Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Machine Vision and Applications 6/2014

01-08-2014 | Original Paper

Automatic plant identification from photographs

Published in: Machine Vision and Applications | Issue 6/2014

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

We present a plant identification system for automatically identifying the plant in a given image. In addition to common difficulties faced in object recognition, such as light, pose and orientation variations, there are further difficulties particular to this problem, such as changing leaf shapes according to plant age and changes in the overall shape due to leaf composition. Our system uses a rich variety of shape, texture and color features, some being specific to the plant domain. The system has achieved the best overall score in the ImageCLEF’12 plant identification campaign in both the automatic and human-assisted categories. We report the results of this system on the publicly available ImageCLEF’12 plant dataset, as well as the effectiveness of individual features. The results show 61 and 81 % accuracies in classifying the 126 different plant species in the top-1 and top-5 choices.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference Belhumeur, P.N., Chen, D., Feiner, S., Jacobs, D.W., Kress, W.J., Ling, H., Lopez, I., Ramamoorthi, R., Sheorey, S., White, S., Zhang, L.: Searching the world’s herbaria: a system for visual identification of plant species. In: European Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 116–129, Marseille (2008) Belhumeur, P.N., Chen, D., Feiner, S., Jacobs, D.W., Kress, W.J., Ling, H., Lopez, I., Ramamoorthi, R., Sheorey, S., White, S., Zhang, L.: Searching the world’s herbaria: a system for visual identification of plant species. In: European Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 116–129, Marseille (2008)
2.
go back to reference Bruno, O.M., Plotze, R.de O., Falvo, M., de Castro, M.: Fractal dimension applied to plant identification. Inf. Sci. 178(12), 2722–2733 (2008)CrossRef Bruno, O.M., Plotze, R.de O., Falvo, M., de Castro, M.: Fractal dimension applied to plant identification. Inf. Sci. 178(12), 2722–2733 (2008)CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Goëau, H., Bonnet, P., Joly, A., Boujemaa, N., Barthelemy, D., Molino, J., Birnbaum, P., Mouysset, E., Picard, M.: The CLEF 2011 plant image classification task. In: CLEF 2011 Working Notes, Amsterdam (2011) Goëau, H., Bonnet, P., Joly, A., Boujemaa, N., Barthelemy, D., Molino, J., Birnbaum, P., Mouysset, E., Picard, M.: The CLEF 2011 plant image classification task. In: CLEF 2011 Working Notes, Amsterdam (2011)
4.
go back to reference Neto, J.C., Meyer, G.E., Jones, D.D.: Individual leaf extractions from young canopy images using Gustafson–Kessel clustering and a genetic algorithm. Comput. Electron. Agric. 51(1–2), 66–85 (2006)CrossRef Neto, J.C., Meyer, G.E., Jones, D.D.: Individual leaf extractions from young canopy images using Gustafson–Kessel clustering and a genetic algorithm. Comput. Electron. Agric. 51(1–2), 66–85 (2006)CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Yahiaoui, I., Hervé, N., Boujemaa, N.: Shape-based image retrieval in botanical collections. In: Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia, pp. 357–364, Hangzhou (2006) Yahiaoui, I., Hervé, N., Boujemaa, N.: Shape-based image retrieval in botanical collections. In: Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia, pp. 357–364, Hangzhou (2006)
6.
go back to reference Park, J., Hwang, E., Nam, Y.: Utilizing venation features for efficient leaf image retrieval. J. Syst. Softw. 81(1), 71–82 (2008)CrossRef Park, J., Hwang, E., Nam, Y.: Utilizing venation features for efficient leaf image retrieval. J. Syst. Softw. 81(1), 71–82 (2008)CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Wang, X.-F., Huang, D.-S., Du, J.-X., Xu, H., Heutte, L.: Classification of plant leaf images with complicated background. Appl. Math. Comput. 205(2), 916–926 (2008)CrossRefMATHMathSciNet Wang, X.-F., Huang, D.-S., Du, J.-X., Xu, H., Heutte, L.: Classification of plant leaf images with complicated background. Appl. Math. Comput. 205(2), 916–926 (2008)CrossRefMATHMathSciNet
8.
