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Erschienen in:
Decentralization and Governance for Sustainable Society in Indonesia Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Good Governance Contested: Exploring Human Rights and Sustainability as Normative Goals

verfasst von : Jilles L. J. Hazenberg

Erschienen in: Decentralization and Governance in Indonesia

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The governance of a society should ideally lead to its sustainability. This chapter sets out to shed light on the notions of good governance and sustainability that are, though often described as problematically vague, generally accepted goals of development. Good governance, by definition, proposes to be a guide towards the better execution and exercise of authority, power and rule making. Through an analysis of the most prominent uses of good governance in international development, an argument is given for the appreciation of the normative dimension of good governance: of what the good is. An assessment of critique levelled against the concept of good governance establishes that it suffers from vagueness and contestation. It will be argued that these problems are, at least minimally, due to the lack of normative foundation and overly economic outlook. A normative dimension should provide fundamental values that governance should adhere to for it to be called good. Furthermore, the argument is put forward that the concept of good governance is best grounded in the fundamental values underlying international legal human rights and the concept of social sustainability. The convergence of the values of status-egalitarianism, well-being and futurity establish the normative goal of good governance: to respect, protect and further status-egalitarianism and well-being into the indefinite future.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Decentralization and Governance for Sustainable Society in Indonesia
Nächstes Kapitel Decentralization and Primary Health Care Innovations in Indonesia
Fußnoten
1
Critique voiced from various sources did exist long before.
 
2
For an overview of the contents and a critique of the SAPs see Greenaway and Morrissey (1993, 241–261) and Schatz (1994, 679–692).
 
3
As was the experience in the West in those years.
 
4
This is commonly referred to as the unjustifiable borrowing privilege of authoritarian leaders. See Pogge (2008).
 
5
Conception of governance along these lines are found in the academic fields of constitutional economics, social sciences, political science. For an overview and interpretations of these concepts in constitutional economics see Williamson (1979, 1985). Within social sciences see De Alcántara (1998) and within political science Bevir (2010, 2011) and Rhodes (1997).
 
6
Within political sciences concerning the wider notion of governance, this is often depicted with reference to the notion of output-legitimacy.
 
9
To a great extent, this can be explained by the area in which the Bretton Woods institutions can issue prescriptions. These cannot be political, and thus the governance indicators can be seen as an attempt to depoliticize a political concept. See also: Doornbos (2001, 95).
 
10
For an excellent overview of definitions and the role Human Rights play in definitions compare Table 2 and Table 3 of Gisselquist (2012, 23–27).
 
12
For instance, the UNDP (2002, 3) uses an intriguingly circular argument stating that human rights and democracy promote development because “enjoying political freedom and participating in the decisions that shape one’s life are fundamental human rights”. In this statement, there is no argument explaining either why these are fundamental rights or how democratic governance promotes development.
 
13
The term international legal human rights is borrowed from Allen Buchanan (2013). In his work, it functions as an argument against the mirroring view of human rights which sees codified human rights as the legal mirror of an antecedent moral right. Differentiating between moral and legal human rights in this paper enables circumventing the discussion regarding the moral foundations of human rights because a mirroring view is neither a sufficient nor necessary conditions for the practice of international legal human rights to exist and continue to exist. Though I am sympathetic to Buchanan’s argument regarding the status of theories which seek to justify human rights through reference to underlying moral rights the argument presented here is fully compatible with a mirroring view. See Footnote 12.
 
14
For a prominent advocate of this view see: Griffin (2008) in which he argues that only moral human rights can ground legal human rights.
 
15
This does not necessarily say anything about their legitimacy since the factual situation that something is never settles the question whether it ought to be. Here I will, however, remain silent regarding the question whether corresponding moral rights are required to legitimize the existing legal rights since it is beyond the scope of this chapter. Thus the view that ‘legal human rights’ simply acknowledge the ‘moral human rights’ we have in virtue of our humanity is still wholly plausible within the argument put forward in this chapter.
 
16
Within international legal human rights states are specified as duty-bearer. Moreover, the duties specified by legal human rights are perfect duties, otherwise no right exists. The concept of sustainability, on the other hand, functions well with imperfect duties that apply to a much broader range of actors than the perfect human rights duties falling on states alone.
 
17
The present argument is thus not one replacing the ‘old’ framework for a ‘new’ one but argues for supplementing the current framework with a normative dimension.
 
18
Here Buchanan’s (2013) interpretation of the functions of our system of international legal human rights is followed.
 
19
Two prominent examples of such minimal well-being approaches are: Shue (1980) and Nickel (1987).
 
20
Moral nor legal.
 
21
It is conceded that an instrumental evaluation in terms of economic prosperity is an essential component since economic growth is crucial to development.
 
23
For a more elaborate statement on this legitimizing function of human rights see Buchanan (2013, 263–267).
 
24
This is impossible because of the wide-range of actors that have to agree upon such a definition and undesirable due to closing the opportunity to appeal to a wide-range of actors.
 
Literatur
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Metadaten
Titel
Good Governance Contested: Exploring Human Rights and Sustainability as Normative Goals
verfasst von
Jilles L. J. Hazenberg
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Buch
Decentralization and Governance in Indonesia

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-22433-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-22434-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2016

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22434-3_2

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