Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Cover of the book

2017 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Analysing Cultural Diversity in Approaches Towards Poverty Alleviation

Author : Nicole Häusler

Published in: Cultural Due Diligence in Hospitality Ventures

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

When reading the above research credo, the reader will realise that this thesis attempts to create a bridge between “grey … theory”, as Mephistopheles calls it in Goethe’s Faust, Part I, and real-life practice. Having worked as a development practitioner in Asia and South America for over 15 years, I have become aware of a number of challenges in implementing development initiatives to reduce poverty that are beneficial for both the private tourism sector and the local communities. Amongst the many challenges faced, the one I consider is the management of cultural diversity in such business partnerships, given that the two parties involved may use different approaches to doing business because they have different ethnic backgrounds and thus, different cultural understandings of how a business should be run. Also, communities are based on complex social systems with existing livelihood strategies that may even sometimes be totally incompatible with the organisational structure of the cooperating enterprise.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
next chapter The Unpacking of Culture Within the Framework of Cultural Due Diligence
Footnotes
1
The version available to the author is not paginated, but rather is divided into sections.
 
2
The often misquoted sentence actually reads, “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” See, for example, Correia (2009) and Pope, Annandale, and Morrison-Saunders (2004).
 
3
The difference between ‘institution’ and ‘organisation’ can be interpreted in various ways. Many social entities can be characterised as both organisations and institutions. For example, generally speaking, a university is an institution for education, but a particular university, such as Leeds Beckett University, is an organisation.
 
4
Over the last 20 years, the concept of social capital has gained popularity in the development literature and especially in the literature that focuses on community development. According to Clainborne, “it is a relatively new concept in the field of tourism studies” (2010, p. 3). The concept of social capital and its role in the context of tourism and poverty reduction is discussed in more detail in Chap. 3.
 
5
In social anthropology, ‘culture’ is a catchword for any pattern of thinking, feeling and acting within the social environments in which one grew up and collected one’s life experiences. Culture is learned, not inherited, and is therefore subject to transformation (Hofstede, 1991a; Pheysey, 1993). ‘Ethnic culture’ denotes the culture of a group of people who share the same ancestry, tribal heritage, and collective consciousness. The concept of ‘ethnic group’, as a smaller unit, is usually contrasted with the concept of ‘the people’ (i.e., national culture) (Hirschberg, 1988). Cf. Chap. 2 for a detailed discussion.
 
6
Burns criticise in his publication on ‘An Introduction to Tourism & Anthropology’ (1999a) that “too much work on the anthropology lacks empirical (i.e. research) grounding, and may reflect the white, middle class views of the authors…”
 
7
I am not naïve. I understand very well that representatives of local communities might not be favourably disposed to read such a thesis. Still, we must think about how they might be meaningfully involved into such a discussion.
 
