nach oben

Management International Review

Erschienen in:

01.04.2013 | Research Article

Neither Ghettoed Nor Cosmopolitan

A Study of Western Women’s Perceptions of Gender and Cultural Stereotyping in the UAE

verfasst von: Prof. Kate Hutchings, Prof. Snejina Michailova, PhD, Edelweiss C. Harrison, MIB

Erschienen in: Management International Review | Ausgabe 2/2013

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

This research examined Western women in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and whether they perceived there to have been gender and cultural stereotyping towards them, and if they exemplified a new breed of cosmopolitan expatriates or the more traditional experience of living within expatriate bubbles.
The study was based on semi-structured interviews with 27 expatriate females from Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States working in the UAE.
The female expatriates studied did not perceive gender and cultural stereotyping at work, but identified stereotyping as occurring in the non-work context; some of which resulted from the women engaging in auto-stereotyping. Additionally, the women neither lived within ghettoes in the UAE but nor could they be viewed as truly cosmopolitan; suggesting that expatriates’ working and living experiences need to be understood as operating on a continuum.

Vorheriger Artikel Revisiting the Trust-performance Link in Strategic Alliances

Nächster Artikel Biblio Service

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Management International Review

MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL REVIEW is a double-blind refereed journal that aims at the advancement and dissemination of research in the fields of International Management.

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Adler, N. (1984a). Women in international management: Where are they? California Management Review, 26(4), 79–89.CrossRef

Adler, N. (1984b). Expecting international success: Female managers overseas. Columbia Journal of World Business, 19(1), 77–83.

Adler, N. (1987). Pacific basin managers: A gaijin, not a woman. Human Resource Management, 26(2), 169–191.CrossRef

Adler, N. (1994). Competitive frontiers: Women managing across borders. Journal of Management Development, 13(2), 24–41.CrossRef

Al-Hassan Golley, N., Arenfeldt, P., & Kemp, L. J. (2011). Gender and women’s studies in the Arab region. Anglo Higher, 3(2), 12–13.

Al Munajjed, M. (2010). Women’s employment in Saudi Arabia: A major challenge. http://www.booz.com/media/uploads/Womens_Employment_in_Saudi_Arabia.pdf. Accessed 27 Nov 2010.

Allport, G. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Cambridge: Perseus.

Altman, Y., & Shortland, S. (2008). Women and international assignments: Taking stock: A 25 year review. Human Resource Management, 47(2), 199–216.CrossRef

Biernat, M., Vescio, T. K., & Green, M. L. (1996). Selective self-stereotyping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(6), 1194–1209.CrossRef

Black, J. S., & Gregersen, H. B. (1992). Serving two masters: Managing the dual allegiance of expatriate employees. Sloan Management Review, 33(4), 61–71.

Blair, I. V., & Banaji, M. R. (1996). Automatic and controlled processes in stereotype priming. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(6), 1142–1163.CrossRef

Bodenhausen, G. V., & Macrae, C. N. (1998). Stereotype activation and inhibition. In R. S. Wyer Jr (Ed.), Stereotype activation and inhibition: Advances in social cognition (pp. 1–52). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.

Brewster, C., & Pickard, J. (1994). Evaluating expatriate training. International Studies of Management and Organization, 24(3), 18–35.

Brigham, J. C. (1971). Ethnic Stereotypes. Psychological Bulletin, 76, 15–38.CrossRef

Brookfield Global Relocation Services. (2011). Global relocation trends: 2011 survey report. Woodridge: BGRS.

Caligiuri, P. M., & Cascio, W. F. (1998). Can we send her there? Maximizing the success of western women on global assignments. Journal of World Business, 33(4), 394–416.

CIA. (2010). The world factbook. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae.html#People. Accessed 3 Oct 2010.

Cresswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Daniels, J., & Cannice, M. (2004). Interview studies in international business research. In R. Marschan-Piekkari & C. Welch (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research methods for international business (pp. 185–206). Northampton: Elgar.

