Emerging Trends and Innovation in Business and Finance

The study aims to determine the dimensions of electronic customers’ relationship management E-CRM in Jordanian insurance companies. Three major determinants were detected, customer-related, e-service and website-focused, those three determinants were refined out of 128 determinants which again filtered to 28 determinants. The sample size of 60 customers was selected for a pilot test to ensure that the initial scale is reliable. The second questionnaires, based on 28 determinants, were distributed for 300 respondents, these customers are randomly selected; 283 questionnaires were returned with a response rate of 94%. SPSSAMOS® and G*power software’s were conducted to measure the generation, refinement and validation of determinant. The results indicated that E-CRM could be determined using three key constructs related to customers, electronic service, and website focused.

The study investigated the impact of social media marketing (SMM) on marketing performance (MP). The population of the study consistst of customers of auto lubricants companies in Amman, the capital city of Jordan. A convenient sample consisted of 384 customers were selected. IBM SPSS 24.0 have used to check the study hypotheses. The results found that social media has an impact on marketing performance (MP). Based on the study results a set of recommendations were set.

The study aims to test the impact of green branding on customers green consciousness toward green technology. The study population involves buyers who purchased green technology products in Amman, A convenience sample was selected through distributing our questionnaire face to face approach at different companies and places in Amman. The study hypothesis was tested using structural equation modeling (AMOS). The results show an impact of GB on customers green consciousness. Based on the study results, managers and decision makers recommended enhancing communication about their green and ecofriendly products attributes in order to gain the trust of their customers, and increase their customer purchase intentions.

This research aims to test the impact of artificial intelligence technologies on marketing performance. Customers of commercial banks in Jordan are the study population. A convenience samples was used to collect the study data.. The final sample of the study consisted of (401) answers. Statistical package (SPSS), moreover to the (AMOS) program used to test hypotheses. The results showed an impact of artificial intelligence on the marketing performance. The study recommended managers to promote the use of artificial intelligence technologies, which helps and facilitates the completion of services provided to customers, as the use of these technologies increases customer satisfaction with the performance of banks.

The objective of the study is to test the impact of digital marketing tools on customer interaction. The study population consisted of customers of Jordanian Telecommunications Companies. A convenience sample of (258) customers were chosen. The results of the study showed an impact of digital marketing tools on customer interaction. The study recommended following up with the latest methods and technologies that appear in digital marketing, especially in communication networks and Internet advertisements, to continue to achieve more interaction with customers.

The objective of this research aims is to identify impact of social media marketing on EWOM. The study population consisted of students at Jordanian private universities. Smart PLS software was used to test the study hypotheses. The results of the study showed an impact of Social Media Marketing on E-WOM. The researchers recommend managers to activate marketing via social media and the electronic spoken word by enhancing interaction and effective communication between the online store and the customer and listening to their suggestions and opinions.

The present study tries to test the impact of marketing throughout social media on the mental image of electronic stores. The population of this study consisted of customers of electronic stores in Jordan, which depends on social media in marketing their products. Structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test hypotheses. The statistical analysis results found an effect of marketing via social media on mental image. According to the results reached recommends to improve the mental image of electronic stores and activate marketing via social media (SM) to enhance the organizational reputation and improve the mental image.

This study examine the impact of digital marketing tools (DMT) on the customer loyalty (CL) of Jordanian Islamic banks. (Google) forms was used by the researchers to distribute a sample of (370) customers of Jordanian Islamic banks. The quantitative approach was used in this study and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test hypotheses. The study found an impact of digital marketing (DM) on customer loyalty in Jordanian Islamic banks. In the light of study result, the study recommends to strengthening the social media in Jordanian Islamic banks with interactive and instant chat tools to promote their products and services and communicate with their customers.

The study aimed to test the impact of social customer relationship management on achieving sustainable competitive advantage. The research population is all customers of Jordanian commercial banks. A Convenience sample was taken. SPSS and AMOS software was used to test hypotheses. The results showed an impact of social customer relationship management on sustainable competitive advantage of the commercial banks in Jordan. The researcher suggested that a unit be established to handle complaints in order to speed up service related to services, identify problems and diagnose them, identify areas of weakness in the bank’s operations.

The study aims to know the Impact of Emotional Intelligence (EI) on Marketing Performance (MP). The population of this study consisted of customers in commercial banks in Jordan. A convenience method was conducted to get the study data to follow the comprehensive survey method. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to check the hypotheses of this study. It was found that there is a statistically significant effect for the emotional intelligence on marketing performance in commercial banks in Jordan. According to the result of this study, the researcher recommends to all bank officials and decision makers in all commercial banks in Jordan to give great attention from bank administrations to deal seriously with customer suggestions and complaints.

The study came to test the impact of the integrated marketing communications on achieving the competitive advantage of private universities in Jordan. The population of this study consists of, administrators and faculty members working in the Department of public relations and Marketing, and employees of the admission and registration department in Jordanian private universities. A random sampling was selected mounted (384). The results indicated that there is an impact of marketing communications on achieving the competitive advantage of Jordanian private universities. According to the results of the study, the researchers recommended all officials and decision makers to in order to increase interest in students, study their characteristics and understand their different motives in order to maintain their share and position among competitors in the market.

The research is designed to test the impact of internal marketing practices on continuous commitment. The study population consisted of customers of Jordanian telecommunications companies. Structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the hypotheses. The study showed an effect of internal marketing practices on continuous commitment. The researchers recommend management to apply internal marketing practices that lead to employee adherence and increase their desire to stay in the workplace.

