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2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

13. Biologically Based Materials

Author : Mats Larsson

Published in: Circular Business Models

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Plastics are increasingly used for all kinds of products. As the world is facing an impending decline in oil production, there is a need to rapidly adopt new materials on a large scale, based on renewable feedstocks. The process of adoption is, however, at an early stage in its development. The volumes of biologically based materials that are available are limited and the volumes of materials that need to be replaced are very large. Despite the urgent need to replace petroleum-based plastics and other materials, many companies that develop new ones find it difficult to find pilot customers. New materials tend to be more expensive and large investments often need to be made in processes in order to utilize the new and innovative alternatives.

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Footnotes
4
Tong, Z; Pullammanappallil, P, and Teixeira, A.A.—How Ethanol Is Made from Cellulosic Biomass.
 
6
One barrel of oil amounts to 159 litres, but with ethanol being slightly less dense in terms of energy, the equivalent of 10 barrels amounting to 1500 litres is a close comparison.
 
7
Uddenfeldt, Therese, Gratislunchen, p. 206.
 
8
http://​www.​worldwatch.​org/​global-plastic-production-rises-recycling-lags-0, Worldwatch Institute—Global Plastic Production Rises, Recycling Lags, 28 January 2015.
 
Literature
go back to reference Tong, Z., Pullammanappallil, P., & Teixeira, A. A. How Ethanol Is Made from Cellulosic Biomass. Gainesville: IFAS Extension, University of Florida. Tong, Z., Pullammanappallil, P., & Teixeira, A. A. How Ethanol Is Made from Cellulosic Biomass. Gainesville: IFAS Extension, University of Florida.
go back to reference Uddenfeldt, T. (2016). Gratislunchen. Stockholm: Albert Bonniers Förlag. Uddenfeldt, T. (2016). Gratislunchen. Stockholm: Albert Bonniers Förlag.
Metadata
Title
Biologically Based Materials
Author
Mats Larsson
Copyright Year
2018
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71791-3_13