Earley, P. C., & Ang, S. (2003). Cultural intelligence: Individual interactions across cultures. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Fein, S., & Spencer, S. J. (1997). Prejudice as self-image maintenance: Affirming the self through derogating others. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 73(1), 31–44.CrossRef

Fischlmayr, I. C., & Kollinger, I. (2010). Work-life balance: A neglected issue among Austrian female expatriates. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(4), 455–487.CrossRef

Fiske, S. T., & Neuberg, S. L. (1990). A continuum of impression formation, from category-based to individuating pro cess: Influences of information and motivation of attention and interpretation. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 1–74). New York: Academic Press.

Harrison, E., & Michailova, S. (2012). Working in the Middle East: Western female expatriates’ experiences in the United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(3), 625–644.CrossRef

Hofstede, G. (1997). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind. New York: McGraw Hill.

House R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Howe-Walsh, L., & Schyns, B. (2010). Self-initiated expatriation: Implications for HRM. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(2), 260–273.CrossRef

Hutchings, K., Metcalfe, B. D., & Cooper, B. (2010). Exploring Middle Eastern women’s perceptions of barriers to, and facilitators of, international management opportunities. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(1), 61–83.CrossRef

Hutchings, K., Lirio, P., & Metcalfe, B. D. (2012). Gender, globalisation and development: A re-evaluation of the nature of women’s global work. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(9), 1763–1787.CrossRef

Inkson, K., Arthur, M. B., Pringle, J., & Barry, S. (1997). Expatriate assignment versus overseas experience: Contrasting models of international human resource development. Journal of World Business, 32(4), 351–368.CrossRef

Insch, G. S., McIntyre, N., & Napier, N. K. (2008). The expatriate glass ceiling: The second layer of glass. Journal of Business Ethics, 83(1), 19–28.CrossRef

Jenner, S. R. (1982). Analyzing cultural stereotypes in multinational business: United States and Australia. Journal of Management Studies, 19(3), 307–325.CrossRef

Johnson, E. C., Kristol-Brown, A. L., Van Vianen, A. E. M., De Pater, I. E., & Klein, M. R. (2003). Expatriate social ties: Personality antecedents and consequences for adjustment. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 11(4), 277–288.CrossRef

Judd, C. M., & Park, B. (1988). Out-group homogeneity: Judgments of variability at the individual and group levels. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 54(5), 778–788.CrossRef

Lansing, P., & Boonman, P. (2011). Selecting candidates for expatriation: Is it unethical for companies to use gender as a factor. Employee Relations Law Journal, 37(2), 2–15.

Levy, O., Beechler, S., Taylor, S., & Boyacigiller, N. A. (2007). What we talk about when we talk about ‘global mindset’: Managerial cognition in multinational corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(2), 231–258.CrossRef

Macrae, N. C., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2000). Social cognition: Thinking categorically about others. Annual Review of Psychology, 51(1), 93–120.CrossRef

Macrae, N. C., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2001). Social cognition: Categorical person perception? British Journal of Psychology, 92(1), 239–255.CrossRef

Macrae, N. C., Bodenhausen, G. V., Milne, A. B., Thorn, T. M. J., & Castelli, L. (1997). On the activation of social stereotypes: The moderating role of processing objectives. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 33(5), 471–489.CrossRef

Mäkelä, L., Suutari, V., & Mayerhofer, H. (2011). Lives of female expatriates: Work-life balance concerns. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 26(4), 256–274.CrossRef

Menzies, J. L. (2009). Women in international assignments in multinational enterprises: An exploration of their participation. VDM-Verlag: Germany.

Metcalfe, B. D. (2006). Exploring cultural dimensions of gender and management in the Middle East. Thunderbird International Business Review, 48(1), 93–107.CrossRef

Metcalfe, B. D. (2008). Women, management and globalization in the Middle East. Journal of Business Ethics, 83(1), 85–100.CrossRef

Metcalfe, B. D. (2011). Women, empowerment and development in Arab Gulf states: A critical appraisal of governance, culture and national human resource development (HRD) frameworks. Human Resource Development International, 14(2), 131–148.CrossRef

Mor Barak, M. E. (2005). Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage: Thousand Oaks.

Napier, N., & Taylor, S. (1995). Western women working in Japan: Breaking corporate barriers. Quorum Press: Westport.

