Introduction
Materials and methods
Data description
Year | # commercials | # co-occurrence keywords per commercial | # categories | # subcategories |
---|---|---|---|---|
2006 | 1,591,712 | 3.30 | 39 | 132 |
2007 | 1,610,762 | 3.51 | 39 | 129 |
2008 | 1,590,339 | 3.64 | 40 | 129 |
2009 | 1,592,488 | 3.81 | 40 | 129 |
2010 | 1,652,888 | 4.29 | 40 | 130 |
2011 | 1,657,522 | 4.42 | 40 | 130 |
2012 | 1,676,052 | 4.60 | 40 | 129 |
2013 | 1,676,414 | 4.69 | 38 | 128 |
2014 | 1,672,136 | 4.71 | 38 | 129 |
2015 | 1,683,645 | 5.42 | 40 | 129 |
2016 | 1,700,535 | 6.06 | 39 | 129 |
2017 | 1,682,171 | 6.57 | 39 | 130 |
2018 | 1,672,548 | 7.29 | 38 | 131 |
2019 | 1,657,577 | 7.58 | 37 | 128 |
2020 | 804,827 | 7.37 | 37 | 128 |
Analysis of co-occurrence network of TV commercials and image structure
Results
Cores of image structure and temporal changes
Year | # nodes | # edges | Density | Mean degree | Mean strength | # com | Q |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2006 | 20,980 | 79,095 | \(3.59\times 10^{-4}\) | 7.54 | 0.06 | 751 | 0.38 |
2007 | 18,915 | 84,788 | \(4.74\times 10^{-4}\) | 8.97 | 0.08 | 433 | 0.34 |
2008 | 17,383 | 88,294 | \(5.84\times 10^{-4}\) | 10.16 | 0.09 | 263 | 0.31 |
2009 | 16,926 | 95,191 | \(6.65\times 10^{-4}\) | 11.25 | 0.11 | 147 | 0.30 |
2010 | 19,110 | 125,658 | \(6.88\times 10^{-4}\) | 13.15 | 0.12 | 82 | 0.28 |
2011 | 20,275 | 135,329 | \(6.58\times 10^{-4}\) | 13.35 | 0.12 | 116 | 0.30 |
2012 | 22,491 | 147,912 | \(5.85\times 10^{-4}\) | 13.15 | 0.12 | 156 | 0.32 |
2013 | 22,524 | 148,693 | \(5.86\times 10^{-4}\) | 13.20 | 0.12 | 118 | 0.32 |
2014 | 22,597 | 149,861 | \(5.87\times 10^{-4}\) | 13.26 | 0.12 | 133 | 0.33 |
2015 | 30,811 | 236,738 | \(4.99\times 10^{-4}\) | 15.37 | 0.14 | 151 | 0.36 |
2016 | 37,107 | 303,259 | \(4.40\times 10^{-4}\) | 16.35 | 0.14 | 177 | 0.37 |
2017 | 36,312 | 328,386 | \(4.98\times 10^{-4}\) | 18.09 | 0.16 | 120 | 0.35 |
2018 | 35,121 | 371,264 | \(6.02\times 10^{-4}\) | 21.14 | 0.19 | 66 | 0.30 |
2019 | 32,766 | 371,899 | \(6.93\times 10^{-4}\) | 22.70 | 0.21 | 52 | 0.28 |
2020 | 19,895 | 211,498 | \(1.07\times 10^{-3}\) | 21.26 | 0.20 | 33 | 0.28 |
2006 | Cinema scope | Woman | Man | Animation | Man and woman |
60.97 (5212) | 39.34 (3238) | 23.78 (2138) | 21.68 (2153) | 9.14 (930) | |
2007 | Cinema scope | Woman | Man | Animation | Man and woman |
68.12 (5362) | 54.18 (3920) | 35.74 (2813) | 24.48 (2190) | 11.73 (1086) | |
2008 | Cinema scope | Woman | Man | Animation | Man and woman |
74.84 (5571) | 58.29 (4026) | 40.69 (3005) | 25.92 (2236) | 13.42 (1193) | |
2009 | Cinema scope | Woman | Man | Animation | Man and woman |
99.13 (7045) | 65.67 (4385) | 47.45 (3425) | 28.74 (2359) | 16.19 (1,385) | |
2010 | Cinema scope | Woman | Man | Animation | Man and woman |
117.15 (8205) | 87.88 (5809) | 66.08 (4752) | 29.27 (2460) | 23.17 (1,908) | |
2011 | Woman | Man | Animation | Cinema scope | Man and woman |
98.23 (6441) | 70.57 (4964) | 30.46 (2593) | 24.60 (2145) | 21.87 (1,837) | |
2012 | Woman | Man | Animation | Man and woman | Product |
103.53 (7033) | 71.06 (5076) | 32.52 (2761) | 24.54 (2057) | 22.77 (1,938) | |
2013 | Woman | Man | Animation | Product | Man and woman |
99.20 (6772) | 71.94 (5265) | 33.05 (2787) | 24.95 (2111) | 24.60 (2034) | |
2014 | Woman | Man | Animation | Product | Man and woman |
94.76 (6520) | 67.91 (5024) | 32.53 (271) | 24.77 (225) | 21.20 (1832) | |
2015 | Woman | Man | Product | Animation | Man and woman |
116.56 (8513) | 85.24 (6468) | 52.27 (4489) | 41.30 (3565) | 30.27 (2612) | |
2016 | Woman | Man | Product | Animation | Cinema scope |
123.52 (9514) | 86.73 (7096) | 65.33 (5656) | 46.16 (410) | 43.98 (4100) | |
2017 | Woman | Product | Man | Cinema scope | Logo |
128.12 (9810) | 97.50 (8075) | 92.86 (7372) | 57.67 (5086) | 53.55 (4768) | |
2018 | Woman | Product | Logo | Man | White back |
132.80 (9703) | 132.19 (10,539) | 123.76 (9813) | 105.29 (8082) | 102.80 (8133) | |
2019 | Logo | Product | White back | Woman | Man |
165.55 (11,951) | 153.51 (11,365) | 145.06 (10,609) | 139.83 (9693) | 116.83 (8368) | |
2020 | Logo | Product | White back | Woman | Man |
110.14 (8008) | 100.18 (7540) | 97.17 (7215) | 89.66 (6329) | 74.35 (5396) |
Temporal change of community structure
