criteria and the justification on the basis of economic efficiency.
Pranvera Këllezi
Chapter 3. Horizontal Agreements
Abstract
This third chapter deals in particular with horizontal agreements, in particular direct and indirect price fixing, quantity restrictions, market sharing and customer allocation between horizontal competitors. It covers bid-rigging and consortia, which have received particular attention from public enforcement authorities. It also covers information exchange, interlocking directorates and non-competitive joint ventures. It aims to explain which horizontal agreements are subject to the presumption of elimination of competition under Article 5(3)(a) of the Cartel Act, which makes participating undertakings liable to fines.
Pranvera Këllezi
Chapter 4. Distribution Agreements and Vertical Restraints
Abstract
This chapter deals in particular with vertical and distribution agreements, focusing on the assessment of restrictions that are presumed to eliminate competition under Article 5(4) of the Swiss Cartel Act and are subject to fines. It explains the concept of severe restrictions of competition and the analysis according to the Vertical Notice of the Swiss Competition Commission. In addition to the general framework, the chapter provides a case-by-case assessment of the most important vertical restraints used in practice, such as resale price maintenance, price recommendations, maximum resale prices, territorial allocation and restrictions, absolute territorial protection, location clauses and exclusive purchasing obligations, non-compete obligations and restrictions on online sales.
Pranvera Këllezi
Chapter 5. Abusive Conduct by Dominant Undertakings and Undertakings with Relative Market Power
Abstract
This chapter reviews the case law on abusive conduct and dominance, including the new provisions on relative market power. It provides a case-by-case discussion of the main types of abusive conduct, such as price squeeze, refusal to deal, discrimination and unfair prices or conditions, undercutting of prices or other conditions, limitation of production, supply or technical development, refusal to supply on foreign terms, and tying and bundling. The chapter also explains objective justification.
Pranvera Këllezi
Chapter 6. Merger Control
Abstract
This chapter sets out the main merger control provisions, including the mandatory notification system, the notification triggers, such as the turnover thresholds and the dominant position of one of the undertakings concerned, the undertakings required to notify, the transactions and situations covered by the concept of concentration, the substantive test and the ex ante review procedures.
Pranvera Këllezi
Chapter 7. Sanctions, Leniency and Amicable Settlements
Abstract
This chapter contains the main provisions on sanctions and the criteria for the calculation of the fine, such as the basic amount of the fine, the duration of the infringement, and aggravating and mitigating circumstances. It also covers leniency applications for full or partial immunity, prior notification of restraints of competition and the procedural framework and conditions for amicable settlements. Finally, it sets out the administrative sanctions applicable to undertakings and the criminal sanctions applicable to individuals.
Pranvera Këllezi
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Competition Law in Switzerland
verfasst von
Pranvera Këllezi
Copyright-Jahr
2023
Electronic ISBN
978-3-031-45117-1
Print ISBN
978-3-031-45116-4
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45117-1

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