Ronen, S., & Shenkar, O. (1985). Clustering countries on attitudinal dimensions: A review and synthesis. Academy of Management Review, 10(3), 435–454.

Selmer, J. (2005). Is bigger better? Size of the location and expatriate adjustment in China. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(7), 1228–1242.CrossRef

Shortland, S. (2009). Gender diversity in expatriation: Evaluating theoretical perspectives. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 24(5), 365–386.CrossRef

Shortland, S. (2011). Networking: A valuable career intervention for women expatriates? Gender in Management, 16(3), 271–292.

Siljanen, T., & Lambsa, A. (2009). The changing nature of expatriation: Exploring cross-cultural adaptation through narrativity. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20(7), 1468–1486.CrossRef

Sims, R., & Schraeder, M. (2005). Expatriate compensation. Career Development International, 10(2), 98–108.CrossRef

Stahl, G. K., Miller, E. L., & Tung, R. L. (2002). Toward the boundaryless career: A closer look at the expatriate career concept and the perceived implications of an international assignment. Journal of World Business, 37(3), 216–227.CrossRef

Stalker, B., & Mavin, S. (2011). Learning and development experiences of self-initiated expatriate women in the United Arab Emirates. Human Resource Development International, 14(3), 273–290.CrossRef

Stening, B. W., Everett, J. E., & Longton, P. A. (1983). Managerial stereotypes in Singaporean subsidiaries of multinational corporations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 1(1), 56–64.CrossRef

Suutari, V., & Mäkelä, K. (2007). The career capital of managers with global careers. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(7), 628–648.CrossRef

Tashakkori, A., & Teddlie, C. (1998). Mixed methodology: Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Tharenou, P. (2008). Disruptive decisions to leave home: Gender and family differences in expatriation choices. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 105(2), 183–200.CrossRef

Tharenou, P. (2009). Women’s self-initiated expatriation as a career option and its ethical issues. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(1), 73–88.CrossRef

Thompson, C. J., & Tambyah, S. K. (1999). Trying to be cosmopolitan, Journal of Consumer Research, 26(3), 214–241.CrossRef

Tung, R. (1998). American expatriates abroad: From neophytes to cosmopolitans. Journal of World Business, 33(2), 125–144.CrossRef

Tung, R. (2004). Female expatriates: The model global manager? Organizational Dynamics, 33(3), 243–253.CrossRef

Turner, J. C. (1975). Social comparison and social identity: Some prospects for intergroup behaviour. European Journal of Social Psychology, 5(1), 5–34.CrossRef

UAE Interact. (2010). http://expo2010.uaeinteract.com/CultureUAE/CulturalOrganisations.aspx. Accessed 27 Nov 2010.

Weir, D., & Hutchings, K. (2005). Cultural filtering in the Arab World and China: Exploring the interrelationship of the technological knowledge age and traditional cultural networking and interpersonal connections. In S. G. M. van de Bunt-Kokhuis & M. Bolger (Eds.), World wide work (pp. 129–142). The Hague: Free University of the Netherlands.

Wilder, D. A. (1981). Perceiving persons as a group: Categorization and ingroup relations. In D. L. Hamilton (Ed.), Cognitive processes in stereotyping and intergroup behavior (pp. 213–257). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.

Wittenbrink, B., Hilton, J. L., & Gist, P. L. (1998). In search of similarity: Stereotypes as naive theories in social categorization. Social Cognition, 16(1), 31–55.CrossRef

Titel: Neither Ghettoed Nor Cosmopolitan
A Study of Western Women’s Perceptions of Gender and Cultural Stereotyping in the UAE
verfasst von: Prof. Kate Hutchings
Prof. Snejina Michailova, PhD
Edelweiss C. Harrison, MIB
Publikationsdatum: 01.04.2013
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Management International Review / Ausgabe 2/2013
Print ISSN: 0938-8249
Elektronische ISSN: 1861-8901
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-012-0144-1

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Management International Review

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2013

The Industry-focused International Strategy

Research on the Import Activities of Firms 1960–2010

Family Management and Internationalization: The Impact on Firm Performance and Innovation

Practicing what We Preach

Biblio Service

Revisiting the Trust-performance Link in Strategic Alliances

Premium Partner