Skip to main content

2014 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Fossil Energy Systems

verfasst von : Patrick A. Narbel, Jan Petter Hansen, Jan R. Lien

Erschienen in: Energy Technologies and Economics

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This chapter gives an overview of the fossil energy sources, which undoubtedly still are dominating the supply of energy. We introduce here how coal, oil and gas are explored, recovered and used for energy production. The most conventional resources and production methods are described, and at the end of the chapter we introduce some of the unconventional fossil energy sources which have a promising resource potential. Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources and therefore represent a limited source of energy. The global reserves will be assessed and the cost of continued production of energy based on these diminishing resources will be evaluated. But first, we start with a historical review of mankind’s involvement with fossil deposits and use as an energy source.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
A sorbent is a material used to absorb liquids or gases.
 
2
Bituminous, anthracite.
 
3
Sub-bituminous, lignite.
 
4
This is a global treaty under which many developed countries have accepted to reduce their carbon emissions.
 
5
See Sect. 5.​1.​4 for a description of learning rate.
 
6
See Sect. 5.​2.​4 for a description of the impact of a carbon price on the cost of coal.
 
7
Stock Tank Oil Originall In Place is a term which normalises volumes of oil contained under high pressure and temperature under ground to surface conditions, 1 bar and 15 \(^{\circ }\)C
 
8
1 barrel \(=\) 0.159 m\(^3\)
 
9
OPEC stands for Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, organization aiming at coordinating the petroleum policies of its Member Countries.
 
10
OECD countries minus Chile, Estonia, Iceland, Israel, Mexico and Slovenia.
 
11
The physcial price is the loss in efficiency here.
 
12
There is an unimportant inconsistency at \(t=0\) with (Eq. 2.10) since \(V(0) \ne 0\). It can be removed by subtracting the constant \(V(0)\) from \(V(t)\), i.e.. \(V(t) \longrightarrow V(t) - V(0)\).
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Blas, J.: Coal prices flare as australian floods cut supply. FT.com, 11 Jan 2011 Blas, J.: Coal prices flare as australian floods cut supply. FT.com, 11 Jan 2011
Zurück zum Zitat Cassedy, E.S., Grossman, P.Z.: Introduction to Energy—Resources, Technology and Society, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1998) Cassedy, E.S., Grossman, P.Z.: Introduction to Energy—Resources, Technology and Society, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1998)
Zurück zum Zitat Clo, A.: Oil Economics and Policy. Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Dordrecht (2000)CrossRef Clo, A.: Oil Economics and Policy. Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Dordrecht (2000)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Northwest Power Planning Council.: Natural gas combined-cycle gas turbine power plants, Aug 2002 Northwest Power Planning Council.: Natural gas combined-cycle gas turbine power plants, Aug 2002
Zurück zum Zitat Deutsch, C.V., McLennan, J.A.: Guide to SAGD (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage) Reservoir Characterization Using Geostatistics. Centre for Computational Geostatistics (2005) Deutsch, C.V., McLennan, J.A.: Guide to SAGD (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage) Reservoir Characterization Using Geostatistics. Centre for Computational Geostatistics (2005)
Zurück zum Zitat Ersland, G., Graue, A.: Natural gas. In: Natural gas hydrates, 16p. SCIYO, Rijeka, Croatia (2010) Ersland, G., Graue, A.: Natural gas. In: Natural gas hydrates, 16p. SCIYO, Rijeka, Croatia (2010)
Zurück zum Zitat Graue, A., Kvamme, B., Baldwin, B.A., Stevens, J., Howard, J., Aspenes, E., Ersland, G., Huseb, J., Zornes D.R.: Environmentally friendly CO\(_{2}\) storage in hydrate reservoirs benefits from associated natural gas production. SPE, OTC 18087, SPE, : Offshore Technology Conference (OTC) in Houston. OTC paper 18087, 2006 Graue, A., Kvamme, B., Baldwin, B.A., Stevens, J., Howard, J., Aspenes, E., Ersland, G., Huseb, J., Zornes D.R.: Environmentally friendly CO\(_{2}\) storage in hydrate reservoirs benefits from associated natural gas production. SPE, OTC 18087, SPE, : Offshore Technology Conference (OTC) in Houston. OTC paper 18087, 2006
Zurück zum Zitat Helseth, L.E.: Fysikk og norsk oljeproduksjon. Fysikkens Verden 3, 81–84 (2012) Helseth, L.E.: Fysikk og norsk oljeproduksjon. Fysikkens Verden 3, 81–84 (2012)
Zurück zum Zitat Hubbert, M.K.: Nuclear energy and the fossil fuels. In: Spring meeting of the Southern District, San Antonio, Texas, Mar 1956 Hubbert, M.K.: Nuclear energy and the fossil fuels. In: Spring meeting of the Southern District, San Antonio, Texas, Mar 1956
Zurück zum Zitat Jensen, J.T.: LNG versus pipelines—economic and technical pros and cons. In: Presentation to the Far North Oil & Gas Forum, Calgary, Nov 2007 Jensen, J.T.: LNG versus pipelines—economic and technical pros and cons. In: Presentation to the Far North Oil & Gas Forum, Calgary, Nov 2007
Zurück zum Zitat Lindner, E.: Chemie für Ingenieure, p. 258, 11th edn. Lindner Verlag, Karlsruhe (1997) Lindner, E.: Chemie für Ingenieure, p. 258, 11th edn. Lindner Verlag, Karlsruhe (1997)
Zurück zum Zitat NPD.: Well-filled toolbox for improved oil recovery, 2009 NPD.: Well-filled toolbox for improved oil recovery, 2009
Zurück zum Zitat NPD.: Petroleum resources on the norwegian continental shelf, 2013 NPD.: Petroleum resources on the norwegian continental shelf, 2013
Zurück zum Zitat Pohlman, J.W., Bauer, J.E., Canuel, E.A., Grabowski, K.S., Knies, D.L., Mitchell, C.S., Whiticar, M.J., Coffin, R.B.: Methane sources in gas hydrate-bearing cold seeps: evidence from radiocarbon and stable isotopes. Mar. Chem. 115(1–2), 102–109 (2009). doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2009.07.001 Pohlman, J.W., Bauer, J.E., Canuel, E.A., Grabowski, K.S., Knies, D.L., Mitchell, C.S., Whiticar, M.J., Coffin, R.B.: Methane sources in gas hydrate-bearing cold seeps: evidence from radiocarbon and stable isotopes. Mar. Chem. 115(1–2), 102–109 (2009). doi:10.​1016/​j.​marchem.​2009.​07.​001
Zurück zum Zitat WEC.: World Energy Resources: Survey. World Energy Council, London (2013). ISBN:978-0-946121-29-8 WEC.: World Energy Resources: Survey. World Energy Council, London (2013). ISBN:978-0-946121-29-8
Zurück zum Zitat Zerpa, L.E., Queipoa, N.V., Pintosa, S., Salager, J.-L.: An optimization methodology of alkaline surfactant polymer flooding processes using field scale numerical simulation and multiple surrogates. J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 47, 197–208 (2005) Zerpa, L.E., Queipoa, N.V., Pintosa, S., Salager, J.-L.: An optimization methodology of alkaline surfactant polymer flooding processes using field scale numerical simulation and multiple surrogates. J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 47, 197–208 (2005)
Metadaten
Titel
Fossil Energy Systems
verfasst von
Patrick A. Narbel
Jan Petter Hansen
Jan R. Lien
Copyright-Jahr
2014
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08225-7_2