Skip to main content
Top

2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

3. An Approach to Develop an Alternative Water Quality Index Using FLDM

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

One of the major drawbacks of WQI is the manner, in which magnitude of the weights are assigned to the water quality parameters to their relative importance. Most of such methods are rather subjective and does not include the impact of the parameters to create hazards, cost to mitigate the hazard and utility to asses water quality. That is why; the present investigation proposes an objective method to determine the magnitude of weight, incorporating such factors and thus depicts the holistic quality of water. To achieve this objective FLDM was used to integrate the importance of parameters, on the basis of expert and literature survey, to represent actual situation of water quality more accurately. A case study of assessing the water quality of the sample water bodies in North East India with the proposed WQI is also incorporated to verify the applicability of the proposed index. The results show that the values of proposed WQI are close to that of NSF WQI and also in parity with available data.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation. (1999). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (20th ed.); 2340 C. American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation. (1999). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (20th ed.); 2340 C.
2.
go back to reference Ansari, K., Hemke, N. M. (2013). Water quality index for assessment of water samples of different zones in Chandrapur City. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), 3(3), 236. ISSN: 2248-9622, May–Jun 2013. Ansari, K., Hemke, N. M. (2013). Water quality index for assessment of water samples of different zones in Chandrapur City. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), 3(3), 236. ISSN: 2248-9622, May–Jun 2013.
3.
go back to reference Bhargava, D. S. (1983). Use of water quality index for river classification and zoning of Ganga River. Environmental Pollution (Series B), 6, 51–67. Bhargava, D. S. (1983). Use of water quality index for river classification and zoning of Ganga River. Environmental Pollution (Series B), 6, 51–67.
4.
go back to reference Brown Robert, M., McClelland Nina, I., Deininger Rolf, A., & Tozer Ronald, G. (1970). A water quality index—do we dare? Water and Sewage Works, 339–343, October 1970 Brown Robert, M., McClelland Nina, I., Deininger Rolf, A., & Tozer Ronald, G. (1970). A water quality index—do we dare? Water and Sewage Works, 339–343, October 1970
5.
go back to reference Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. (2001). Canadian environmental quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. CCME Water Quality Index: Technical Report, 1.0. Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. (2001). Canadian environmental quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. CCME Water Quality Index: Technical Report, 1.0.
7.
go back to reference Chauhan, A., & Singh, S. (2010). Evaluation of Ganga water for drinking purpose by water quality index at Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. Report Opinion, 2(9), 53–61. Chauhan, A., & Singh, S. (2010). Evaluation of Ganga water for drinking purpose by water quality index at Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. Report Opinion, 2(9), 53–61.
8.
go back to reference Chen, H.W., Chang, N.B. (2001) Identification of river water quality using the fuzzy synthetic evaluation approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 63(3), 293–305. Chen, H.W., Chang, N.B. (2001) Identification of river water quality using the fuzzy synthetic evaluation approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 63(3), 293–305.
9.
go back to reference Dunnette, D. A. (1979). A geographically variable water quality index used in Oregon. Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, 51(1), 53–61. Dunnette, D. A. (1979). A geographically variable water quality index used in Oregon. Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, 51(1), 53–61.
10.
go back to reference Forman, E. H., Saul, I. G. (2001). The analytical hierarchy process—an exposition. Operations Research, 49(4), 469–448. Forman, E. H., Saul, I. G. (2001). The analytical hierarchy process—an exposition. Operations Research, 49(4), 469–448.
11.
go back to reference Heal, K. V., Vinten, A. J. A., Gouriveau, F., Zhang, J., Windsor, M., D’Arcy, B., Frost, A., Gairns, L., Langan, S. J. (2006). The use of ponds to reduce pollution from potentially contaminated steading runoff. In Agriculture and the Environment—Managing Diffuse Agricultural Pollution, Proceedings of the SAC and SEPA Biennial Conference, April 5–6, 2006, Edinburgh (pp. 62–70). Heal, K. V., Vinten, A. J. A., Gouriveau, F., Zhang, J., Windsor, M., D’Arcy, B., Frost, A., Gairns, L., Langan, S. J. (2006). The use of ponds to reduce pollution from potentially contaminated steading runoff. In Agriculture and the Environment—Managing Diffuse Agricultural Pollution, Proceedings of the SAC and SEPA Biennial Conference, April 5–6, 2006, Edinburgh (pp. 62–70).
12.
