Skip to main content
Top

2017 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Comparison of Computed and Observed Probabilities of Failure and Core Damage Frequencies

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The Fukushima event has again questioned the safety of nuclear power plants (NPP). Statisticians and parts of the public claim that there is a significant difference of the Core Damage Frequency (CDF) based on Probabilistic Safety Analysis (PSA) and on historical data of accidents including the Fukushima event. This paper compares the results of both approaches including a short discussion of the goal values, the different methodologies, special properties of the different technical systems and the history. Furthermore, the paper extends the comparison approach also to the safety of structures. The safety of structures is often expressed as Probability of Failure (PF). Finally, results of both comparisons are given in the paper.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Akiyama M, Frangopol DM, Arai M, Koshimura S (2012) Probabilistic assessment of structural performance of bridges under tsunami hazard. In: 43rd structures congress, March 29–31, 2012, Chicago Akiyama M, Frangopol DM, Arai M, Koshimura S (2012) Probabilistic assessment of structural performance of bridges under tsunami hazard. In: 43rd structures congress, March 29–31, 2012, Chicago
go back to reference CEB (1976) Comité Euro-international du beton: international system of unified standard—codes of practice for structures. Volume I: Common unified rules for different types of construction and material (3rd Draft, Master Copy), Bulletin d’information 116 E, Paris, November 1976 CEB (1976) Comité Euro-international du beton: international system of unified standard—codes of practice for structures. Volume I: Common unified rules for different types of construction and material (3rd Draft, Master Copy), Bulletin d’information 116 E, Paris, November 1976
go back to reference CIRIA (1977) Rationalisation of safety and serviceability factors in structural codes, Report No. 63, Construction industry research and information association, London CIRIA (1977) Rationalisation of safety and serviceability factors in structural codes, Report No. 63, Construction industry research and information association, London
go back to reference Cook W (2014) Bridge failure rates, consequences and predictive trends. Dissersion, Utah State University Logan Cook W (2014) Bridge failure rates, consequences and predictive trends. Dissersion, Utah State University Logan
go back to reference Dedman B (2011) What are the odds? US nuke plants ranked by quake risk. NBCnews Dedman B (2011) What are the odds? US nuke plants ranked by quake risk. NBCnews
go back to reference Der Prüfingenieur (2004) April 2004, Nachrichten, Seite 7 Der Prüfingenieur (2004) April 2004, Nachrichten, Seite 7
go back to reference DIN 1055-100 (1999) Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke, Teil 100: Grundlagen der Tragwerksplanung, Sicherheitskonzept und Bemessungsregeln, Juli 1999 DIN 1055-100 (1999) Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke, Teil 100: Grundlagen der Tragwerksplanung, Sicherheitskonzept und Bemessungsregeln, Juli 1999
go back to reference Dunker KF (1993) Why America’s bridges are crumbling. Sci Am 266(3):18–25CrossRef Dunker KF (1993) Why America’s bridges are crumbling. Sci Am 266(3):18–25CrossRef
go back to reference Epstein W (2011) A probabilistic risk assessment practitioner looks at the great east Japan earthquake and tsunami, A Ninokata Laboratory White Paper, April 29 2011, Tokyo Institute of Technology Epstein W (2011) A probabilistic risk assessment practitioner looks at the great east Japan earthquake and tsunami, A Ninokata Laboratory White Paper, April 29 2011, Tokyo Institute of Technology
go back to reference Ferrante F, Bensi M, Mitman J (2013) Uncertainty analysis for large dam failure frequencies base on historical data, NRC, ADAMS Accession No. ML13198A170 Ferrante F, Bensi M, Mitman J (2013) Uncertainty analysis for large dam failure frequencies base on historical data, NRC, ADAMS Accession No. ML13198A170
go back to reference GruSiBau (1981) Normenausschuß Bauwesen im DIN: Grundlagen zur Festlegung von Sicherheitsanfor-derungen für bauliche Anlagen. Ausgabe GruSiBau (1981) Normenausschuß Bauwesen im DIN: Grundlagen zur Festlegung von Sicherheitsanfor-derungen für bauliche Anlagen. Ausgabe