go back to reference Teng, C.H., Kuo, Y.T., Chen, Y.S.: Leaf segmentation, its 3d position estimation and leaf classification from a few images with very close viewpoints. In: International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, pp. 937–946, Halifax (2009) Teng, C.H., Kuo, Y.T., Chen, Y.S.: Leaf segmentation, its 3d position estimation and leaf classification from a few images with very close viewpoints. In: International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, pp. 937–946, Halifax (2009)
9.
go back to reference Villena-Román, J., Lana-Serrano, S., González-Cristóbal, J.C.: In: Proceeding of CLEF 2011 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2011) Villena-Román, J., Lana-Serrano, S., González-Cristóbal, J.C.: In: Proceeding of CLEF 2011 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2011)
10.
go back to reference Paris, S., Halkias, X., Glotin, H.: Participation of LSIS/DYNI to ImageCLEF 2012 plant images classification task. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012) Paris, S., Halkias, X., Glotin, H.: Participation of LSIS/DYNI to ImageCLEF 2012 plant images classification task. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012)
11.
go back to reference Goëau, H., Bonnet, P., Joly, A., Yahiaoui, I., Barthelemy, D., Boujemaa, N., Molino, J.: The ImageCLEF 2012 plant image identification task. In: ImageCLEF 2012 Working Notes, Rome (2012) Goëau, H., Bonnet, P., Joly, A., Yahiaoui, I., Barthelemy, D., Boujemaa, N., Molino, J.: The ImageCLEF 2012 plant image identification task. In: ImageCLEF 2012 Working Notes, Rome (2012)
12.
go back to reference Wang, Z., Chi, Z., Feng, D.: Shape based leaf image retrieval. IEE Proc. Vis. Image Signal Process. 150(1), 34–43 (2003)CrossRef Wang, Z., Chi, Z., Feng, D.: Shape based leaf image retrieval. IEE Proc. Vis. Image Signal Process. 150(1), 34–43 (2003)CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Wang, Z., Chi, Z., Feng, D., Wang, Q.: Leaf image retrieval with shape features. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Visual Information Systems, pp. 477–487, London (2000) Wang, Z., Chi, Z., Feng, D., Wang, Q.: Leaf image retrieval with shape features. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Visual Information Systems, pp. 477–487, London (2000)
14.
go back to reference Wang, Z., Lu, B., Chi, Z., Feng, D.: Leaf image classification with shape context and sift descriptors. In: International Conference on Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications, pp. 650–654, Queensland (2011) Wang, Z., Lu, B., Chi, Z., Feng, D.: Leaf image classification with shape context and sift descriptors. In: International Conference on Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications, pp. 650–654, Queensland (2011)
15.
go back to reference Neto, J.C., Meyer, G.E., Jones, D.D., Samal, A.K.: Plant species identification using elliptic Fourier leaf shape analysis. Comput. Electron. Agric. 50(2), 121–134 (2006)CrossRef Neto, J.C., Meyer, G.E., Jones, D.D., Samal, A.K.: Plant species identification using elliptic Fourier leaf shape analysis. Comput. Electron. Agric. 50(2), 121–134 (2006)CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Nam, Y., Hwang, E., Kim, D.: A similarity-based leaf image retrieval scheme: joining shape and venation features. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 110(2), 245–259 (2008)CrossRef Nam, Y., Hwang, E., Kim, D.: A similarity-based leaf image retrieval scheme: joining shape and venation features. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 110(2), 245–259 (2008)CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Lin, F., Zheng, C., Wang, X., Man, Q.: Multiple classification of plant leaves based on Gabor transform and LBP operator. In: Communications in Computer and Information Science, pp. 432–439, Shanghai (2008) Lin, F., Zheng, C., Wang, X., Man, Q.: Multiple classification of plant leaves based on Gabor transform and LBP operator. In: Communications in Computer and Information Science, pp. 432–439, Shanghai (2008)
18.
