Skip to main content
Top

2023 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

10. Application Examples of Airframe

Authors : Kodo Ito, Toshio Nakagawa

Published in: Optimal Inspection Models with Their Applications

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The airframe for civil aviation has to be lightweight because its weight affects the range and fuel-efficiency of aircraft and is different from military aviation. The airframe has to be tolerant for damage due to statistical and dynamic mechanical stresses produced by changes of air pressure and temperature, vibration of engine and aerodynamic turbulence and shocks when it takes off and lands. Aluminum alloys 2024 and 7075 are adopted for the principal substance of construction because its tensile strength is almost as same as that of ferrous alloy and its specific weight is from one third to one fourth of ferrous alloy. The stressed skin semi-monocoque structure is adopted and its stress is analyzed strictly utilizing a finite element method for reducing weight [1].

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Paul D, Kelly L, Venkayya V (2002) Evolution of U.S. military aircraft structures technology. J Aircr 39:18–29CrossRef Paul D, Kelly L, Venkayya V (2002) Evolution of U.S. military aircraft structures technology. J Aircr 39:18–29CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Dixon M (2006) The maintenance costs of aging aircraft: insights from commercial aviation. RAND Corporation, California Dixon M (2006) The maintenance costs of aging aircraft: insights from commercial aviation. RAND Corporation, California
3.
go back to reference Nakagawa T (2005) Maintenance theory of reliability. Springer, London Nakagawa T (2005) Maintenance theory of reliability. Springer, London
4.
go back to reference Ito K (2013) Maintenance models of miscellaneous systems. In: Nakamura N, Qian CH, Chen M (eds) Reliability modeling with applications. World Scientific, Singapore, pp 307–330 Ito K (2013) Maintenance models of miscellaneous systems. In: Nakamura N, Qian CH, Chen M (eds) Reliability modeling with applications. World Scientific, Singapore, pp 307–330
5.
go back to reference Ito K, Nakagawa T (2011) Optimal multi-echelon maintenance of aircraft. Int J Reliab Qual Perform 3:67–73 Ito K, Nakagawa T (2011) Optimal multi-echelon maintenance of aircraft. Int J Reliab Qual Perform 3:67–73
6.
go back to reference Gill M (2018) Best industry practices for aircraft decommissioning (BIPAD). Int Air Transp Assoc (IATA) Gill M (2018) Best industry practices for aircraft decommissioning (BIPAD). Int Air Transp Assoc (IATA)
7.
go back to reference Ackert S (2012) Basics of aircraft market analysis. Aircr Monit Ackert S (2012) Basics of aircraft market analysis. Aircr Monit
8.
go back to reference Ito K, Nakagawa T (2015) Optimal operation censoring policy of aircraft. Int J Reliab Qual Perform 6:19–25 Ito K, Nakagawa T (2015) Optimal operation censoring policy of aircraft. Int J Reliab Qual Perform 6:19–25
9.
go back to reference Senju S, Fushimi T, Fujita S, Knight JE (1980) Analysis for managerial and engineering decisions. Asian Productivity Organization, Tokyo Senju S, Fushimi T, Fujita S, Knight JE (1980) Analysis for managerial and engineering decisions. Asian Productivity Organization, Tokyo
10.
go back to reference FAA (1998) Fatigue evaluation of structure; final rule. 14 CFR Part 25, Docket No. 27358, Amendment No. 25–96 March 31,63,61:15708-15715 FAA (1998) Fatigue evaluation of structure; final rule. 14 CFR Part 25, Docket No. 27358, Amendment No. 25–96 March 31,63,61:15708-15715
11.
go back to reference FAA Advisory Circular (1998) Damage tolerance and fatigue evaluation of structure. AC 25, 571-1C FAA Advisory Circular (1998) Damage tolerance and fatigue evaluation of structure. AC 25, 571-1C
12.
go back to reference FAA Advisory Circular (1998) Acceptable methods, techniques, and practices—aircraft inspection and repair, AC 43. 13-1B FAA Advisory Circular (1998) Acceptable methods, techniques, and practices—aircraft inspection and repair, AC 43. 13-1B
13.
go back to reference Rinaldi A, Krajcinovic D (2006) Statistical damage mechanics—constitutive relations. J Theor Appl Mech 44(3):585–602 Rinaldi A, Krajcinovic D (2006) Statistical damage mechanics—constitutive relations. J Theor Appl Mech 44(3):585–602
14.
go back to reference Levis WH, Dodd BD, Sproat WH, Hamilton JM (1978) Reliability of nondestructive inspections, AD A072097 Levis WH, Dodd BD, Sproat WH, Hamilton JM (1978) Reliability of nondestructive inspections, AD A072097
15.