2006 | Cinema scope | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | \(\hbox {Family}^*\) | Logo | Man and woman |
3189 | 2760 | 2219 | 1325 | 1238 | 975 | 911 | |
2007 | Cinema scope | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | Product | \(\hbox {Family}^*\) | Man and woman |
2386 | 2114 | 1891 | 1825 | 1762 | 1716 | 1175 | |
2008 | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Cinema scope | Animation\(^*\) | Indoor | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | Girl | Dance |
2652 | 2566 | 2255 | 2086 | 1607 | 1044 | 737 | |
2009 | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Cinema scope | Animation\(^*\) | Product | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | \(\hbox {Family}^*\) | Sing |
2451 | 2382 | 2099 | 1972 | 1775 | 1702 | 1146 | |
2010 | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Product | Cinema scope | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Eat}^*\) | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | Sing |
2966 | 2375 | 2356 | 2335 | 2001 | 1958 | 1606 | |
2011 | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | \(\hbox {Eat}^*\) | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | Character | Cinema scope | Sing |
3201 | 2409 | 2390 | 2021 | 1567 | 1528 | 1468 | |
2012 | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Sing | Product | Drink | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | \(\hbox {Family}^*\) |
3335 | 2864 | 2112 | 1962 | 1903 | 1837 | 1696 | |
2013 | Woman | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | \(\hbox {Family}^*\) | City | Sing | Eat |
3702 | 3381 | 2160 | 1984 | 1969 | 1741 | 1563 | |
2014 | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Family}^*\) | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | City | Sing | Character |
3848 | 3317 | 2700 | 2196 | 1955 | 1787 | 1214 | |
2015 | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Cinema scope | \(\hbox {Eat}^*\) | Product | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | Sing |
4144 | 3394 | 3364 | 3226 | 3139 | 2940 | 2363 | |
2016 | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Eat}^*\) | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | Black back | Sea | Character |
6320 | 5598 | 3975 | 2795 | 2768 | 2458 | 2152 | |
2017 | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Product}^*\) | \(\hbox {Eat}^*\) | Cinema scope | Logo | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Dance |
4612 | 4569 | 3934 | 3824 | 3776 | 3573 | 2428 | |
2018 | \(\hbox {Product}^*\) | Animation\(^*\) | \(\hbox {Eat}^*\) | Logo | Cinema scope | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) | Aerial view |
5369 | 4091 | 3828 | 3608 | 3546 | 3450 | 3286 | |
2019 | \(\hbox {product}^*\) | Cinema scope | Black \(\hbox {Back}^*\) | Logo | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | \(\hbox {Eat}^*\) | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) |
4590 | 4471 | 4265 | 4143 | 3414 | 3087 | 2466 | |
2020 | Cinema scope | \(\hbox {Product}^*\) | \(\hbox {Man}^*\) | Logo | Animation\(^*\) | White back | \(\hbox {Woman}^*\) |
3147 | 2627 | 2576 | 2035 | 1832 | 1529 | 1418 |
Stream | Year | Nodes |
---|---|---|
2006 | Woman, walk, eat, inside a store, sofa, stairs, office | |
2007 | Woman, indoor, photo, PC, sofa, bicycle, sit | |
2008 | Woman, product, drink, tell, inside a store, small screen, stairs | |
2009 | Woman, indoor, drink, tell, dog, mobile phone, PC | |
2010 | Woman, tell, indoor, walk, room, mobile phone, city | |
2011 | Woman, indoor, walk, room, city, PC, dog | |
Stream 1 | 2012 | Woman, indoor, walk, room, inside a store, pose, stairs |
‘Woman’ | 2013 | Woman, product, indoor, room, paint, cafe, stairs |
‘Product’ | 2014 | Woman, product, indoor, walk, impression, stairs, paint |
2015 | Woman, indoor, walk, smile, room, flower, fireworks | |
2016 | Woman, product, tell, indoor, walk, photo, smile | |
2017 | Product, tell, smile, studio, close-up a face, round frame, a word | |
2018 | Product, man and woman, drink, pose, surprise, tell, illustration | |
2019 | Product, indoor, a word, round frame, product in hand, description, studio | |
2020 | Product, product in hand, round frame, blue back, another product, | |
