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International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering

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27-01-2022 | Original Research

Bio-oil hydrodeoxygenation over zeolite-based catalyst: the effect of zeolite activation and nickel loading on product characteristics

Authors: Saharman Gea, Irvan, Karna Wijaya, Asma Nadia, Ahmad Nasir Pulungan, Junifa Layla Sihombing, Rahayu

Published in: International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering | Issue 2/2022

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Abstract

Bio-oil, as an alternative to fossil fuel, is unstable as it contains high levels of oxygenated compounds that affect the quality and stability, especially on the physicochemical properties and stability of its constituent components. Efforts to strengthen bio-oil need to be done to improve the quality and performance as biofuel. One of the most developed methods is hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). In this study, the effort to upgrade bio-oil via hydrodeoxygenation method was carried out by using bifunctional zeolite-based catalysts activated by various concentrations of mineral acids and Ni metal impregnation. HDO was carried out in a fixed-bed system reactor with 1:40 catalyst-to-bio-oil ratio at 250 °C for 2 h. Ni/B3 showed better performance among other catalysts in improving the quality of bio-oil—observed from high HHV (up to 21 MJ/kg), low water content (up to 13%), and a high degree of deoxygenation (88%). In addition, carboxylic acid as the main component of bio-oil had reduced significantly due to the occurrence of ketonization that produced ketones and decarboxylation, and released CO₂ gas. Meanwhile, the increase in phenol levels indicated the hydrogenation of methoxy phenol during HDO reaction.

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Title: Bio-oil hydrodeoxygenation over zeolite-based catalyst: the effect of zeolite activation and nickel loading on product characteristics
Authors: Saharman Gea
Irvan
Karna Wijaya
Asma Nadia
Ahmad Nasir Pulungan
Junifa Layla Sihombing
Rahayu
Publication date: 27-01-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering / Issue 2/2022
Print ISSN: 2008-9163
Electronic ISSN: 2251-6832
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40095-021-00467-0

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