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Published in:
2009 | OriginalPaper | Chapter
Beaver: Engineering an Efficient SMT Solver for Bit-Vector Arithmetic
Authors : Susmit Jha, Rhishikesh Limaye, Sanjit A. Seshia
Published in: Computer Aided Verification
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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We present the key ideas in the design and implementation of Beaver, an SMT solver for quantifier-free finite-precision bit-vector logic (QF_BV). Beaver uses an eager approach, encoding the original SMT problem into a Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem using a series of word-level and bit-level transformations. In this paper, we describe the most effective transformations, such as propagating constants and equalities at the word-level, and using and-inverter graph rewriting techniques at the bit-level. We highlight implementation details of these transformations that distinguishes Beaver from other solvers. We present an experimental analysis of the effectiveness of Beaver’s techniques on both hardware and software benchmarks with a selection of back-end SAT solvers.
Beaver is an open-source tool implemented in Ocaml, usable with any back-end SAT engine, and has a well-documented extensible code base that can be used to experiment with new algorithms and techniques.