The research aims to study the impact of marketing through social media (SM) on achieving customer value. The study population represented the customers of companies selling and manufacturing cosmetic products in Jordan that depend on social media on marketing. SPSS and AMOS software was used by the researcher. The statistically significant results showed the impact of marketing through SM on achieving customer value (CV). The study recommended raising awareness of the importance of marketing through SM with attention to the areas of safety, confidentiality and privacy, and holding training and rehabilitation programs and workshops.

The aim of the study is to identify the role of digital promotion in enhancing the image of Jordanian Islamic banks. The study population consisted of clients of the Islamic International Arab Bank., with the sample size determined by simple random sampling. Structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the hypotheses. The study results showed an impact of digital promotion on the mental image. Based on the aforementioned findings of the study, the study recommends the need to increase the interest of the Islamic Arab Bank in digital promotion as an important element in its marketing operations, and relies on it a lot in its marketing strategies.

This study came to test the role of digital public relations in improving the mental image of the Jordanian Duty Free Company. The study population includes all customers of the Jordanian Duty Free Shops Company, with the sample size determined by simple random sampling. The study followed the quantitative approach using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the hypotheses. The study found that there is an impact of digital public relations in improving the mental image. According to the results, the recommendations of the study is activating the digital public relations means for the customers of the Jordanian Duty Free Shop Company.

The current study came to shed light on the role of public policy-making in the strategic performance according to the balanced scorecard model. Therefore, it was focused on the Executive Council of Karak Governorate in Jordan. A random sample of (84) respondent. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test hypotheses. The results demonstrated that public policy-making has a positive impact on the strategic performance. Based on the previous results, the current study recommends reinforcing the principle of participation in drawing up public policies in the governorate in a better way than what is currently practiced.

This research explores the impact of talent management on corporate entrepreneurship in emerging markets, with Jordan as an example. The empirical research data was collected from 454 managers in entrepreneurial organizations in various sectors of the Jordanian economy with an 86.97% response rate of the total distributor. The research applied structural equation modeling as a statistical approach to analysing the primary research data. The results that talent management practices have been shown to have a significant impact on corporate entrepreneurship. Therefore, a set of recommendations were provided to managers of entrepreneurial organizations.

Digital eras convert the way of work and make it easy for all industries including marketing. The emergence of artificial intelligence technology and machine learning technology leads marketing beyond digital marketing to intelligent digital marketing. In intelligent digital marketing, the company will be able to classify the customers based on their preferences, which ends up having different segmentations for customers. A chatbot is a tool that was discussed in this research to provide customer service to the customers. Chatbots depending on artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processors can provide 24/7 services to customers. Other than chatbot benefits to help customers, it will help the company to understand customer needs and to target the required segment of customers for the specific service or product. Chatbot also has some limitations and user resistance which the researcher believes will shrink over time. Digital marketing is a huge industry that impacts both the customer and the company. Focusing on digital marketing with the use of artificial intelligence will create a new way of competitiveness and will create a data market. This paper focused on highlighting both digital marketing and chatbot as artificially intelligent tools to support the customer in digital marketing. The paper covers many facts and theories about this topic.

The study aims to test the impact of customers green consciousness on customers purchase intention. The Population of the study consisted of all buyers who purchased green technology products in Amman; a convenience sample was selected through distributing our questionnaire face-to-face approach at different companies and places in Amman. The study hypothesis was tested using structural equation modeling (AMOS). The results of the analysis show that there is an effect of customers green consciousness on customers purchase intentions. According to the findings, managers must improve their green brand positioning, image, and awareness to increase their green purchasing intentions in this ecological era.

The objective of the research is to examine the impact of creative behavior on achieving marketing ingenuity. The study population was limited to a category (branch manager, department head, division head and administrator) of the commercial banks workers, and the number of questionnaires valid for statistical analysis was (356) questionnaire. (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the hypotheses. The results of the study concluded that creative behavior has an impact on marketing ingenuity. The study recommends to enhancing Originality in the work of their employees by enabling employees to complete the tasks assigned to them in a renewed manner.

The feasibility of this study is high. It aims to explore the effectiveness of SMM in the fashion retail industry, which is a relevant and timely topic. The research objectives and questions are clearly defined, and the study will use a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies to provide insights and recommendations for businesses. There are also reliable sources of data and information available on this topic, making the study feasible to conduct.

This literature review explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in brand building and the challenges and opportunities associated with its implementation. With the increasing availability of data and advances in machine learning techniques, AI has become a powerful tool for businesses to enhance their brand building efforts. The review examines the existing literature on the use of AI in brand building, including its potential to improve customer engagement, personalize marketing strategies, and optimize brand messaging. However, the review also highlights the challenges associated with AI implementation, such as the need for high-quality data, potential biases in algorithms, and the risk of losing the human touch in brand interactions. Through a comprehensive analysis of the literature, this review provides insights into the current state of AI in brand building and identifies areas for future research.

