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2015 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

10. Bioenergy: Biofuels Process Technology

Authors : Ajay Kumar, Joginder Singh, Chinnappan Baskar, Seeram Ramakrishna

Published in: Advances in Bioprocess Technology

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Bioenergy is a renewable source of primary energy, and its sustainable use does not emit carbon dioxide. Two main drivers have pushed renewable energy production to the top of global agendas: climate change and energy security. Rising concern over depleting fossil fuel and greenhouse gas limits has resulted in a high level of interest in non-conventional fuel originating from bio-renewable sources including sugars, starches, lignocellulosic materials and algal biomass. Bioenergy crops can be grown for two contrasting markets: power generation (electricity, heat, and combined heat and power) and liquid transport fuels. Although over one billion tons of biomass per year would be potentially available to meet the 30 % replacement of petroleum derived gasoline in 2030, the high cost of biomass could be a serious hindrance if potential lands and feedstocks are not managed and utilized efficiently. Biofuels such as Ethanol, Butanol, Hydrogen gas etc. produced from various lignocellulosic materials such as wood, agricultural and forest residues has the potential to be a valuable substitute for, or complement to, gasoline. Oil-seed crops are also by far the largest group of exploitable renewable biomass resource for liquid fuel such as biodiesel and energy generation. Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly fuel that can be used in any diesel engine without modification. A technology using microbial fuel cells (MFCs) that convert the energy stored in chemical bonds in organic compounds to electrical energy achieved through the catalytic reactions by microorganisms has generated considerable interests among academic researchers in recent years. Currently, real-world applications of MFCs are limited because of their low power density level of several thousand mW/m².

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Title: Bioenergy: Biofuels Process Technology
Authors: Ajay Kumar
Joginder Singh
Chinnappan Baskar
Seeram Ramakrishna
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Advances in Bioprocess Technology
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17914-8

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-17915-5

Copyright Year: 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17915-5_10