go back to reference Beghin, T., Cope, J.S., Remagnino, P., Barman, S.: Shape and texture based plant leaf classification. In: Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Visual Systems, pp. 345–353, Sydney (2010) Beghin, T., Cope, J.S., Remagnino, P., Barman, S.: Shape and texture based plant leaf classification. In: Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Visual Systems, pp. 345–353, Sydney (2010)
19.
go back to reference Hussein, A.N., Mashohor, S., Saripan, M.I.: A texture-based approach for content based image retrieval system for plant leaves images. In: International Colloquium on Signal Processing and its Applications, pp. 11–14, Penang (2011) Hussein, A.N., Mashohor, S., Saripan, M.I.: A texture-based approach for content based image retrieval system for plant leaves images. In: International Colloquium on Signal Processing and its Applications, pp. 11–14, Penang (2011)
20.
go back to reference Man, Q., Zheng, C., Wang, X., Lin, F.: Recognition of plant leaves using support vector machine. In: Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 15, pp. 192–199, Shanghai (2008) Man, Q., Zheng, C., Wang, X., Lin, F.: Recognition of plant leaves using support vector machine. In: Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 15, pp. 192–199, Shanghai (2008)
21.
go back to reference Chen, S.Y., Lee, C.L.: Classification of leaf images. Int. J. Imaging Syst. Technol. 16(1), 15–23 (2006)CrossRef Chen, S.Y., Lee, C.L.: Classification of leaf images. Int. J. Imaging Syst. Technol. 16(1), 15–23 (2006)CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Hossain, J., Amin, M.A.: Leaf shape identification based plant biometrics. In: International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, pp. 458–463, Dhaka (2010) Hossain, J., Amin, M.A.: Leaf shape identification based plant biometrics. In: International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, pp. 458–463, Dhaka (2010)
23.
go back to reference Du, J.X., Wang, X.-F., Zhang, G.-J.: Leaf shape based plant species recognition. Appl. Math. Comput. 185(2), 883–893 (2007)CrossRefMATH Du, J.X., Wang, X.-F., Zhang, G.-J.: Leaf shape based plant species recognition. Appl. Math. Comput. 185(2), 883–893 (2007)CrossRefMATH
24.
go back to reference Backes, A.R., Bruno, O.M.: Shape classification using complex network and multi-scale fractal dimension. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 31(1), 44–51 (2010)CrossRef Backes, A.R., Bruno, O.M.: Shape classification using complex network and multi-scale fractal dimension. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 31(1), 44–51 (2010)CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Casanova, D., Florindo, J.B., Gonçalves, W.N., Bruno, O.M.: IFSC/USP at ImageCLEF 2012: plant identification task. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012) Casanova, D., Florindo, J.B., Gonçalves, W.N., Bruno, O.M.: IFSC/USP at ImageCLEF 2012: plant identification task. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012)
26.
go back to reference Zhang, S., Lei, Y., Dong, T., Zhang, X.-P.: Label propagation based supervised locality projection analysis for plant leaf classification. Pattern Recogn. 46(7), 1891–1897 (2013) Zhang, S., Lei, Y., Dong, T., Zhang, X.-P.: Label propagation based supervised locality projection analysis for plant leaf classification. Pattern Recogn. 46(7), 1891–1897 (2013)
27.
go back to reference Manh, A.G., Rabatel, G., Assemat, L., Aldon, M.J.: Weed leaf image segmentation by deformable templates. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 80(2), 139–146 (2001)CrossRef Manh, A.G., Rabatel, G., Assemat, L., Aldon, M.J.: Weed leaf image segmentation by deformable templates. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 80(2), 139–146 (2001)CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Tang, X., Liu, M., Zhao, H., Tao, W.: Leaf extraction from complicated background. In: 2nd International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, pp. 1–5, Tianjin (2009) Tang, X., Liu, M., Zhao, H., Tao, W.: Leaf extraction from complicated background. In: 2nd International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, pp. 1–5, Tianjin (2009)
29.
