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Published in:
Navigation Jargon Read chapter Read first chapter

2024 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

3. Atmosphere

Author : Octavian Thor Pleter

Published in: Air Navigation

Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland

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Abstract

This chapter is an applied study of the Earth’s atmosphere. This is the differentiation point between legacy maritime navigation and air navigation. The atmosphere is the framework for flight. Flight dynamics allow the calculation of the flight trajectory with respect to the air. As the atmosphere is itself on the move, for the purpose of navigation, the aerodynamic trajectory needs to be converted to the ground reference, using the wind vector field. Starting with the basic principles of atmosphere physics, this Chapter presents the flight instruments measuring air pressure and airflow direction (aerodynamic instruments).

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previous chapter Geodesy
next chapter Directions, Azimuths, Horizon
Footnotes
1
Meters are used instead in China, North Korea and in CIS, including Russia; the latter is in transition from meters to feet, and meters are only left below the transition flight level.
 
2
Also 30 ft/hPa is being used for example in Numerical Close-up 3.1 but 27 ft/hPa is less inaccurate.
 
Literature
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Aron I, Lungu R, Cismaru C (1989) Sisteme de navigație aerospațială (Aerospace Navigation Systems). Ed. Scrisul Românesc, Craiova, Romania
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Kayton M, Fried W (eds) (1997) Avionics navigation systems, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York
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International Civil Aviation Organization (1993) ICAO Doc 7488/3, Manual to the ICAO Standard Atmosphere. ICAO, Montreal
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Oxford Aviation Training (2018) ATPL manual, book five, instrumentation, EASA 1st edn. CAE Oxford Aviation Academy, Oxford
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Pleter OT, Constantinescu CE, Ștefănescu IB (2003) The baro-geodetic coordinate frame in air navigation. University Politehnica of Bucharest Scientific Bulletin, D65(1-4)
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11.
Grigorie TL, Dincă L, Corcău JI, Grigorie O (2010). Aircrafts’ altitude measurement using pressure information: barometric altitude and density altitude. WSEAS Trans Circ Syst Issue 7(9)
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Picard A, Davis RS, Glaser M, Fujii K (2008) Revised formula for the density of moist air (CIPM-2007). Meterologia 45:149–155
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Călinescu MC (1940) Curs de Instrumente de Bord, Ediția a II-a (Board Instruments Course, 2nd edn). Școala de Ofițeri de Aviație, Bucharest, Romania
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Pleter OT (2009) Introduction to aerospace engineering, 2nd edn. Brainbond, Bucharest, Romania
Metadata
Title
Atmosphere
Author
Octavian Thor Pleter
Copyright Year
2024
Book
Air Navigation

Print ISBN: 978-3-031-52993-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-031-52994-8

Copyright Year: 2024

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52994-8_3

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