go back to reference Hill, D. A., Fasham, M., Tucker, G., Shewry, M., Shaw, P. (2005). Handbook of biodiversity methods: survey, evaluation and monitoring (pp. 219–222). Cambridge University Press. Hill, D. A., Fasham, M., Tucker, G., Shewry, M., Shaw, P. (2005). Handbook of biodiversity methods: survey, evaluation and monitoring (pp. 219–222). Cambridge University Press.
13.
go back to reference Horton, R. K. (1965) An index number system for rating water quality. Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, 37(3), 300–305. Horton, R. K. (1965) An index number system for rating water quality. Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, 37(3), 300–305.
14.
go back to reference Hyndman, R. J., Athanasopoulos, G. (2013). Forecasting: principles and practice. OTexts. Hyndman, R. J., Athanasopoulos, G. (2013). Forecasting: principles and practice. OTexts.
16.
go back to reference Macharis, C., Springael, J., De Brucker, K., Verbeke, A. (2004). Promethee and AHP: the design of operational synergies in multicriteria analysis. Strengthening Promethee with ideas of AHP. European Journal of Operational Research, 153, 307–317. Macharis, C., Springael, J., De Brucker, K., Verbeke, A. (2004). Promethee and AHP: the design of operational synergies in multicriteria analysis. Strengthening Promethee with ideas of AHP. European Journal of Operational Research, 153, 307–317.
17.
go back to reference Mamun, A. A., Idris, A. (2008). Revised water quality indices for the protection of rivers in Malaysia. In Twelfth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC12 2008, Alexandria, Egypt (p. 1690) Mamun, A. A., Idris, A. (2008). Revised water quality indices for the protection of rivers in Malaysia. In Twelfth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC12 2008, Alexandria, Egypt (p. 1690)
18.
go back to reference McClelland, N. I. (1974). Water quality index application in the Kansas River Basin. EPA-907/9-74-001; US EPA Region VII, Kansas City, MO McClelland, N. I. (1974). Water quality index application in the Kansas River Basin. EPA-907/9-74-001; US EPA Region VII, Kansas City, MO
19.
go back to reference McNeil, F. M., Thro, E. (1994). Fuzzy logic: A practical approach (p. 294). Boston: Academic Press. McNeil, F. M., Thro, E. (1994). Fuzzy logic: A practical approach (p. 294). Boston: Academic Press.
20.
go back to reference Millet, I., Wedley, W. C. (2002). Modelling risk and uncertainty with the analytic hierarchy process. Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, 11, 97–107. Millet, I., Wedley, W. C. (2002). Modelling risk and uncertainty with the analytic hierarchy process. Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, 11, 97–107.
22.
go back to reference Raman, B. V., Reinier, B., & Mohan, S. (2009). Fuzzy logic water quality index and importance of water quality parameters. Air, Soil and Water Research, 2, 51–59. Raman, B. V., Reinier, B., & Mohan, S. (2009). Fuzzy logic water quality index and importance of water quality parameters. Air, Soil and Water Research, 2, 51–59.
23.
go back to reference Ramanathan, R. (2001). A note on the use of the analytic hierarchy process for environmental impact assessment. Journal of Environmental Management, 63, 27–35. Ramanathan, R. (2001). A note on the use of the analytic hierarchy process for environmental impact assessment. Journal of Environmental Management, 63, 27–35.
24.
go back to reference Triantaphyllou, E. (2000). Multi-criteria decision making: a comparative study. Kluwer Academic Publishers (now Springer). Triantaphyllou, E. (2000). Multi-criteria decision making: a comparative study. Kluwer Academic Publishers (now Springer).
31.
go back to reference Tyagi, S., Sharma, B., Singh, P., Dobhal, R. (2013). Water quality assessment in terms of water quality index. American Journal of Water Resources, 1(3), 34–38. Tyagi, S., Sharma, B., Singh, P., Dobhal, R. (2013). Water quality assessment in terms of water quality index. American Journal of Water Resources, 1(3), 34–38.
32.
go back to reference Walsh, P., & Wheeler, W. (2012). Working paper: Water quality index aggregation and cost benefit analysis. NCEE Working Paper Series; National Center for Environmental Economics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Walsh, P., & Wheeler, W. (2012). Working paper: Water quality index aggregation and cost benefit analysis. NCEE Working Paper Series; National Center for Environmental Economics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
33.
go back to reference Yogendra, K., & Puttaiah, E. T. (2007). Determination of water quality index and suitability of an urban waterbody in Shimoga Town, Karnataka. In Proceedings of Taal 2007: The 12th World Lake Conference (p. 342). Yogendra, K., & Puttaiah, E. T. (2007). Determination of water quality index and suitability of an urban waterbody in Shimoga Town, Karnataka. In Proceedings of Taal 2007: The 12th World Lake Conference (p. 342).
34.
go back to reference Zadeh, L. A. (1965). Fuzzy sets. Information and Control, 8, 338–353. Zadeh, L. A. (1965). Fuzzy sets. Information and Control, 8, 338–353.
Metadata
Title
An Approach to Develop an Alternative Water Quality Index Using FLDM
Author
Ritabrata Roy
Copyright Year
2018
Publisher
Springer Singapore
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6205-6_3