This literature review examines the relationship between e-commerce and entrepreneurship in Bahrain. The review explores the theoretical perspectives, empirical evidence, government policies, successful case studies, challenges, and opportunities of e-commerce for entrepreneurship in Bahrain. The review finds that e-commerce presents opportunities for entrepreneurship by providing access to new markets, reducing transaction costs, and enabling more efficient business processes. However, challenges such as limited access to finance and human resources and addressing trust and security issues in online transactions need to be addressed. The review suggests that policymakers and entrepreneurs need to develop effective strategies for leveraging e-commerce platforms to create new opportunities for entrepreneurship and overcome these challenges. The review concludes that Bahrain's future economic growth and success will depend on the continued development and effective utilization of e-commerce.

The study aimed to investigate ChatGPT and its powerful artificial intelligence program in natural language processing which considered as one of its most impressive capabilities is generating human-like output after analyzing human inputs, starting from language translation and text summarization to search and automation. The results indicated that the application works on responding quickly to customer inquiries and requests, the more satisfied they are and the more likely they will choose the brand again and again. ChatGPT has a much higher response rate than some traditional marketing tools with a rate of interaction with customers, and it is always easier and faster to respond to customers in their mother tongues, and for this reason the developers of ChatGPT worked on training the application in several languages in order to be able to respond to users in their mother tongues and provide A more personalized and efficient customer experience.

One of the essential elements of a successful business is advertising. This study aims to obtain evidence that field studies of commercial advertising will continue in recent years. To answer this question, we have successfully obtained a series of data and information searches on several publication databases in academic scientific publications, books, and media websites that discuss advertising issues. The results of the study indicated that commercial advertising, especially on social networking sites, has become an essential part of any marketing plan on the Internet today, and that the advantages of marketing through social networking sites are so many that not using this effective means to promote products and services at the lowest cost fits the budget of new companies. It is also indicated that the most marketing means that results in an increase in the number of customers who make purchases and thus increases sales and profits.

This abstract gives an overview of the value of human capital in the Kingdom of Bahrain, with a focus on small and medium-sized firms (SMEs). It highlights the Bahraini government's measures to foster human capital development and entrepreneurship in the country, such as the PM Fellowship Program and the establishment of the SMEs Development Board. The abstract also delves into the concept of human capital and its significance in SME success, focusing on the link between entrepreneurial ability, human capital, and business performance. It also goes over the various components of entrepreneurial competence, such as opportunity competence, relational competence, organizing competence, conceptual competence, strategic capability competence, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The abstract closes by underlining the importance of good human resource management in SMEs in order to achieve company objectives and overcome problems in a constantly changing business environment.

The current research examined the impact of electronic human resource management on workforce agility in the Jordanian banking sector. The research used experimental data through a survey distributed to 559 employees for Jordanian commercial banks at various administrative levels, which formed a response rate of 78.3%. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied as a statistical analysis approach to the collected data. The research concluded that electronic human resources management had a positive impact on workforce agility, as e-recruiting had the greatest effect, while e-performance appraisal had the least effect. Accordingly, the research emphasized the necessity of adopting a change management approach and seamless integration of electronic human resources management through comprehensive training programs and addressing any concerns or resistance to change.

This manuscript investigates the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on corporate ambidexterity. The research relied on primary data gathered from 374 responses from commercial bank managers in Jordan. Structured equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine data and test hypotheses. According to the findings, the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation, which were innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness, positively impacted the corporate ambidexterity of commercial banks in Jordan. Hence, the manuscript provided a set of recommendations for bank managers that include encouraging a culture that values innovation and supports it on a large scale, including building an internal climate in which workers feel free to put forward and discuss new ideas, as well as experiment with modern methods to deal with the status quo.

The aim of this reaearch was to examine the impact of electronic human resource management practices on employee commitment in five stars’ hotels in Jordan. The study's population was comprised of employees of several hotels. 385 surveys were gathered, with 373 of them being valid for analysis. Multi-regression was employed to test hypotheses. The study findings indicated that there is an impact of E-HRM practices on employee commitment in Jordan's five-star hotels. In light of the findings, the researcher proposes that managers increase their investment in E-HRM and improve e-compensation.

The objective of this research is to test the effect of human resource management practices on organizational commitment. The study population consisted of doctors working at Jordanian private hospitals, which are located in the capital of Jordan (Amman) that provide healthcare services. Structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the hypotheses. The results of the study showed a significant impact of human resource management practices on organizational commitment. The researchers recommend managers to provide training for employees as a form of support for them by management, which makes them more committed to their organizations.

This research aims to test the effect of managing diversity in human resources on the quality of work life. It was focused on telecommunications companies in Jordan. A random sample of (1066) respondent. Structural equation modeling (SEM) to test hypotheses. The results indicated an effect of the diversity of human resources in the telecommunications companies on the quality of work life. Researchers recommend managers to spread the culture of diversity and difference among employees in telecommunications companies due to the many advantages that these companies obtain as a result of the different experiences, knowledge, and skills.

This research aims to examine the impact of transformational leadership style on the quality of work life. It focused on telecommunications companies in Jordan. A random sample of (1066) was drown. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine hypotheses. The statistics showed that transformational leadership affects the quality of work life. The researchers recommend that there be a appropriate system to promotion and career advancement in the Jordanian telecommunications companies to ensure the achievement of its goals and the aspirations of its employees.