impression, image | ||
2006 | Animation, run, boy, C.G., fly, flame, fight | |
2007 | Animation, boy, run, C.G., fight, cry, flame | |
2008 | Animation, run, boy, illustration, fight, explosion, forest | |
2009 | Animation, girl, run, boy, flame, explosion, C.G. | |
2010 | Animation, girl, run, boy, character, card, flame | |
2011 | Animation, girl, boy, run, character, game screen, C.G. | |
Stream 2 | 2012 | Animation, cinema scope, girl, run, boy, character, card |
‘Animation’ | 2013 | Animation, cinema scope, girl, character, logo, boy, run |
‘Black back’ | 2014 | Animation, cinema scope, character, logo, boy, run, card |
2015 | Animation, logo, girl, boy, character, CG, game screen | |
2016 | Animation, run, girl, boy, game screen, character, illustration | |
2017 | Animation, girl, character, game screen, boy, illustration, pose | |
2018 | Animation, white back logo, girl, character, boy, shout, game screen | |
2019 | Black back, animation, white back logo, run, girl, character, boy | |
2020 | Animation, girl, character, boy, card, game screen, flame | |
2006 | Family, married couple, mother, child, daughter, father, wife | |
2007 | Family, eat, child, mother, daughter, father, mother and a child | |
2008 | Indoor, family, child, eat, photo, mother, married couple | |
2009 | Family, eat, child, married couple, mother, boy, girl | |
2010 | Eat, family, child, mother, married couple, photo, boy | |
2011 | Eat, family, child, married couple, mother, inside a store, girl | |
Stream 3 | 2012 | Family, child, mother, girl, boy, dog, father |
‘Family’ | 2013 | Family, married couple, child, mother, boy, conversation, photo |
‘Eat’ | 2014 | Family, eat, married couple, mother, child, inside a store, taste |
2015 | Eat, drink, family, surprise, married couple, inside a store, kitchen | |
2016 | Eat, family, married couple, red back, girl, child, kitchen | |
2017 | Eat, family, laugh, married couple, cooking, parent and child, inside a store | |
2018 | Eat, family, laugh, parent and child, cooking, child, kitchen | |
2019 | Eat, family, photo, parent and child, cooking, kitchen, inside a store | |
2020 | Eat, baby, field, white back,logo, cut, sleep, curry |
Stream | Year | Nodes |
---|---|---|
2006 | Man, drink, tell, train, rooftop, surprise, building | |
2007 | Man, tell, office, TV, look, bench, still image | |
2008 | Man, sea, bicycle, laugh, store, rooftop, desert | |
2009 | Man, TV, office, phone, class room, meeting, speak | |
2010 | Man, office, suited man, stairs, speak, window, question | |
2011 | Man, black and white, office, kimono woman, laugh, surprise, greeting | |
Stream 4 | 2012 | Man, office, surprise, phone, greeting, another man, studio |
‘Man’ | 2013 | Man, black and white, surprise, phone, laugh, another man, question |
2014 | Man, office, conversation, phone, park, question, meeting | |
2015 | Man, office, conversation, laugh, phone, cafe, cry | |
2016 | Man, office, laugh, bicycle, greeting, phone, park | |
2017 | Man, another man, cat, izakaya, in a bus, Japanese room, call | |
2018 | Man, speak, another man, cafe, pointing, man, close-up, worried | |
2019 | Man, drink, laugh, surprise, speak, conversation, tell | |
2020 | Man, man and woman, a word, surprise, pose, speak, laugh | |
2006 | Woman, walk, eat, inside a store, sofa, stairs, office | |
2007 | Woman, indoor, photo, PC, sofa, bicycle, sit | |
2008 | Woman, product, drink, tell, inside a store, small screen, stairs | |
2009 | Woman, indoor, drink, tell, dog, mobile phone, PC | |
2010 | Woman, tell, indoor, walk, room, mobile phone, city | |
2011 | Woman, indoor, walk, room, city, PC, dog | |
Stream 5 | 2012 | Woman, indoor, walk, room, inside a store, pose, stairs |
‘Woman’ | 2013 | Woman, product, indoor, room, paint, cafe, stairs |
2014 | Woman, product, indoor, walk, impression, stairs, paint | |
2015 | Woman, indoor, walk, smile, room, flower, fireworks | |
2016 | Woman, product, tell, indoor, walk, photo, smile | |
2017 | Woman, indoor, walk, office, dog, wave a hand, stairs | |
2018 | Woman, smile, walk, indoor, sky, dog, photograph | |
2019 | Woman, smile, pose, office, turn around, sit, cafe | |
2020 | Woman, walk, another woman, step, jump, turn around, sit |