go back to reference Heida JH, Grooteman FP (1998) Aircraft inspection reliability using field inspection data. In: RTO AVT workshop on aircraft inspection reliability under field/depot conditions Heida JH, Grooteman FP (1998) Aircraft inspection reliability using field inspection data. In: RTO AVT workshop on aircraft inspection reliability under field/depot conditions
16.
go back to reference Goranson Ulf G (1997) Fatigue issues in aircraft maintenance and repair. Int J Fatigue 20(6):413–431CrossRef Goranson Ulf G (1997) Fatigue issues in aircraft maintenance and repair. Int J Fatigue 20(6):413–431CrossRef
17.
go back to reference US Department of Defense (1974) Airplane damage tolerance requirements. (MIL-A-83444) US Department of Defense (1974) Airplane damage tolerance requirements. (MIL-A-83444)
18.
go back to reference Niu Michael CY (1988) Aircraft structural design. Technical Book Company, Los Angeles Niu Michael CY (1988) Aircraft structural design. Technical Book Company, Los Angeles
19.
go back to reference Chen D (1990) Bulging of fatigue cracks in a pressurized aircraft fuselage. Report LR-647, Delft University of Technology Chen D (1990) Bulging of fatigue cracks in a pressurized aircraft fuselage. Report LR-647, Delft University of Technology
20.
go back to reference Nechval KN, Nechval NA, Purgailis M, Rosevskis U, Strelchonok VF (2010) Optimal adaptive planning in-service inspections of aircraft structures in terms of terminal control problem. Inf Technol, Manage Soc 3(1):27–41 Nechval KN, Nechval NA, Purgailis M, Rosevskis U, Strelchonok VF (2010) Optimal adaptive planning in-service inspections of aircraft structures in terms of terminal control problem. Inf Technol, Manage Soc 3(1):27–41
21.
go back to reference Tang R, Elias B (2012) Offshoring of airline maintenance: implications for domestic jobs and aviation safety. CRS Rep for Congr 7-5700, R42876, USA Tang R, Elias B (2012) Offshoring of airline maintenance: implications for domestic jobs and aviation safety. CRS Rep for Congr 7-5700, R42876, USA
22.
go back to reference Ito K, Nakagawa T (2014) Optimal maintenance policy of airframe cracks. Int J Reliab Qual Saf Eng 21:1450014(16 p) Ito K, Nakagawa T (2014) Optimal maintenance policy of airframe cracks. Int J Reliab Qual Saf Eng 21:1450014(16 p)
23.
go back to reference Nakagawa T (2011) Stochastic processes with applications to reliability theory. Springer, LondonCrossRefMATH Nakagawa T (2011) Stochastic processes with applications to reliability theory. Springer, LondonCrossRefMATH
24.
go back to reference Ito K, Nakagawa T (2014) Optimal maintenance policy of airframe. Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific International Symposium (APARM2014), pp 192–199 Ito K, Nakagawa T (2014) Optimal maintenance policy of airframe. Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific International Symposium (APARM2014), pp 192–199
25.
go back to reference IATA’s Maintenance Cost Task Force (2013) Airline maintenance cost executive commentary—an exclusive benchmark analysis. FY2011 data IATA’s Maintenance Cost Task Force (2013) Airline maintenance cost executive commentary—an exclusive benchmark analysis. FY2011 data
26.
go back to reference Nakagawa T, Ito K (2006) Optimal maintenance policies for a system with multiechelon risks. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part A Syst Humans 38:461–469CrossRef Nakagawa T, Ito K (2006) Optimal maintenance policies for a system with multiechelon risks. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part A Syst Humans 38:461–469CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Nakagawa T (2007) Shocks and damage models in reliability theory. Springer, LondonMATH Nakagawa T (2007) Shocks and damage models in reliability theory. Springer, LondonMATH
28.
go back to reference Ito K, Nakagawa T (2015) A stochastic maintenance model of commercial airframe with damage level and crack number. Proceedings of the 21st ISSAT international conference on reliability and quality in design, pp 247–251 Ito K, Nakagawa T (2015) A stochastic maintenance model of commercial airframe with damage level and crack number. Proceedings of the 21st ISSAT international conference on reliability and quality in design, pp 247–251
29.
go back to reference Ito K, Nakagawa T (2015) Stochastic maintenance model of airframe with multi stages damage level. Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific International Symposium (APARM2016), pp 179–186 Ito K, Nakagawa T (2015) Stochastic maintenance model of airframe with multi stages damage level. Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific International Symposium (APARM2016), pp 179–186
Metadata
Title
Application Examples of Airframe
Authors
Kodo Ito
Toshio Nakagawa
Copyright Year
2023
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22021-0_10

Premium Partners