This research came to test the impact of work teams on achieving success in entrepreneurial projects. A random sample of (850) respondent was choosen. This study was conducted structural equation modeling (SEM) to test hypotheses. The results show that work teams have an impact on the entrepreneurial strategic projects. The researchers recommend strengthening the trend towards increasing the dependence of entrepreneurial projects on work teams in executing tasks.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been implemented in HR Operations in different areas which includes employee engagement. Employee Engagement was highlighted to be the positive, loyal, and self-conscience behavior that employees have toward their organizations which helps to boost productivity and operational efficiencies and ultimately increase profits. Through the evolution of many motivation theories such as Theory X and Y, Workplace Generations Theory and Job-Demands Resources Theory, it was observed that employees are moving away from the traditional ways of motivation that are closely represented as carrot and a stick to a move participative approach where people have inputs to their task and duties, making these further motivating them since it helps them achieve their individual needs. Employee engagement was the next evolution in staff motivation and the much-needed adoption of AI in this area meant better and more efficient employee engagement which could help organizations achieve faster, more accurate results and more engaging results for it to maintain its competitive edge. The impact of artificial intelligence on employee engagement have had a positive response that have drastically been noticed in several areas that were highlighted by some of the studies.

This paper investigates how coaching impacts employee performance in Bahraini businesses. By looking at coaching creative and motivating intervening strategies that result in improved employee performance, it seeks to close the gap in the Bahrain market. In order to assess the impact of coaching on employee creativity and motivation, and subsequently on employee performance, this study utilized a qualitative case study technique within an exploratory framework. Quantitative research methodology will also be used in this investigation because through this strategy, this research can choose a survey method. The results of this investigation will help managers and scholars to reveal coaching in the Bahrain companies, its effects, and its implications on employee performance.

Since the days of tedious lectures and lengthy PowerPoints, corporate training has come a long way. Innovative approaches and digital technologies are currently revolutionizing the way businesses train their personnel. Companies can make training more interesting, dynamic, and successful by adding new tools and techniques. Despite the potential benefits of such strategies, businesses may confront a number of challenges. One of the issues is determining the best way of learning for personnel who are dealing with frequent changes in information. The purpose of this study is to measure the effectiveness of innovation approaches and digital technology in business training sustainability. This study is considered as explanatory and analytical research which investigate the relationship between innovative approaches and digital technology, and its effectiveness on the staff performance within business training. The data were analyzed using previous journals and articles of the study. The finding revealed that based on reviewed journals there is positive significant relationship between innovative approaches, digital technology and employee’s performance.

A workplace environment includes various elements that comprise the corporate settings that impact the employees and their performance. These elements include different aspect such as open and clear communication, provides growth opportunities, healthy work relationship, equity and rewarding system. Workplace environment plays an important character towards the employees’ productivity and performance. Creating a healthy workplace helps to increase the job satisfaction, morals, boost the productivity and performance, lowers the absenteeism numbers, and creates better relationship and bond between the employer and the employee. It is important to take into consideration the workplace environment of the corporation that contains collection of behavioral and situational factors that build and form the environment and atmosphere of the corporation. Majority of people spends more than fifty percent of their day and life in indoor atmosphere that affect and influence their actions, abilities, morals, mental status, engagement, productivity, and performance whether in a negative or a positive way.

The study aims to identify the role of governance in media institutions and the most important applications in which governance is used in these institutions, and the results revealed that free and responsible media are an active element in deepening the foundations of governance, through evaluating and evaluating government performance, and proposing solutions and alternatives to develop it, in order to enhance the approach of transparency, openness, contributes to enlightenment, education of public rights and freedoms, and activating their practice on the ground. The results also revealed the importance of using governance to deepen citizens’ ability to express their opinions and positions, within the rule of law, and in a manner that contributes to community service and the achievement of the public interest.

In recent years, the interest in using the big data to solve complex problems in different sectors using different methods has increased. The Analytical Hierarchy Approach “AHP” method is one of the most popular methods to scientifically classify the dataset. The main problem in implementing this method is the fact that the expert’s opinion is mandatory. Accordingly, this research aims to use the published Data to present the framework that will be followed to identify the factors that affect the occupational health and safety in the Bahrain construction industry. It started with the purpose and reasons that encourage in identifying and studying these factors. Secondly, lots of resources from the literature review that could be helpful in this research were discussed and the reference’s example were added at the end of this report. The Analytical Hierarchy Approach is going to be used in this research by the assistance of the Visual Basic in the “Excel”, where more elaboration on how it is going to be used can be found in the methodology. The published statistics from local authority are presented and discussed. To conclude, this research shall set the concrete foundation on how the “Big Data” are so beneficial to analyse the factors that effecting the occupational health and safety in Bahrain construction industry to decrease the occupational incidents.

Internet of Things (IoT) has entered all the product and service sectors around the world, even the educational services sector. And to cope with the rapid development of the technology, it has become necessary to integrate the IoT even in the vocational education domain in the public high schools, especially in those days and after the COVID-19 pandemic that changed the world totally. This paper aims mainly to analyze the effects of IoT on vocational education in the Bahraini public high schools, to determine the factors that hinder the application of IoT in vocational education in the Bahraini public high schools, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to suggest solutions to enhance the application of IoT in vocational education in the Bahraini public high schools. For conducting this research, a comparison between literature reviews and SWOT analysis as well as qualitative approaches have been followed. The results show that the IoT has a positive and significant effect on improving the quality of the services that are provided in the vocational education in the Bahraini public high schools, and to optimize its effects, more supportive regulations and rules are needed. This research paper provides a roadmap for the decision-makers in Bahrain for improving the application of the IoT in vocational education by showing the main obstacles and difficulties that exist. Also, this research can serve as a guideline and reference for future studies aiming to develop the practice and application of the IoT in education in any country and in the vocational education track.