go back to reference Valliammal, N., Geethalakshmi, S.N.: Hybrid image segmentation algorithm for leaf recognition and characterization. In: International Conference on Process Automation, Control and Computing, pp. 1–6, Tamilnadu (2011) Valliammal, N., Geethalakshmi, S.N.: Hybrid image segmentation algorithm for leaf recognition and characterization. In: International Conference on Process Automation, Control and Computing, pp. 1–6, Tamilnadu (2011)
30.
go back to reference Kebapci, H., Yanikoglu, B., Unal, G.: Plant image retrieval using color, shape and texture features. Comput. J. 53(1), 1–16 (2010)CrossRef Kebapci, H., Yanikoglu, B., Unal, G.: Plant image retrieval using color, shape and texture features. Comput. J. 53(1), 1–16 (2010)CrossRef
31.
go back to reference White, S.M., Marino, D., Feiner, S.: Designing a mobile user interface for automated species identification. In: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 291–294, San Jose (2007) White, S.M., Marino, D., Feiner, S.: Designing a mobile user interface for automated species identification. In: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 291–294, San Jose (2007)
32.
go back to reference Nilsback, M.E., Zisserman, A.: Delving deeper into the whorl of flower segmentation. Image Vis. Comput. 28(6), 1049–1062 (2009)CrossRef Nilsback, M.E., Zisserman, A.: Delving deeper into the whorl of flower segmentation. Image Vis. Comput. 28(6), 1049–1062 (2009)CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Saitoh, T., Aoki, K., Kaneko, T.: Automatic recognition of blooming flowers. In: International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 27–30, Cambridge (2004) Saitoh, T., Aoki, K., Kaneko, T.: Automatic recognition of blooming flowers. In: International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 27–30, Cambridge (2004)
34.
go back to reference Söderkvist, O.J.O.: Computer vision classification of leaves from Swedish trees. Master’s thesis, Linköping University, Linköping (2001) Söderkvist, O.J.O.: Computer vision classification of leaves from Swedish trees. Master’s thesis, Linköping University, Linköping (2001)
36.
go back to reference Agarwal, G., Belhumeur, P., Feiner, S., Jacobs, D., Kress, J.W.R., Ramamoorthi, N.B., Dixit, N., Ling, H., Russell, D., Mahajan, R., Shirdhonkar, S., Sunkavalli, K., White, S.: First steps toward an electronic field guide for plants. Taxon 55(3), 597–610 (2006)CrossRef Agarwal, G., Belhumeur, P., Feiner, S., Jacobs, D., Kress, J.W.R., Ramamoorthi, N.B., Dixit, N., Ling, H., Russell, D., Mahajan, R., Shirdhonkar, S., Sunkavalli, K., White, S.: First steps toward an electronic field guide for plants. Taxon 55(3), 597–610 (2006)CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Abbasi, S., Mokhtarian, F., Kittler, J.: Reliable classification of chrysanthemum leaves through curvature scale space. In: International Conference on Scale-Space Theory in Computer Vision, pp. 284–295, Utrecht (1997) Abbasi, S., Mokhtarian, F., Kittler, J.: Reliable classification of chrysanthemum leaves through curvature scale space. In: International Conference on Scale-Space Theory in Computer Vision, pp. 284–295, Utrecht (1997)
38.
go back to reference Mokhtarian, F., Abbasi, S.: Matching shapes with self-intersections: application to leaf classification. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 13(5), 653–661 (2004)CrossRef Mokhtarian, F., Abbasi, S.: Matching shapes with self-intersections: application to leaf classification. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 13(5), 653–661 (2004)CrossRef
39.
go back to reference Im, C., Nishida, H., Kunii, T.L.: Recognizing plant species by leaf shapes—a case study of the acer family. In: International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 1171–1173, Brisbane (1998) Im, C., Nishida, H., Kunii, T.L.: Recognizing plant species by leaf shapes—a case study of the acer family. In: International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 1171–1173, Brisbane (1998)
40.
