Top

Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications

Published in:

01-05-2015

Advanced bootstrap and adjusted bandwidth for content distribution in peer-to-peer live streaming

Authors: Jun-Li Kuo, Chen-Hua Shih, Cheng-Yuan Ho, Yaw-Chung Chen

Published in: Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications | Issue 3/2015

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Today peer-to-peer (P2P) systems have been deployed for various Internet multimedia applications such as live video streaming service. However, both peer churn and upload capacity insufficiency are inherent problems causing long start-up delay and unstable playback quality. Therefore, we introduce a scalable application-layer multicast algorithm, ABCD-P2P, which inherits the short end-to-end delay and low control overhead due to the push delivery scheme. The logical overlay is close to the physical topology (i.e., geographic proximity) in ABCD-P2P, so a short streaming multicast delivery path reduces the number of hops and avoids the network bottleneck or far routing. Both an advanced bootstrap mechanism and an adjusted bandwidth mechanism are suitable for the asymmetric bandwidth network. The mathematical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme can achieve the goals of high playback smoothness, short start-up delay, short end-to-end delay, low control overhead, and short recovery time.

previous article Resource allocation in underprovisioned multioverlay peer-to-peer live video sharing services

next article Analysis of user’s behavior and resource characteristics for private trackers

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Churn means peers arriving and departing at a high rate. The dynamics of peer churn disrupt content delivery and adversely affect the delivered quality to participating peers.

A leaf peer means an end-edge peer without its children like as a leaf of tree.

The path length means the ratio of logical overlay path to physical topology path.

Cluster split and merge belong to the NP-hard problem. The cluster leader must load the complexity of computing and handle many control messages to initiate split and merge operator.

The rooter is a root node of tree-based P2P network. A rooter is always a P2P tracker, data server, or content provider.

T _r2p means time delay between rooter and a peer (from rooter to peer unidirectionally).

Request interval is between two buffer map packets and two request packets.

Leave Message is sent at first step to let rooter cancel the registration, this can avoid any candidate message or refine message from rooter.

Other bootstrap processes of multicast trees spend much time and much cost, for examples, In NICE, the leader is reselected when a new peer joins; In ZigZag, the cluster is reorganized when a new peer joins; In SplitStream, the new peer is arranged at an appropriate internode.

c can be seen as the range of selecting candidates. c affects the number of candidates and the proximity of new joining peer.

95 % of peers in the Gnutella system could be reached within 7 hops by pure flooding. We set 3 hops as the time-to-life of Gnutella message to avoid infinite flooding.

Continuity ratio in this paper is equivalent to continuity index in CoolStreaming [13] and received chunk ratio in Substream Trading [31].

Root-to-leaf delay is the same with source-to-end delay defined in AnySee [15] and delivery delay defined in OPSS [33].

Kerpez K, Waring D, Lapiotis G, Lyles JB, Vaidyanathan R (2006) IPTV service assurance. IEEE Commun Mag 44(9):166–172CrossRef

Shihab E, Cai L, Wan F, Gulliver A, Tin N (2008) Wireless mesh networks for in-home IPTV distribution. IEEE Netw 22(1):52–57CrossRef

Tran DA, Hua KA, Do TT (2004) A peer-to-peer architecture for media streaming. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 22(1):121–133CrossRef

Hei X, Liu Y, Ross KW (2008) IPTV over P2P streaming networks: The mesh-pull approach. IEEE Commun Mag 46(2):86–92CrossRef

Johnsen JA, Karlsen LE, Birkeland SS (2005) Peer-to-peer networking with BitTorrent

Nafaa A, Murphy S, Murphy L (2008) Analysis of a large-scale VOD architecture for broadband operators: a P2P-based solution. IEEE Commun Mag 46(12):47–55CrossRef

Cheng B, Stein L, Jin H, Liao X, Zhang Z (2008) GridCast: Improving peer sharing for P2P VoD. ACM Trans Multimed Comput Commun Appl 4(4):26

Hei X, Liu Y, Ross KW (2007) Inferring network-wide quality in P2P live streaming systems. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 25(9):1640–1654CrossRef

Hei X, Liang C, Liang J, Liu Y, Ross KW (2007) A measurement study of a large-scale P2P IPTV system. IEEE Trans Multimed 9(8):1672–1687CrossRef

10.

Chu Y, Rao SG, Seshan S (2002) A case for end system multicast. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 20(8):1456–1471CrossRef

11.

Zhang X, Liu J, Li B (2005) On large-scale peer-to-peer live video distribution: Coolstreaming and its preliminary experimental Results. IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing

12.

