5. Antenna Spatial Polarization Characteristics Measurement and Calibration

Measurement of target polarization characteristics is an important basic issue for recognition of radar target characteristics and target identification, and is widely concerned for a long time. Radar target can be considered a polarization changer, which is usually represented by a second-order complex matrix, and is solved through “receiving and measuring two target echo signal under orthogonal polarization electromagnetic wave excitation on two orthogonal polarization basis in a simultaneous or time-sharing manner”. However, from the prospect of engineering implementation, there are many technical difficulties to develop special target polarization characteristics measurement radar, such as improving orthogonal polarization channel separation degree, maintaining consistency in amplitude and phase of several polarization channels, and solving calibration of polarization measurement system.