Skip to main content
Top

2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

A Review of Star Schema and Snowflakes Schema

Authors : M. Zafar Iqbal, Ghulam Mustafa, Nadeem Sarwar, Syed Hamza Wajid, Junaid Nasir, Shaista Siddque

Published in: Intelligent Technologies and Applications

Publisher: Springer Singapore

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In the new age, digital data is the most important source of acquiring knowledge. For this purpose, collect data from various sources like websites, blogs, webpages, and most important databases. Database and relational databases both provide help to decision making in the future work. Nowadays these approaches become time and resource consuming there for new concept use name data warehouse. Which can analyze many databases at a time on a common plate from with very efficient way. In this paper, we will discuss the database and migration from the database to the data warehouse. Data Warehouse (DW) is the special type of a database that stores a large amount of data. DW schemas organize data in two ways in which star schema and snowflakes schema. Fact and dimension tables organize in them. Distinguished by normalization of tables. Nature of data leads the designer to follow the DW schemas on the base of data, time and resources factor. Both design-modeling techniques compare with the experiment on the same data and results of applying the same query on them. After the performance evaluation, using bitmap indexing to improve the schemas performance. We also present the design modeling techniques with respect to data mining and improve query optimization technique to save time and resource in the analysis of data.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference Sidi, E., El, M., Amin, E.: Star schema advantages on data warehouse: using bitmap index and partitioned fact tables. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 134(13), 11–13 (2016) Sidi, E., El, M., Amin, E.: Star schema advantages on data warehouse: using bitmap index and partitioned fact tables. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 134(13), 11–13 (2016)
2.
go back to reference Jan, B., Alharbi, M., Mujeeb-ur-rehman, Khan, F.A., Imran, M., Ahmad, A.: Efficient data access and performance improvement model for virtual data warehouse. Sustain. Cities Soc. 35, 232–240 (2017) Jan, B., Alharbi, M., Mujeeb-ur-rehman, Khan, F.A., Imran, M., Ahmad, A.: Efficient data access and performance improvement model for virtual data warehouse. Sustain. Cities Soc. 35, 232–240 (2017)
3.
go back to reference Yusuf, A.: A design comparison: data warehouse schema versus conventional relational database schema. In: CEUR Workshop Proceedings (2016) Yusuf, A.: A design comparison: data warehouse schema versus conventional relational database schema. In: CEUR Workshop Proceedings (2016)
4.
go back to reference North, M., Thomas, L., Richardson, R., Akpess, P.: Data warehousing: a practical managerial approach. Comput. Sci. Inf. Technol. 5, 18–26 (2017) North, M., Thomas, L., Richardson, R., Akpess, P.: Data warehousing: a practical managerial approach. Comput. Sci. Inf. Technol. 5, 18–26 (2017)
5.
7.
go back to reference Abdalaziz Ahmedl, R., Mohamed Ahmed, T.: Generating data warehouse schema. Int. J. Found. Comput. Sci. Technol. 4(1), 1–16 (2014)CrossRef Abdalaziz Ahmedl, R., Mohamed Ahmed, T.: Generating data warehouse schema. Int. J. Found. Comput. Sci. Technol. 4(1), 1–16 (2014)CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Sandhu, M.K., Kaur, A., Kaur, R.: Data warehouse schemas. Int. J. Innov. Res. Adv. Eng. (IJIIRAE) 2, 47–51 (2015) Sandhu, M.K., Kaur, A., Kaur, R.: Data warehouse schemas. Int. J. Innov. Res. Adv. Eng. (IJIIRAE) 2, 47–51 (2015)
9.
go back to reference Cherniack, M., Lawande, S., Tran, N.: Optimizing snowflake schema queries (2014) Cherniack, M., Lawande, S., Tran, N.: Optimizing snowflake schema queries (2014)
10.
go back to reference Priyadharsini, C., Thanamani, D.A.S.: An overview of knowledge discovery database and data mining techniques. Int. J. Innov. Res. Comput. Commun. Eng. 2(1), 1571–1578 (2014) Priyadharsini, C., Thanamani, D.A.S.: An overview of knowledge discovery database and data mining techniques. Int. J. Innov. Res. Comput. Commun. Eng. 2(1), 1571–1578 (2014)
12.
go back to reference Maimon, O., Rokach, L.: Introduction to Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 1–15 (2016) Maimon, O., Rokach, L.: Introduction to Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 1–15 (2016)
13.
go back to reference Pavya, K., Srinivasan, D.B.: Feature selection techniques in data mining: a study. Int. J. Sci. Dev. Res. 2(6), 594–598 (2017) Pavya, K., Srinivasan, D.B.: Feature selection techniques in data mining: a study. Int. J. Sci. Dev. Res. 2(6), 594–598 (2017)
15.
go back to reference Golfarelli, M., Rizzi, S.: From star schemas to big data: 20+ years of data warehouse research. In: Flesca, S., Greco, S., Masciari, E., Saccà, D. (eds.) A Comprehensive Guide Through the Italian Database Research Over the Last 25 Years. SBD, vol. 31, pp. 93–107. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61893-7_6CrossRef Golfarelli, M., Rizzi, S.: From star schemas to big data: 20+ years of data warehouse research. In: Flesca, S., Greco, S., Masciari, E., Saccà, D. (eds.) A Comprehensive Guide Through the Italian Database Research Over the Last 25 Years. SBD, vol. 31, pp. 93–107. Springer, Cham (2018). https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​978-3-319-61893-7_​6CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Bhide, M.A., Mittapalli, S.K., Padmanabhan, S.: Star and snowflake schemas in extract, transform, load processes (2016) Bhide, M.A., Mittapalli, S.K., Padmanabhan, S.: Star and snowflake schemas in extract, transform, load processes (2016)
17.
go back to reference Sidi, E., El, M., Amin, E.: The impact of partitioned fact tables and bitmap index on data warehouse performance. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 135, 39–41 (2016) Sidi, E., El, M., Amin, E.: The impact of partitioned fact tables and bitmap index on data warehouse performance. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 135, 39–41 (2016)
19.
go back to reference Benjelloun, M., El, M., Amin, E.: Impact of using snowflake schema and bitmap index on data warehouse querying. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 180(15), 33–35 (2018) Benjelloun, M., El, M., Amin, E.: Impact of using snowflake schema and bitmap index on data warehouse querying. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 180(15), 33–35 (2018)
20.
go back to reference Dageville, B., et al.: The snowflake elastic data warehouse. In: SIGMOD/PODS 2016, San Francisco, CA, USA, 26 June–01 July 2016 (2016) Dageville, B., et al.: The snowflake elastic data warehouse. In: SIGMOD/PODS 2016, San Francisco, CA, USA, 26 June–01 July 2016 (2016)
22.
go back to reference Cheng, X., Schneider, P.: Star and snowflake join query performance (2017) Cheng, X., Schneider, P.: Star and snowflake join query performance (2017)
Metadata
Title
A Review of Star Schema and Snowflakes Schema
Authors
M. Zafar Iqbal
Ghulam Mustafa
Nadeem Sarwar
Syed Hamza Wajid
Junaid Nasir
Shaista Siddque
Copyright Year
2020
Publisher
Springer Singapore
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5232-8_12

Premium Partner