Tran DA, Hua KA, Do TT (2003) ZIGZAG: An efficient peer-to-peer scheme for media streaming. IEEE Conference on Computer Communications

13.

Xie S, Li B, Keung GY, Zhang X (2007) Coolstreaming: Design, theory, and practice. IEEE Trans Multimed 9(8):1661–1671CrossRef

14.

Bo L, Susu X, Keung GY, Jiangchuan L, Stoica I, Hui Z, Zhang X (2007) An empirical study of the coolstreaming plus system. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 25(9):1627–1639CrossRef

15.

Liao X, Jin H, Liu Y, Ni LM, Deng D (2006) AnySee: Peer-to-peer live streaming. IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications

16.

Huang Q, Jin H, Liao X (2007) P2P live streaming with tree-mesh based hybrid overlay. International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops

17.

Zhang M, Zhao L, Tang Y, Luo JG, Yang SQ (2005) Large-scale live media streaming over peer-to-peer networks through global internet. ACM workshop on Advances in peer-to-peer multimedia streaming

18.

Magharei N, Rejaie R (2009) PRIME: Peer-to-peer receiver-drIven MEsh-based streaming. IEEE/ACM Trans Networking 17(4):1052–1065CrossRef

19.

Banerjee S, Bhattacharjee B, Kommareddy C (2002) Scalable application layer multicast. ACM Conf Appl Tech Archit Protoc Comput Commun 32(4):205–217

20.

Tran DA, Hua KA, Do TT (2004) A peer-to-peer architecture for media streaming. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 22(1):121–133CrossRef

21.

Yu SS, Zheng XW, Zhou JL (2006) A P2P scheme for live media stream multicast. International Multi-Media Modeling Conference Proceedings

22.

Tan X, Datta S (2005) Building multicast trees for multimedia streaming in heterogeneous P2P networks. International Conference on Systems Communications

23.

Jannotti J, Gifford D, Johnson KL, Kaashoek MF (2000) Overcast: Reliable multicasting with an overlay network. USENIX Association Proceedings of Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation

24.

Deshpande H, Bawa M, Garcia-Molina H (2002) Streaming live media over a peer-to-peer network. ACM/IEEE Workshop on Network and OS Support for Digital Audio and Video

25.

Castro M, Druschel P, Kermarrec AM, Nandi A, Rowstron A, Singh A (2003) SplitStream: High-bandwidth content distribution in cooperative environments. ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles

26.

Lee J, Hoang X, Lee Y (2006) BACS: Split channel based overlay multicast for multimedia streaming. Information Networking: Advances in Data Communications and Wireless Networks

27.

Magharei N, Rejaie R, Guo Y (2007) Mesh or multiple-tree: A comparative study of live P2P streaming approaches. IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications

28.

Tang Y, Luo J, Zhang Q, Zhang M (2007) Deploying P2P networks for large-scale live video-streaming service. IEEE Commun Mag 45(6):100–106CrossRef

29.

Magharei N, Rejaie R (2005) Peer-to-peer receiver-driven mesh-based streaming. ACM SIGCOMM

30.

OMNet++: http://www.omnetpp.org/

31.

Liu Z, Shen Y, Ross KW, Panwar SS, Wang Y (2008) Substream Trading: Towards an Open P2P Live Streaming System. IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols

32.

Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC): http://map.twnic.net.tw/

33.

Bracciale L, Lo Piccolo F, Luzzi D, Salsano S, Bianchi G, Blefari-Melazzi N (2008) A push-based scheduling algorithm for large scale P2P live streaming. International Telecommunication Networking Workshop on QoS in Multiservice IP Networks

Title: Advanced bootstrap and adjusted bandwidth for content distribution in peer-to-peer live streaming
Authors: Jun-Li Kuo
Chen-Hua Shih
Cheng-Yuan Ho
Yaw-Chung Chen
Publication date: 01-05-2015
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications / Issue 3/2015
Print ISSN: 1936-6442
Electronic ISSN: 1936-6450
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-014-0263-5

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Other articles of this Issue 3/2015

Efficient model sharing for scalable collaborative classification

A flexible DHT-based directory service for information management

Towards a location and mobility-aware routing protocol for improving multimedia streaming performance in MANETs

SBDP: Bandwidth prediction mechanism towards server demands in P2P-VoD system

A taxonomy of decentralized online social networks

A comprehensive study of the resource discovery techniques in Peer-to-Peer networks

Premium Partner