Skip to main content
Top

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Appraisal of Railway Ballast Degradation Through Los Angeles Abrasion, Cyclic Loading Tests, and Image Technics

Authors : Zhihong Nie, Mohammed Ashiru, Xingchen Chen, Said Hussein Mohamud

Published in: Advances in Geotechnical Engineering & Geoenvironmental Engineering

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Ballast degrades through wear and breakage due to the cumulative actions of traffic. This study evaluated ballast degradation using the Los Angeles abrasion (LAA) and cyclic loading tests, changes in the ballast aggregates shape indexes (form, angularity, surface texture and volume) were also evaluated using image analysis techniques. A typical freight train with an average speed of 120 km/h and 30 tonnes capacity was simulated for the cyclic loading test. Series of LAA and cyclic loading tests were conducted on separate samples of the same gradations, and the changes in the aggregates shape indexes were determined using the Aggregate image measuring system (AIMS) package and a 3D laser scanner before and after each of the tests. The image-based assessment revealed that ballast degradation is related to the particle edge breakage and surface wear. The overall experimental results showed that ballast degradation is more profound in the ballast early stage of service, and the degradation index has a good correlation with the changes in aggregate shape indexes. The results also revealed that the two tests gave different degradation indexes, hence a relationship between the ballast degradation index and the number of load cycles with the number of LAA drum turns is proposed to reflect the effect of the number of train’s axle load cycles on ballast degradation.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference ASTM, A.: C535–09 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine: Conshohoken, PA: ASTM (2009) ASTM, A.: C535–09 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine: Conshohoken, PA: ASTM (2009)
go back to reference Aursudkij, B.: A laboratory study of railway ballast behaviour under traffic loading and tamping maintenance. University of Nottingham (2007) Aursudkij, B.: A laboratory study of railway ballast behaviour under traffic loading and tamping maintenance. University of Nottingham (2007)
go back to reference Cui, S., Pittman, R.W., Zhao, J.: Restructuring the Chinese Freight Railway: Two Scenarios. Available at SSRN 3229378 (2018) Cui, S., Pittman, R.W., Zhao, J.: Restructuring the Chinese Freight Railway: Two Scenarios. Available at SSRN 3229378 (2018)
go back to reference Danesh, A., Palassi, M., Mirghasemi, A.A.: Evaluating the influence of ballast degradation on its shear behaviour. Int. J. Rail Transp. 6(3), 145–162 (2018)CrossRef Danesh, A., Palassi, M., Mirghasemi, A.A.: Evaluating the influence of ballast degradation on its shear behaviour. Int. J. Rail Transp. 6(3), 145–162 (2018)CrossRef
go back to reference Esveld, C., Esveld, C.: Modern railway track, vol. 385. MRT-productions Zaltbommel, Netherlands (2001) Esveld, C., Esveld, C.: Modern railway track, vol. 385. MRT-productions Zaltbommel, Netherlands (2001)
go back to reference Guo, Y., Markine, V., Zhang, X., Qiang, W., Jing, G.: Image analysis for morphology, rheology and degradation study of railway ballast: a review. Transp. Geotech. 18, 173–211 (2019) Guo, Y., Markine, V., Zhang, X., Qiang, W., Jing, G.: Image analysis for morphology, rheology and degradation study of railway ballast: a review. Transp. Geotech. 18, 173–211 (2019)
go back to reference Han, X.: The role of particle breakage on the permanent deformation of ballast (2012) Han, X.: The role of particle breakage on the permanent deformation of ballast (2012)
go back to reference Indraratna, B., Salim, W.: Modelling of particle breakage of coarse aggregates incorporating strength and dilatancy (2002) Indraratna, B., Salim, W.: Modelling of particle breakage of coarse aggregates incorporating strength and dilatancy (2002)
go back to reference Indraratna, B., Nimbalkar, S., Rujikiatkamjorn, C.: From theory to practice in track geomechanics–Australian perspective for synthetic inclusions. Transp. Geotech. 1(4), 171–187 (2014)CrossRef Indraratna, B., Nimbalkar, S., Rujikiatkamjorn, C.: From theory to practice in track geomechanics–Australian perspective for synthetic inclusions. Transp. Geotech. 1(4), 171–187 (2014)CrossRef
go back to reference Indraratna, B., Sun, Y., Nimbalkar, S.: Laboratory assessment of the role of particle size distribution on the deformation and degradation of ballast under cyclic loading. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 142(7), 04016016 (2016)CrossRef Indraratna, B., Sun, Y., Nimbalkar, S.: Laboratory assessment of the role of particle size distribution on the deformation and degradation of ballast under cyclic loading. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 142(7), 04016016 (2016)CrossRef