With the introduction of the Internet and other types of electronic communication and information distribution, online education has developed over the course of its development, with four major periods in the process. E-learning's growing popularity in business, management, and education has contributed to increased levels of both productivity and efficiency in these fields. It also gives students the opportunity to learn at their own pace, gives them more control over their schedules and locations, reduces the costs of infrastructure and transportation, and saves money. The implementation of e-learning is a time-consuming and complicated process that requires information technology, emotional intelligence, and human resources. It is important to approach it in a logical manner because it might have both positive and bad consequences. This study demonstrates the factors that are necessary for e-learning, as well as the theoretical literature evaluation and the good and negative effects of e-learning.

The covid 19 pandemic has had a major impact on the aviation industry, causing disruption to global air travel and leading significant financial losses for airports and airlines. Due to the pandemic, demand for air travel has declined significantly, lockdowns, and travel restrictions. These stated factors led airlines to cancel flights, grounded aircrafts, and layoffs of employees. To mitigate this matter, the aviation industry had to be proactive and react rapidly to the changing situation and implement new measures in order to ensure business continuity. In this empirical study we will subject the cause and effect of financial losses and provide business strategies for future searches.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in the global economy, but they are also increasingly vulnerable to cyberattacks due to their limited resources and expertise in cybersecurity. Cyberattacks can have serious consequences for SMEs, including financial losses, reputational damage, and even bankruptcy. Therefore, it is essential for SMEs to be aware of the risks of cyberattacks and to implement effective cybersecurity measures to protect themselves. This research paper aims to investigate the impact of cyber security awareness on SMEs’ profitability and continuity in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The findings of this research paper are expected to contribute to the understanding of the importance of cyber security awareness for SMEs and the need for greater investment in this area. The research will highlight the challenges that SMEs face in implementing effective cybersecurity measures and the potential impact of cyberattacks on their profitability and continuity. The study will also provide recommendations for SMEs on how to improve their cyber security practices and mitigate the risks of cyberattacks. The research paper will make a significant contribution to the literature on cybersecurity awareness in SMEs and provide insights into the challenges and opportunities for SMEs in this area. The study will have important implications for policymakers, SME owners and managers, and other stakeholders interested in promoting the growth and sustainability of SMEs. By raising awareness of the importance of cybersecurity, SMEs can protect themselves from the increasing threat of cyberattacks and ensure their profitability and continuity.

This study will fill a knowledge gap in an academic report by looking at how successfully e-services were implemented in the public sector in order to provide services for citizens and how it was successful in adopting this approach rather than the traditional approach to meet the needs of citizens as a public organization and meet the citizens’ expectations, particularly the user’s expectation in regards to implementing the information system. The goal of this study is to determine if the implementation of offering services through electronic channels is successful and efficient in raising customer satisfaction, a goal shared by many public organizations with a governmental bent. The study continued by stating that customers are the public sector’s future workers and should always be satisfied with the online services the public sector offers.

This literature review explores the factors influencing Bahraini millennials’ attitudes toward entrepreneurship. The study analyzes the impact of education, culture, social support, personal values, and parental influence on the development of entrepreneurial attitudes among millennials in Bahrain. The findings indicate that education plays a crucial role in promoting entrepreneurship among Bahraini millennials, with entrepreneurship courses and training programs significantly influencing the development of entrepreneurial skills and attitudes. Social support, especially from family and peers, was found to be a critical element in motivating millennials to pursue entrepreneurship. Parental influence, including parental encouragement, support, and business experience, was also found to have a significant impact on millennials’ attitudes toward entrepreneurship. Policymakers, educators, and businesspeople can benefit from this conceptual framework to understand better and encourage an entrepreneurial mindset among millennials in Bahrain.

The importance of sustainability is increasing in many areas, including our homes. Although the adoption rate of smart home technologies is still lower than anticipated, smart home technologies are making an increasingly significant contribution to energy management, economics, and people’s quality of life. This research investigates the sustainable benefits of smart home technologies on individuals’ perception and behavior by proposing a theoretical model that is based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) model to determine the key determinants (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions and hedonic motivation).

The study aims to define the concept of digital public relations in the Middle East institutions, its roles, and tasks, identify the reality of digital public relations in various institutions, reveal the nature of the relationship between e-government and digital public relations, and clarify the technical aspects related to content management in digital public relations, and the study reached many results, from The most important of them: the importance of the role of public relations in the era of digital media and the strengthening of the interactive relationship between the public and institutions, the importance of the integrated communication process in a transforming digital world, and the role of modern digital means of communication in improving the work of institutions. The results also revealed that digital public relations in the Middle East institutions are responsible for creating and managing content creation. Digital, this is then used to attract the target audience.

Artificial intelligence (AI) represents a challenging subject for countries around the globe to apply within different sectors such as education, economy, and healthcare. Today, AI is being used to assist in the diagnostic and administrative process. However, since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an emergence in utilizing AI and robotics to protect healthcare workers from patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of AI to improve the working conditions of healthcare workers; healthcare workers are at significant risks of not only disease, but abuse and stress as well. This study reviews AI applications and AI strategies for the healthcare sector in Bahrain and AI contribution to marketing, and achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Benchmarking will be done with AI applications of healthcare for other countries. The study findings have revealed that Bahrain has an outstanding achievement in AI which will have the leverage to meet SDG goals 3 of “Good Health and Well-Being”, 11 of “Sustainable Cities and Communities”, and 15″ Life on Land” of 2030 Bahrain’s vision. On the other hand, further studies will be required for the development of applying AI to surgical precise treatment procedures to avoid human mistakes. In addition, an application should be launched for scheduling of delivery timing of medicine to patients. Furthermore, applying complex AI machine learning should be done within radiological scans sooner the better for identifying and defending malignant tumors.

