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2022 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

7. Combustion Instabilities and Control in Compression Ignition, Low-Temperature Combustion, and Gasoline Compression Ignition Engines

Authors : M. Krishnamoorthi, Avinash Kumar Agarwal

Published in: Gasoline Compression Ignition Technology

Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore

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Abstract

Emission regulations for gasoline and diesel engines are becoming stricter globally. Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) is low-temperature combustion (LTC) mode that can reduce oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) simultaneously and increase the engine efficiency while using gasoline-like fuels in compression ignition engines. Even though it seems optimistic, LTC mode engines have not been commercially successful because of complications in controlling the cycle-to-cycle variations, combustion duration, and combustion phasing. GCI works satisfactorily at medium engine loads. However, GCI mode operations on challenging in cold-start and peak load conditions. Light load combustion instabilities, ringing intensity during high loads, and misfire during cold-start conditions are the main challenges GCI combustion engines face. Fuel reforming, negative valve overlap (NVO), intake charge conditioning, and advanced fuel injection strategies are employed to minimize these issues. Combustion instabilities are also noticed when the engine shifts from one mode to another mode. Using gasoline-type fuel instead of diesel is advantageous because it allows more time for air–fuel mixing, yielding a leaner mixture. Hence, it is not easy to control the onset of ignition at the desired crank angle position. This chapter focuses on the effect of operating conditions on GCI engine combustion instabilities and strategies to control them. Combustion instabilities are primarily related to residual gas composition and temperature, fuel properties, ambient air temperature, and engine speed. Combustion phasing is responsive to the oxidizer’s fuel reactivity, fuel mass, intake charge temperature, and chemical composition. Multiple injection strategies, effective piston bowl design, fuel stratification, and variable turbulence intensity are the possible areas to improve combustion stability.

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Title: Combustion Instabilities and Control in Compression Ignition, Low-Temperature Combustion, and Gasoline Compression Ignition Engines
Authors: M. Krishnamoorthi
Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Book: Gasoline Compression Ignition Technology
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-8734-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-16-8735-8

Copyright Year: 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8735-8_7

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