go back to reference Indraratna, B., Tennakoon, N.C., Nimbalkar, S.S., Rujikiatkamjorn, C.: Behaviour of clay-fouled ballast under drained triaxial testing (2013) Indraratna, B., Tennakoon, N.C., Nimbalkar, S.S., Rujikiatkamjorn, C.: Behaviour of clay-fouled ballast under drained triaxial testing (2013)
go back to reference Koohmishi, M., Palassi, M.: Degradation of railway ballast under compressive loads considering particles rearrangement. Int. J. Pavement Eng. 1–13 (2018) Koohmishi, M., Palassi, M.: Degradation of railway ballast under compressive loads considering particles rearrangement. Int. J. Pavement Eng. 1–13 (2018)
go back to reference Lu, M., McDowell, G.: Discrete element modelling of railway ballast under monotonic and cyclic triaxial loading. Géotechnique 60(6), 459 (2010)CrossRef Lu, M., McDowell, G.: Discrete element modelling of railway ballast under monotonic and cyclic triaxial loading. Géotechnique 60(6), 459 (2010)CrossRef
go back to reference Marsal, R.J.: Large-scale testing of rockfill materials. J. Soil Mech. Found. Div. 93(2), 27–43 (1967)CrossRef Marsal, R.J.: Large-scale testing of rockfill materials. J. Soil Mech. Found. Div. 93(2), 27–43 (1967)CrossRef
go back to reference Masad, E., Fletcher, T.: Aggregate imaging system (AIMS): Basics and applications (2005) Masad, E., Fletcher, T.: Aggregate imaging system (AIMS): Basics and applications (2005)
go back to reference McDowell, G.R., Lim, W.L., Collop, A.C., Armitage, R., Thom, N.H.: Laboratory simulation of train loading and tamping on ballast. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the institution of civil engineers-transport (2005) McDowell, G.R., Lim, W.L., Collop, A.C., Armitage, R., Thom, N.H.: Laboratory simulation of train loading and tamping on ballast. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the institution of civil engineers-transport (2005)
go back to reference Moaveni, M., Qian, Y., Qamhia, I.I., Tutumluer, E., Basye, C., Li, D.: Morphological characterization of railroad ballast degradation trends in the field and laboratory. Transp. Res. Rec. 2545(1), 89–99 (2016)CrossRef Moaveni, M., Qian, Y., Qamhia, I.I., Tutumluer, E., Basye, C., Li, D.: Morphological characterization of railroad ballast degradation trends in the field and laboratory. Transp. Res. Rec. 2545(1), 89–99 (2016)CrossRef
go back to reference Nålsund, R., Tutumuler, E., Horvli, I.: Degradation of railway ballast through large scale triaxial and full scale rail track model tests. In: Paper presented at the Proceedings of the international conferences on the bearing capacity of roads, railways and airfields (2013) Nålsund, R., Tutumuler, E., Horvli, I.: Degradation of railway ballast through large scale triaxial and full scale rail track model tests. In: Paper presented at the Proceedings of the international conferences on the bearing capacity of roads, railways and airfields (2013)
go back to reference Qian, Y., Boler, H., Moaveni, M., Tutumluer, E., Hashash, Y.M., Ghaboussi, J.: Characterizing ballast degradation through Los Angeles abrasion test and image analysis. Transp. Res. Rec. 2448(1), 142–151 (2014)CrossRef Qian, Y., Boler, H., Moaveni, M., Tutumluer, E., Hashash, Y.M., Ghaboussi, J.: Characterizing ballast degradation through Los Angeles abrasion test and image analysis. Transp. Res. Rec. 2448(1), 142–151 (2014)CrossRef
go back to reference Qian, Y., Boler, H., Moaveni, M., Tutumluer, E., Hashash, Y.M., Ghaboussi, J.: Degradation-related changes in ballast gradation and aggregate particle morphology. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 143(8), 04017032 (2017)CrossRef Qian, Y., Boler, H., Moaveni, M., Tutumluer, E., Hashash, Y.M., Ghaboussi, J.: Degradation-related changes in ballast gradation and aggregate particle morphology. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 143(8), 04017032 (2017)CrossRef
go back to reference Röthlisberger, F., Cuénoud, J., Chastan, L., Däppen, J., Kuerzen, E.: Compressive Strength of Aggregates on the Stack, p. 59 (2006) Röthlisberger, F., Cuénoud, J., Chastan, L., Däppen, J., Kuerzen, E.: Compressive Strength of Aggregates on the Stack, p. 59 (2006)
go back to reference Sun, Q., Indraratna, B., Nimbalkar, S.: Effect of cyclic loading frequency on the permanent deformation and degradation of railway ballast. Géotechnique 64(9), 746–751 (2014)CrossRef Sun, Q., Indraratna, B., Nimbalkar, S.: Effect of cyclic loading frequency on the permanent deformation and degradation of railway ballast. Géotechnique 64(9), 746–751 (2014)CrossRef
go back to reference TB/T2328.14–2008: Test method for railway ballast. NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (2008) TB/T2328.14–2008: Test method for railway ballast. NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (2008)
Metadata
Title
Appraisal of Railway Ballast Degradation Through Los Angeles Abrasion, Cyclic Loading Tests, and Image Technics
Authors
Zhihong Nie
Mohammed Ashiru
Xingchen Chen
Said Hussein Mohamud
Copyright Year
2021
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80142-7_4