The research discusses the sudden and significant development in the applications of artificial intelligence (GPT chat) in the field of mass communication, prompting us to study this application with the considerations raised by this application. As it is within a few years, media professionals may turn to these applications to accomplish their work, and they may also have negative effects on reducing the human media workforce and relying on it to accomplish various works. The results indicated that this application has been used to power chatbots, allowing them to provide more personalized responses and improve the user experience.

ChatGPT have been gaining popularity in the education sector worldwide, and many universities and other educational institutions have been exploring their potential benefits. One potential benefit of using ChatGPT in Gulf universities is to provide students with personalized assistance and support, particularly for those who face language barriers or other challenges. ChatGPT can help students navigate university systems and processes, answer questions about coursework or exams, and provide timely feedback and support. Another potential benefit is that ChatGPT can help alleviate the workload of university staff, freeing up time for more complex tasks. ChatGPT can handle routine inquiries and tasks, allowing faculty and staff to focus on more critical issues and provide more personalized support to students. However, it is essential to note that the implementation of ChatGPT in universities should be carefully planned and executed, taking into account the specific needs and circumstances of each institution.

Managing risk is crucial to maintain the financial industry stability. The past lessons learnt from previous financial crisis and bank failures bring the changes to financial risk management practice. Emerging technology carry new risks that threaten the financial industry if is not managed properly. The Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) is a replacement of the fiat currency to a digital currency. The financial risks expected to be affected positively or negatively by CBDC usage. Financial risk includes which include liquidity risk, cybersecurity risk, market risk, credit risk and operational risk. Basel framework and the central bank rulebook set the standards of financial risks management in the financial industry. The standards used to manage the financial risks include several types of risk measurements that the bank required to follow in order to adhere to the risk management standards. This measurement includes Value at Risk (‘VAR’), coverage ratio (‘LCR’) and net stable funding ratio (‘NSFR’). In this paper the measurement of the risk analyzed to understand the relationship between CBDC and the risk, and then the methods of assessing the risks used to test the applicability of usage of current financial risk management methods on the new introduced CBDC. Keywords: CBDC, Financial risk, risk management, CBB rulebook.

The technology known as blockchain has gained significant traction as the foundational infrastructure supporting the digital currency known as Bitcoin. Nevertheless, the advantages of this technology extend beyond its role in facilitating cryptocurrencies. Blockchain is a digital ledger that enables the recording of transactions between multiple parties in real time. It functions as a decentralized database where each participant maintains an identical copy of the ledger. The attractiveness of blockchain technology lies in its decentralized peer-to-peer network architecture, coupled with its cryptographic functionalities. The integration of this amalgamation empowers users to carry out transactions in the absence of a reliable third-party intermediary. According to (Alarcon and NG in Pennsylvania CPA J, 26–29, 2018), the potential advantages of blockchain technology in the field of accounting are particularly noteworthy. This is due to the fact that blockchain can facilitate a triple-entry accounting system, wherein all transactions are recorded in real-time, encrypted, and immutable with a time stamp. The objective of this Project is to conduct a comprehensive examination of existing literature pertaining to blockchain technology and evaluate its influence on the field of auditing.

The incorporation of fintech technology into the customs procedure appears to be transformative in terms of how governments collect money and handle commerce. Customs departments may increase security, efficiency, and cost-cutting by using the power of technology. Fintech systems provide real-time data on trade flows, allowing authorities to trace the transit of products and collect applicable levies on time. Fintech solutions will enhance transparency and decrease corruption in customs processes. Authorities may now monitor every transaction in real time and have a clear picture of the value of commodities imported and exported by automating the collection process. This removes the chance of corruption and fraud, guaranteeing that all money is properly accounted for. This has a favorable influence on the economy since it promotes a fair playing field and reduces economic uncertainty. Finally, the integration of fintech technologies in customs has resulted in several benefits such as better efficiency, lower costs, improved security, and transparency. This study will use a quantitative, descriptive research design. To explain the current status of phenomena or to investigate correlations between two or more variables. Descriptive statistics will be used in this study's data analysis and interpretation by SPSS program. The data, including the accuracy and speed of payments and the customer experience when making payments, will be described using descriptive statistics before and after Fintech technologies’ deployment.

Blockchain technology has become known as a groundbreaking achievement with the ability to have an impact on a wide range of sectors, including environmental sustainability. The purpose of this abstraction is to investigate the influence of blockchain technology on environmental sustainability in Bahrain. Bahrain, being a fast-expanding country, must cope with the environmental issues related to energy consumption, waste management, and carbon emissions. Blockchain technology provides a decentralized and transparency framework that can successfully solve these challenges. For instance, the immutability and transparency of blockchain enable the development of dependable structures for tracking and overseeing the environmental resources and processes. Environmental data concerning energy consumption, waste management, and water usage may be collected, validated, and shared across stakeholders in a safe and impermeable way using smart contracts and IoT sensors. Furthermore, blockchain technology makes it easier to integrate renewable energy sources and create distributed energy trading systems. Both individuals and organizations may use this to create, distribute, and exchange renewable energy, establishing a decentralized and sustainable energy environment. This literature review aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of blockchain technology on environmental sustainability and provide insights into the potential benefits and drawbacks of using blockchain technology for environmental sustainability in Bahrain.

