1 Introduction and motivation
2 Antenna structure and design
3 Results and discussion
3.1 Frequency—domain behavior
3.2 Time domain behavior
References | Operating frequency band (GHz) | Dimension (mm2) | Radiation pattern | Gain (dBi) |
---|---|---|---|---|
[6] | 3.4–3.75 and 5.6–6 | 150 × 77 | Directional | 2–5 |
[7] | 7.5–11.1 | 45 × 15 | Omni | 2.5 |
[8] | 4.8–9.11 | 30 × 29 | Omni | 2–4 |
[9] | 2.4 | 80 × 80 | Directional | 3 |
[10] | 2.86–9.53 | 26 × 31 | Omni | 4 |
Proposed antenna | 2.5–10.97 | 17.5 × 30 | Omni | 3–5 |
3.3 Wearable performance and SAR analysis
Layers | \(\epsilon_{r}\) | σ (S/m) | Thickness (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
Muscle | 53.67 | 0.36 | 23 |
Fat | 5.36 | 0.17 | 6 |
Skin | 40.4 | 0.47 | 2 |
Layers | \(\epsilon_{r}\) | σ (S/m) | Thickness (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
Muscle | 50.9 | 3.03 | 23 |
Fat | 5.13 | 0.18 | 6 |
Skin | 36.3 | 2.14 | 2 |
Layers | \(\epsilon_{r}\) | σ (S/m) | Thickness (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
Muscle | 42.86 | 4.96 | 23 |
Fat | 4.60 | 0.29 | 6 |
Skin | 31.28 | 3.69 | 2 |