go back to reference Pérez, A.J., López, F., Benlloch, J.V., Christensen, S.: Colour and shape analysis techniques for weed detection in cereal fields. Comput. Electron. Agric. 25(3), 197–212 (2000)CrossRef Pérez, A.J., López, F., Benlloch, J.V., Christensen, S.: Colour and shape analysis techniques for weed detection in cereal fields. Comput. Electron. Agric. 25(3), 197–212 (2000)CrossRef
41.
go back to reference Arora, A., Gupta, A., Bagmar, N., Mishra, S., Bhattacharya, A.: A plant identification system using shape and morphological features on segmented leaflets: team IITK, CLEF 2012. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012) Arora, A., Gupta, A., Bagmar, N., Mishra, S., Bhattacharya, A.: A plant identification system using shape and morphological features on segmented leaflets: team IITK, CLEF 2012. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012)
42.
go back to reference Bakic, V., Yahiaoui, I., Mouine, S., Litayem, S., Ouertani, W., Verroust-Blondet, A., Goëau, H., Joly, A.: Inria IMEDIA2’s participation at ImageCLEF 2012 plant identification task. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012) Bakic, V., Yahiaoui, I., Mouine, S., Litayem, S., Ouertani, W., Verroust-Blondet, A., Goëau, H., Joly, A.: Inria IMEDIA2’s participation at ImageCLEF 2012 plant identification task. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012)
43.
go back to reference Zheng, P., Zhao, Z.-Q., Glotin, H.: ZhaoHFUT at ImageCLEF 2012 plant identification task. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012) Zheng, P., Zhao, Z.-Q., Glotin, H.: ZhaoHFUT at ImageCLEF 2012 plant identification task. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012)
44.
go back to reference Böttcher, T., Schmidt, C., Zellhöfer, D., Schmitt, I.: BTU DBIS’ plant identification runs at ImageCLEF 2012. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012) Böttcher, T., Schmidt, C., Zellhöfer, D., Schmitt, I.: BTU DBIS’ plant identification runs at ImageCLEF 2012. In: Proceeding of CLEF 2012 Labs and Workshop, Notebook Papers. Rome, Italy (2012)
45.
go back to reference Manjunath, B.S., Ohm, J.R., Vasudevan, V.V., Yamada, A.: Color and texture descriptors. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 11(6), 703–715 (2001)CrossRef Manjunath, B.S., Ohm, J.R., Vasudevan, V.V., Yamada, A.: Color and texture descriptors. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 11(6), 703–715 (2001)CrossRef
46.
go back to reference Yanikoglu, B., Aptoula, E., Tirkaz, C.: Sabanci-Okan system at ImageCLEF 2012: combining features and classifiers for plant identification. In: CLEF Working Notes, Rome (2012) Yanikoglu, B., Aptoula, E., Tirkaz, C.: Sabanci-Okan system at ImageCLEF 2012: combining features and classifiers for plant identification. In: CLEF Working Notes, Rome (2012)
47.
go back to reference Otsu, N.: A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 9(1), 62–66 (1979)CrossRefMathSciNet Otsu, N.: A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 9(1), 62–66 (1979)CrossRefMathSciNet
48.
go back to reference Soille, P.: Constrained connectivity for hierarchical image partitioning and simplification. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 30(7), 1132–1145 (2008)CrossRef Soille, P.: Constrained connectivity for hierarchical image partitioning and simplification. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 30(7), 1132–1145 (2008)CrossRef
49.
go back to reference Aptoula, E., Lefèvre, S.: A basin morphology approach to colour image segmentation by region merging. In: Proceedings of the Asian Conference in Computer Vision, vol. 4843, pp. 935–944, Tokyo (2007) Aptoula, E., Lefèvre, S.: A basin morphology approach to colour image segmentation by region merging. In: Proceedings of the Asian Conference in Computer Vision, vol. 4843, pp. 935–944, Tokyo (2007)
50.