As the world continues to embrace digital transformation, ensuring human safety and security in an increasingly interconnected society remains a critical concern. Bahrain, a progressive nation at the forefront of technological advancements, recognizes the potential of blockchain technology to address these challenges effectively. This abstract explores the role of blockchain in enhancing human safety and security through tracing mechanisms implemented in Bahrain. Blockchain, a decentralized and immutable ledger, provides a transparent and tamper-resistant platform for data management and secure transactions. Bahrain has implemented innovative tracing solutions to improve human safety and security. Blockchain is used in vital sectors such as healthcare, supply chain, and identity management to create a robust ecosystem that fosters trust, accountability, and efficiency. Blockchain-enabled tracing systems have revolutionized patient data management in the healthcare sector, ensuring secure access to patient information, reduce errors, improve treatment accuracy, and safeguard patient confidentiality. These systems also help monitor and protect public health. In supply chain management, blockchain technology has empowered Bahrain to establish end-to-end traceability, combating counterfeiting, fraud, and ensuring the safety of goods and commodities. By implementing blockchain-based systems, stakeholders gain real-time visibility into the movement of products, verifying their authenticity, origin, and quality. This enhances consumer trust, prevents illicit activities, and promotes ethical business practices. Blockchain has enabled secure identity management systems, protecting individuals' personal information and preventing identity theft. Bahrain's blockchain-powered identity solutions provide a decentralized approach, giving individuals control over their digital identities while maintaining privacy and security. This ensures seamless and trusted interactions in the digital realm while minimizing the risk of fraud and unauthorized access. Blockchain technology is being used to improve safety and security in sectors such as healthcare, supply chain and identity management, creating a safer and more secure environment for citizens. It ensures transparency, accountability and integrity, paving the way for a digitally empowered future where individuals can thrive with confidence.

This paper introduces an architecture to improve the pharmaceutical supply chain's security by using the Internet of Things, semantic web, and blockchain. This architecture increases transparency and visibility of drug flows and improves the representation of the increasing amounts of data that have been generated from pharmaceutical supply chain transactions. The pharmaceutical companies have problems dealing with the complexity of their supply chains, which represent the full life cycle of drugs from extracting raw materials, production, distribution, tracking of drugs, and quality assurance to use by patients. They need to create an efficient, effective, transparent, immutable, and secured supply chains to achieve a competitive advantage in a fast-changing market. In recent years, blockchain technology has emerged and gained considerable attention due to its reliability and secure data sharing capabilities in various domains such as supply chain management, finance, the internet of things, agriculture, food, healthcare, and pharmaceutical industries. The track of pharmaceutical supply chains has become more critical in the health society in any country or region to ensure the proper trackability and safety of medicines. With time, it has become more complex and costly to track thousands of various medical products. Without a proper supply chain system, there is a possibility of the availability of counterfeit drugs. Building a traceability system over a blockchain platform would provide a trusted and secured method to track and trace the medical supply chain from the manufacturer to the patient. This work proposes a traceability system for pharmaceutical products in Bahrain using blockchain technology to maintain the integrity of the data of such sensitive valuable products. In addition to this, different pharmaceutical workflows have been designed and implemented using the Ethereum blockchain platform.

This essay offers a thorough analysis of the literature on blockchain technology's application in the finance industry. The study looks at how blockchain affects several financial services like lending, trade finance, and payments and remittances. The article outlines the main advantages of blockchain technology, including transparency, security, immutability, and decentralization, and explores how they may revolutionize the financial sector. The assessment also examines the various applications of blockchain in the financial sector globally. The study concludes that although blockchain technology has the potential to disrupt the financial industry, its successful deployment necessitates stakeholder cooperation, regulatory clarity, and a thorough comprehension of its advantages and disadvantages. Policymakers, financial institutions, and other stakeholders who want to use blockchain technology to enhance financial services and advance financial inclusion should take note of the study’s conclusions.

Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) have been used by many organizations, then it was developed to be associated with managerial accounting and decision making. ERP has gone through a lot of developments in the past years. As advanced as ERP is, it still has limitation to provide evolving competitive advantage to the bursting technological market today. The raise and development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and how it could be beneficial for organizations to automate and digitize certain processes in the field of accounts. AI, however, have not spread as fast as expected due to challenges managerial accountants anticipating in the face of AI integration on ERP, since ERP success rate of implementation is still objectively low. There are many advantages and benefits for having ERP and AI in decision making, despite the focus on human unemployment expected to raise, but it can shift careers within accounting sector and business in general.

