Timothy Bickmore
Daniel Mauer
ABSTRACT
In this paper we describe the design of a relational agent interface for handheld computers and the results of a study exploring the effectiveness of different user-agent interaction modalities. Four different agent output modalities-text only, static image plus text, animated, and animated plus nonverbal speech-are compared and their impact on the ability of the agent to establish a social bond with the user, the perceived credibility of information delivered, and user acceptance is evaluated. Subjects ranked the two animated versions of the system higher on all measures.
- Bickmore, T., Towards the Design of Multimodal Interfaces for Handheld Conversational Characters, CHI'02, 2002, pp. 788--789. Google Scholar
Digital Library
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- Cassell, J., Sullivan, J., Prevost, S., and Churchill, E., Eds., Embodied Conversational Agents, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2000.Google Scholar
- Cassell, J., Vilhjálmsson, H., and Bickmore, T., BEAT: The Behavior Expression Animation Toolkit, SIGGRAPH '01, 2001, pp. 477--486. Google ScholarDigital Library
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- Vilhjálmsson, H., *Avatar Augmented Online Conversation, Media Arts & Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 2003.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Modalities for building relationships with handheld computer agents
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