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Erschienen in: Journal of Business Economics 3/2012

01.03.2012 | Forschung

Der Einfluss von Kognition und Affekt auf Unternehmensgründungsentscheidungen: Eine vergleichende Analyse von Angestellten und Unternehmern

verfasst von: Dr. Theresa Michl, Prof. Dr. Matthias Spörrle, Prof. Dr. Isabell M. Welpe, Prof. Dr. Dietmar Grichnik, Prof. Dr. Dres. h. c. Arnold Picot

Erschienen in: Journal of Business Economics | Ausgabe 3/2012

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Zusammenfassung

Der Zusammenhang zwischen individuellem unternehmerischem Verhalten und objektiven Situationsmerkmalen einer potentiellen unternehmerischen Gelegenheit – der so genannte Individual-Opportunity Nexus – steht im Fokus der Entrepreneurshipforschung. Die Rolle kognitiver Einschätzungen und affektiver Einflüsse im Unternehmensgründungsprozess wurde in diesem Kontext bislang weitgehend vernachlässigt. Auf der Grundlage eines Fragebogenexperiments mit zwei unterschiedlichen Stichproben von Angestellten und Unternehmensgründern bestätigen unsere Ergebnisse zentrale Annahmen kognitiver Einschätzungs- und Emotionstheorien. Demnach sagen die subjektiven Einschätzungen der unternehmerischen Gelegenheiten die Gesamtbewertung einer unternehmerischen Gelegenheit und die Entscheidung zur Unternehmensgründung besser voraus als dies die objektiven Merkmale der unternehmerischen Gelegenheit können. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass negativer Affekt die Nutzungswahrscheinlichkeit einer unternehmerischen Gelegenheit negativ beeinflusst. Zudem wird der Zusammenhang zwischen der Bewertung einer unternehmerischen Gelegenheit und ihrer Nutzungswahrscheinlichkeit durch negativen Affekt abschwächend moderiert. Die vorgelegten Analysen sprechen dafür, dass die nachgewiesenen kognitiven Prozesse für die beiden untersuchten Stichproben zwar unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägt, aber doch grundsätzlich vergleichbar sind. Die affektiven Einflüsse auf den Unternehmensgründungsprozess zeigen hingegen keine gruppenspezifischen Unterschiede. Diese Ergebnisse erweitern das auf objektive Merkmale unternehmerischer Gelegenheiten ausgerichtete Individual-Opportunity-Nexus-Paradigma, indem sie die Bedeutung subjektiver kognitiver Einschätzungen und affektiver Reaktionen und damit den unmittelbaren Schnittbereich von Individuum und unternehmerischer Gelegenheit beleuchten.

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From January 2013, the Zeitschrift für Betriebswirtschaft (ZfB) is published in English under the title Journal of Business Economics (JBE). The Journal of Business Economics (JBE) aims at encouraging theoretical and applied research in the field of business economics and business administration, promoting the exchange of ideas between science and practice.

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Fußnoten
1
Es wurde mittels t-Tests überprüft, ob sich die Antwortenden des personalisierten Verfahrens (n = 667) von den Antwortenden im Rahmen des Schneeballverfahrens (n = 1298) unterscheiden. Weiter wurde überprüft, ob sich die 344 Respondenten von den Nicht-Respondenten unterscheiden, indem als Annäherung für den Vergleich von Respondenten und Nicht-Respondenten die Antwortmuster von Früh- und Spätantworter verglichen wurden, da angenommen wird, dass späte Respondenten den Nicht-Respondenten stärker ähneln als die frühen Respondenten. Damit folgen wir bestehenden Studien (vgl. z. B. Borg und Tuten2003; Schäffer und Willauer2003; Schilke und Wirtz2008), die auf die so genannte „Extrapolationsmethode“ (Armstrong und Overton1977) zurückgreifen, um einen non-response bias zu testen. Unsere Analysen zeigten in keiner hypothesenrelevanten Variable signifikante Unterschiede.
 
2
Cohen (1988) definiert d = 0,20 als schwachen, d = 0,50 als mittelstarken und d = 0,80 als starken Effekt.
 
3
Cohen (1988) definiert r = 0,10 als schwachen, r = 0,30 als mittelstarken und r = 0,50 als starken Zusammenhang.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Der Einfluss von Kognition und Affekt auf Unternehmensgründungsentscheidungen: Eine vergleichende Analyse von Angestellten und Unternehmern
verfasst von
Dr. Theresa Michl
Prof. Dr. Matthias Spörrle
Prof. Dr. Isabell M. Welpe
Prof. Dr. Dietmar Grichnik
Prof. Dr. Dres. h. c. Arnold Picot
Publikationsdatum
01.03.2012
Verlag
SP Gabler Verlag
Erschienen in
Journal of Business Economics / Ausgabe 3/2012
Print ISSN: 0044-2372
Elektronische ISSN: 1861-8928
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-012-0549-0

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