Accounting activities are shown in the financial reports of banks, while the relevant literature has found that creative accounting highly impacts the quality of financial reporting. However, previous studies indicated the limited impacts of creative accounting determinants on the quality of financial reporting, whereas the phenomenon of financial reporting quality is still on the track of generating renewed research interest. A deductive research approach driven by a survey questionnaire was used as the research methodology to attain the objectives. Accordingly, purposive sampling was used to collect responses from 63 employees of Arab Bank—Bahrain. The data were analyzed statistically using the SPSS. The results show significant impacts of new technologies on financial reporting quality. Which includes the results of developing financial reports in the high quality of the data presented in the financial reports, as it reduced the time and effort spent in preparing these reports.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the technological advancement boom that has been introduced in every aspect of businesses worldwide and it is becoming an important part of conducting all types of professions. AI had an impact on business units within organizations including accounting profession. There is a relationship between AI and the accounting profession as application of AI in performing the repetitive accounting tasks has a positive impact on the accounting profession. It contributed to saving time for the time-consuming tasks that required to be performed and done on a day-to-day basis. However, leadership had an effect and played a moderate role in enhancing the relationship between AI and accounting profession, especially the digital leadership as it combines providing the supportive environment and the technology in the workplace. This effect led to a positive impact towards employees as it led to improving employees’ behavior, increasing their productivity, upgrading their skills, accepting new challenges, and adding value to their knowledge and work experience. AI is the next evolution in performing accounting tasks and it is an essential adoption to keep up with the dynamic technological advancement that will also help the organizations to gain competitive advantage. And the on-going support and guidance of digital leadership will further enhance gaining advantages to achieve the organizational goals and objectives.

This research paper focuses on the impact of electronic payment methods, specifically credit and debit cards, on point-of-sale transactions and the consumer price index. There is a belief that the widespread use of electronic channels for payments has the potential to replace cash in retail transactions and increase the velocity of money. This is expected to occur by reducing transaction costs and improving the liquidity of financial assets. However, an increase in the velocity of money may lead to inflationary pressures that can have negative effects on the country’s economic system. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between electronic payment usage and its potential effects on the consumer price index, while economic growth has traditionally been linked to electronic payments, the electronic payment system can continue expanding and meeting the needs of the population in Bahrain. This growth is driven by both inflation and economic growth, indicating the potential for further development and adoption of electronic payment methods in the country.

As the technology leads the whole world, companies must adapt to the newest technology in order to get a better performance and results. Plenty of companies were enforced to exit the market due to failing in applying latest technology because of the difficulties they faced and lacks of knowledge. However, the continuity of applying technology results in massive databases with a lot of information. To get benefit from those big data, technology introduced a method called data mining which considered to a field under computer science major. Data mining (DM) can be defined as extraction and analysis of huge data to get a beneficial information that can be used in decision making and prediction. In addition, data mining has several techniques such as; Association, classification, clustering, decision tree and prediction. DM is applied in very important fields such health, customer relation, accounting, and banking. This paper illustrates the application, opportunities, and challenges of applying data mining in accounting and banking.

The Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is one of the key tools used for data extraction for the purpose of meeting the managerial accounting requirements. Due to globalization and competition in the market, the financial and non-financial aspects need to be analyzed to meet the organizational objectives. Concepts such as Big Data supports on processing millions of data points for the purpose of maintaining the competitive edge in the market. One of the main resources of big data is the ERP system in which large number of data can be extracted and analyzed at the same time. This will support decision making and both strategic and business moves. The digitalization played a major role in the improvement of the business analytics, leading to key accounting decisions. Many other tools such as the Accounting Information System (AIS) has been contemplated as key tools for meeting the organizational performance. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the importance of data analytics used in managerial accounting for improving the competitive edge of corporations. Moreover, it will provide insight on critical system tools such as the ERP system which accommodate big data and provide accurate and detailed analysis. The research will also highlight the importance of digital transformation and the different types of business data analytics.

The research’s main Idea is to estimate the components of intellectual capital (IC) and how it influences corporate prosperity. It also examines whether the practices of management accounting (POMA) have effects on IC. “To characterize intellectual capital and its three components, as well as how the IC was impacted by the practice management accounting, a literature review was used”. “The study also looks into how the IC affects corporate performance. Journals and business websites were utilized to inspect the effectiveness of IC on the corporate. The outcome of reviewing several studies; shows that IC has an impact on business performance in different ways; encompassing enhancing the Advantage over rivals, promoting invention, improve employee effectiveness which leads to developing organizational function. Financial directors may take advantage of this kind of subject.

Big data has grown quickly in recent years, and it will specifically affect how management accounting develops. Recognizing big data's impact on management accounting and utilizing its key advantages scientifically are crucial to assure the discipline's smooth development. Enterprise transformation presents both possibilities and difficulties for management accounting development. To maximize the role of management accounting, enterprises must utilize big data technology. Combining management accounting and big data has become fundamental in this process, and big data technology can meet this need. Therefore, using big data will inevitably become a trend in the evolution of management accounting. This research paper examines the challenges and opportunities facing the growth of management accounting in the big data era by reporting on the background information of management accounting and big data, respectively. Reveals that there are still certain difficulties in the development of management accounting.

Unquestionably, all nations’ top priorities are international peace and long-term, sustainable economic growth. The objective of this study is to scientifically assess how Jordan's military spending has affected economic development between 1970 and 2020. The current study defined a growth equation proposed by Solow based on the body of knowledge already available on growth theories. As a result, we add to the empirical literature in this work by utilizing the OLS approach to investigate the connection between military spending and economic growth. As a result, the goal of this study is to examine the relationship between military spending and economic development in Jordan from 1970 to 2020. Jordan has a rapidly rising economy and a middle-level military budget. According to the empirical findings, military spending has little effect on GDP. Additionally, the result indicates that the macro factors each represents (GDP per Capita, Gross Capital Formation, and Population Growth) have a favorable influence on GDP in Jordan.