Editorial Notes
This paper was originally published as https://doi.org/10.1145/800193.569955.
ABSTRACT
This paper describes the representation, animation and data collection techniques that have been used to produce "realistic" computer generated half-tone animated sequences of a human face changing expression. It was determined that approximating the surface of a face with a polygonal skin containing approximately 250 polygons defined by about 400 vertices is sufficient to achieve a realistic face. Animation was accomplished using a cosine interpolation scheme to fill in the intermediate frames between expressions. This approach is good enough to produce realistic facial motion. The three-dimensional data used to describe the expressions of the face was obtained photogrammetrically using pairs of photographs.
- Coons, S. A., "Surfaces for Computer Aided Design of Space Forms", M.I.T., Cambridge, Mass., Project MAC Report MAC-TR-41, June 1967. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mahl, R., "Visible Surface Algorithm for Quadric Patches", Computer Science, University of Utah, Technical Report UTEC-CSc-70-111, December 1970.Google Scholar
- Weiss, R. A., "Be Vision, A Package of IBM 7090 Fortran Programs to Draw Orthographic Views of Combinations of Plane and Quadric Surfaces", JACM, vol. 13, April 1966, pp. 194-204. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Gouraud, H., "Computer Display of Curved Surfaces", Computer Science, University of Utah, Technical Report UTEC-CSc-71-113, June 1971.Google Scholar
- Wylie, C., Romney, G., Evans, D., and Erdahl, A., "Half-tone Perspective Drawing by Computer", Proc FJCC, vol. 31, pp. 49-58, 1967.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Appel, A., "The Notion of Quantitative Invisibility and the Machine Rendering of Solids", Proc ACM, vol. 14, pp. 387-393, 1967. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kelley, K. C., "A Computer Program for the Generation of Half-Tone Images with Shadows", Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois, Report R-444, November 1969.Google Scholar
- Romeny, G. W., "Computer Assisted Assembly and Rendering of Solids", Rome Air Development Center, Griffiss Air Force Base, New York, Technical Report RADC-TR-69-365, September 1969.Google Scholar
- Rougelot, R. S. and Shoemaker, R., "G. E. Real Time Display", General Electric Co., Syracuse N. Y., NASA Report NAS 9-3916.Google Scholar
- Warnock, J. E., "A Hidden Surface Algorithm for Computer Generated Halftone Pictures", Computer Science, University of Utah, Technical Report 4-15, June 1969.Google Scholar
- Watkins, G. S., "A Real-Time Visible Surface Algorithm", Computer Science, University of Utah, Technical Report UTECH-CSc-70-101, June 1970.Google Scholar
- Coons, S. A., "Transformations and Matrices", Notes for the 1967 Summer School on Computer Graphics for Designers, University of Michigan, June 5-16, 1967.Google Scholar
- Ahuja, D. V. and Coons, S. A., "Geometry for Construction and Display", IBM Systems Journal, vol. 7, pp. 188-205, 1968.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Swinehart, D. and Sproull B., "SAIL", Stanford Artificial Intelligence Project Operating Note No. 57.1, April 1970.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Computer gernerated animation of faces
Recommendations
Computer generated animation of faces
ACM '72: Proceedings of the ACM annual conference - Volume 1This paper describes the representation, animation and data collection techniques that have been used to produce "realistic" computer generated half-tone animated sequences of a human face changing expression. It was determined that approximating the ...
Interactive facial animation with deep neural networks
Creating realistic animations of human faces is still a challenging task in computer graphics. While computer graphics (CG) models capture much variability in a small parameter vector, they usually do not meet the necessary visual quality. This is due to ...
Teaching 3D Computer Animation to Illustrators: The Instructor as Translator and Technical Director
An art instructor discusses the difficulties he's encountered teaching computer graphics skills to undergraduate art students. To help the students, he introduced an automated-rigging script for character animation.
Comments