go back to reference Aptoula, E., Lefèvre, S.: On the morphological processing of hue. Image Vis. Comput. 27(9), 1394–1401 (2009)CrossRef Aptoula, E., Lefèvre, S.: On the morphological processing of hue. Image Vis. Comput. 27(9), 1394–1401 (2009)CrossRef
51.
go back to reference Beucher, S., Meyer, F.: The morphological approach to segmentation: the watershed transformation. In: Dougherty, E.R. (ed.) Mathematical Morphology in Image Processing, pp. 433–482. Dekker, New York (1993) Beucher, S., Meyer, F.: The morphological approach to segmentation: the watershed transformation. In: Dougherty, E.R. (ed.) Mathematical Morphology in Image Processing, pp. 433–482. Dekker, New York (1993)
52.
go back to reference Knight, D., Painter, J., Potter, M.: Automatic plant leaf classification for a mobile field guide (2010) Knight, D., Painter, J., Potter, M.: Automatic plant leaf classification for a mobile field guide (2010)
53.
go back to reference Shu, X., Wu, X.-J.: A novel contour descriptor for 2d shape matching and its application to image retrieval. Image Vis. Comput. 29(4), 286–294 (2011)CrossRef Shu, X., Wu, X.-J.: A novel contour descriptor for 2d shape matching and its application to image retrieval. Image Vis. Comput. 29(4), 286–294 (2011)CrossRef
54.
go back to reference Aptoula, E.: Comparative study of moment based parameterization for morphological texture description. J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent. 23(8), 1213–1224 (2012)CrossRef Aptoula, E.: Comparative study of moment based parameterization for morphological texture description. J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent. 23(8), 1213–1224 (2012)CrossRef
55.
go back to reference Aptoula, E.: Extending morphological covariance. Pattern Recogn. 45(12), 4524–4535 (2012)CrossRef Aptoula, E.: Extending morphological covariance. Pattern Recogn. 45(12), 4524–4535 (2012)CrossRef
56.
go back to reference Yanikoglu, B., Aptoula, E., Tirkaz, C.: Sabanci-Okan system at ImageCLEF 2011: plant identification task. In: CLEF Working Notes, Amsterdam (2011) Yanikoglu, B., Aptoula, E., Tirkaz, C.: Sabanci-Okan system at ImageCLEF 2011: plant identification task. In: CLEF Working Notes, Amsterdam (2011)
57.
go back to reference Ma, W.Y., Manjunath, B.S.: Texture features and learning similarity. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), pp. 425–430 (1996) Ma, W.Y., Manjunath, B.S.: Texture features and learning similarity. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), pp. 425–430 (1996)
58.
go back to reference Manjunath, B.S., Ma, W.Y.: Texture features for browsing and retrieval of image data. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 18(8), 837–842 (1996)CrossRef Manjunath, B.S., Ma, W.Y.: Texture features for browsing and retrieval of image data. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 18(8), 837–842 (1996)CrossRef
59.
go back to reference Hanbury, A.: Circular statistics applied to colour images. In: Computer Vision Winter Workshop, pp. 55–60, Valtice (2003) Hanbury, A.: Circular statistics applied to colour images. In: Computer Vision Winter Workshop, pp. 55–60, Valtice (2003)
60.
go back to reference Mindru, F., Tuytelaars, T., Van Gool, L., Moons, T.: Moment invariants for recognition under changing viewpoint and illumination. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 94(1–3), 3–27 (2004)CrossRef Mindru, F., Tuytelaars, T., Van Gool, L., Moons, T.: Moment invariants for recognition under changing viewpoint and illumination. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 94(1–3), 3–27 (2004)CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Automatic plant identification from photographs
Publication date
01-08-2014
Published in
Machine Vision and Applications / Issue 6/2014
Print ISSN: 0932-8092
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1769
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-014-0612-7

Other articles of this Issue 6/2014

Machine Vision and Applications 6/2014 Go to the issue

Premium Partner