Literature
Andersen, I., Karnoe, P., & Borum, F. (1995). On the art of doing field research: An experience-based research methodology. Copenhagen: Handelshøjskolens forlag.
Aretz, H.-J., & Hansen, K. (2003). Erfolgreiches Management von Diversity: Die multikulturelle Organisation als Strategie zur Verbesserung einer nachhaltigen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit. Zeitschrift für Personalforschung, 17(1), 9–36.
Bebbington, A., Lewis, D., Batterbury, S., Olson, E., & Shameem Siddiqie, M. (2007). Of texts and practices: Empowerment and organisational cultures in world bank-funded rural development programmes. Journal of Development Studies, 43(4), 597–621.CrossRef
Belsky, J. (2004). Contributions of qualitative research to understanding the politics of community ecotourism. In J. Phillimore & L. Goodson (Eds.), Qualitative research in tourism: Ontologies, epistemologies and methodologies (pp. 273–291). London: Routledge.
Birk, A. (2011). Konversationale Implikaturen: Ein linguistisches Instrument zur Analyse interkultureller Missverständnisse. In C. Földes (Ed.), Interkulturelle Linguistik im Aufbruch: Das Verhältnis von Theorie, Empirie und Methode (pp. 1–12). Tübingen: Narr.
Burns, P. M. (1999a). An introduction to tourism and anthropology. London: Routledge.
Clark, E., & Michailova, S. (Eds.). (2004). Fieldwork in transforming societies: Understanding methodology from experience. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Cole, S. (2008). Tourism, culture and development: Hopes, dreams and realities in East Indonesia. Clevedon: Channel View.
Cooper, C. (2012). Contemporary tourism education: Notes from the Frontline. In T. V. Singh (Ed.), Critical debates in tourism (pp. 200–208). Bristol: Channel View.
Correia, F. M. L. (2009). Effectiveness analysis of the European charter for sustainable tourism in protected areas. Ph.D. thesis, Leeds Metropolitan University.
Denzin, N. K. (1997). Interpretive ethnography: Ethnographic practices for the 21st century. Thousand Oaks: Sage.CrossRef
Dunphy, D., Griffiths, A., & Benn, S. (2003). Organizational change for corporate sustainability. London: Routledge.
Farrell, B. H., & Twining-Ward, L. (2004). Reconceptualizing tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(2), 274–295.CrossRef
Finn, M., Elliott-White, M., & Walton, M. (2000). Tourism & leisure research methods: Data collection, analysis and interpretation. Harlow: Pearson Education.
Greenwood, D. J., & Levin, M. (2007). Introduction to action research: Social research for social change (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.CrossRef
Hall, M. C. (2004). Reflexivity and tourism research: Situating myself and/with others. In J. Phillimore & L. Goodson (Eds.), Qualitative research in tourism: Ontologies, epistemologies and methodologies (pp. 137–155). London: Routledge.
Hirschberg, W. (Ed.). (1988). Neues Wörterbuch der Völkerkunde. Berlin: Reimer.
Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind: Intercultural cooperation and its importance for survival. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hofstede, G., & Hofstede, G. J. (2005). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind: International cooperation and its importance for survival. 2nd rev. exp. ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Jobbins, G. (2004). Translators, trust and truth: Cross-cultural issues in sustainable tourism research. In J. Phillimore & L. Goodson (Eds.), Qualitative research in tourism: Ontologies, epistemologies and methodologies (pp. 311–323). London: Routledge.
Kusluvan, Z., & Karamustafa, K. (2003). Organizational culture and its impacts on employee attitudes and behaviors in tourism and hospitality organizations. In S. Kusluvan (Ed.), Managing employee attitudes and behaviors in the tourism and hospitality industry (pp. 453–486). New York: Nova Science.
Lawler, J., & Atmiyanandana, V. (2003). HRM in Thailand: A post-1997 update. Asia Pacific Business Review, 9(4), 165–185.CrossRef
Lepp, A. (2008). Attitudes towards initial tourism development in a community with no prior tourism experiences: The case of Bigodi, Uganda. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(1), 5–22.CrossRef
Meyer, D. (2012). Pro-poor tourism: Is there actually much rhetoric? And, if so, whose? In T. V. Singh (Ed.), Critical debates in tourism (pp. 132–136). Bristol: Channel View.
Neudorfer, C. (2007). Meet the Akha—help the Akha? Minderheiten, Tourismus und Entwicklung in Laos. Bielefeld: Transcript.CrossRef
Pearce, P. L., & Moscardo, G. (1999). Tourism community analysis: Asking the right questions. In D. G. Pearce & R. W. Butler (Eds.), Contemporary issues in tourism development (pp. 31–51). London: Routledge.
Pheysey, D. C. (1993). Organizational culture: Types and transformations. London: Routledge.CrossRef
Pope, J., Annandale, D., & Morrison-Saunders, A. (2004). Conceptualising sustainability assessment. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 24(6), 595–616.CrossRef
Rieländer, K. (2002). Vom Fischzug zum Touristenstrom: Konsequenzen des internationalen Tourismus für eine balinesische Gemeinde am Meer. Norderstedt: Books on Demand.
Robson, C. (1993). Real world research: A resource for social scientists and practitioner-researchers. Oxford: Blackwell.
Scharmer, C. O. (2009). Theory U: Leading from the future as it emerges: The social technology of presencing. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.
Senge, P. M., & Scharmer, C. O. (2001). Community action research: Learning as a community of practitioners, consultants and researchers. In P. Reason & H. Bradbury (Eds.), Handbook of action research: Participative inquiry and practice (Conc. pb. ed., pp. 195–206). London: Sage.
Spenceley, A., & Meyer, D. (2012). Tourism and poverty reduction: Theory and practice in less economically developed countries. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(3), 297–317.CrossRef
Stevenson, N. (2007). Researching the experiences and perspectives of tourism policy makers. In J. Tribe & D. Airey (Eds.), Developments in tourism research: New directions, challenges and applications (pp. 185–197). Amsterdam: Elsevier.CrossRef
Trompenaars, F., & Hampden-Turner, C. (1997). Riding the waves of culture: Understanding diversity in global business (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Warner, M. (2003). Introduction: Culture and management in Asia. In M. Warner (Ed.), Culture and Management in Asia (pp. 1–23). Abingdon: Routledge.
Wood, V. R., & Wilberger, J. S. (2015). Globalization, cultural diversity and organizational commitment: Theoretical underpinnings. World Journal of Management, 6(2), 154–171.CrossRef
World Commission on Environment and Development. (1987). Our Common Future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zimmer, A. (2001). Unternehmenskultur und Cultural Due Diligence bei Mergers & Acquisitions. Aachen: Shaker.
Metadata
Title
Analysing Cultural Diversity in Approaches Towards Poverty Alleviation
Author
Nicole Häusler
Copyright Year
2017
Book
Cultural Due Diligence in Hospitality Ventures

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-51336-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-51337-9

Copyright Year: 2017

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51337-9_1