go back to reference IFO (2005) Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung e.V., Statistisches Bundesamt: Die volkswirtschaftliche Bedeutung der Immobilienwirtschaft, Sonderausgabe, Seite 47 IFO (2005) Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung e.V., Statistisches Bundesamt: Die volkswirtschaftliche Bedeutung der Immobilienwirtschaft, Sonderausgabe, Seite 47
go back to reference ISO 8930 (1991) Allgemeine Grundsätze für die Zuverlässigkeit von Tragwerken. März ISO 8930 (1991) Allgemeine Grundsätze für die Zuverlässigkeit von Tragwerken. März
go back to reference Jaeger TA (1970) Das Risikoproblem in der Technik, Schweizer Archiv 36 Jaeger TA (1970) Das Risikoproblem in der Technik, Schweizer Archiv 36
go back to reference Janke, R.; Stoll, U.; Grasnick, C. (2016): Nachfrage nach Nachrüstungen international, industrielle Trends; Rolle von Sicherheitsmargen, Nachrüstkonzepte und –möglichkeiten, atw, Vol. 61, Issue 2, pg. 116–124 Janke, R.; Stoll, U.; Grasnick, C. (2016): Nachfrage nach Nachrüstungen international, industrielle Trends; Rolle von Sicherheitsmargen, Nachrüstkonzepte und –möglichkeiten, atw, Vol. 61, Issue 2, pg. 116–124
go back to reference Joint Committee of Structural Safety (JCSS) (2003) Probabilistic model code. 12th Draft Joint Committee of Structural Safety (JCSS) (2003) Probabilistic model code. 12th Draft
go back to reference Kaiser JC (2012) Empirical risk analysis of severe reactor accidents in nuclear power plants after Fukushima, vol 2012. Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations, Article ID 384987, p 6 Kaiser JC (2012) Empirical risk analysis of severe reactor accidents in nuclear power plants after Fukushima, vol 2012. Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations, Article ID 384987, p 6
go back to reference Kauermann G, Küchenhoff H (2011) Reaktorsicherheit: Nach Fukushima stellt sich die Risikofrage neu. FAZ 30(3):2011 Kauermann G, Küchenhoff H (2011) Reaktorsicherheit: Nach Fukushima stellt sich die Risikofrage neu. FAZ 30(3):2011
go back to reference Kazama M, Noda T (2012) Damage statistics (Summary of the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake damage). Soils Found 52(5):780–792CrossRef Kazama M, Noda T (2012) Damage statistics (Summary of the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake damage). Soils Found 52(5):780–792CrossRef
go back to reference Kupper P (2005) Gestalten statt Bewahren: die umweltpolitische Wende der siebziger Jahre am Beispiel des Atomenergiediskures im Schweizer Naturschutz. Natur- und Umweltschutz nach 1945: Konzepte, Konflikte, Kompetenzen Hrs. F.J. Brüggemeier, J. I. Engels, Stift. Naturschutzgeschichte in Deutschland, campus Verlag: Frankfurt/New York Kupper P (2005) Gestalten statt Bewahren: die umweltpolitische Wende der siebziger Jahre am Beispiel des Atomenergiediskures im Schweizer Naturschutz. Natur- und Umweltschutz nach 1945: Konzepte, Konflikte, Kompetenzen Hrs. F.J. Brüggemeier, J. I. Engels, Stift. Naturschutzgeschichte in Deutschland, campus Verlag: Frankfurt/New York
go back to reference Lee GC, Qi JC, Huang C (2013a) Development of a database framework for modeling damaged bridges. Technical Report MCEER-13-0009, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, 16.6.2013 Lee GC, Qi JC, Huang C (2013a) Development of a database framework for modeling damaged bridges. Technical Report MCEER-13-0009, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, 16.6.2013
go back to reference Lee GC, Mohan SB, Huang C, Fard BN (2013b) A study of U.S. bridge failures (1980–2012), Technical Report MCEER-13-0008, Jun 15, 2013, University at Buffalo, State University of New York Lee GC, Mohan SB, Huang C, Fard BN (2013b) A study of U.S. bridge failures (1980–2012), Technical Report MCEER-13-0008, Jun 15, 2013, University at Buffalo, State University of New York
go back to reference Lelieveld J, Kunkel D, Lawrence MG (2012) Global risk of radioactive fallout after major nuclear reactor accidents. Atmos Chem Phys 12:4245–4258CrossRef Lelieveld J, Kunkel D, Lawrence MG (2012) Global risk of radioactive fallout after major nuclear reactor accidents. Atmos Chem Phys 12:4245–4258CrossRef
go back to reference Maruyama K, Tanaka Y, Hosoda A (2012) Damage of bridges structures by huge tsunami and evaluation of tsunami force on bridges. In: The 8th international symposium on social management systems, SSMS2012-disaster prevention and reconstruction management, 2–4 May 2012, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Maruyama K, Tanaka Y, Hosoda A (2012) Damage of bridges structures by huge tsunami and evaluation of tsunami force on bridges. In: The 8th international symposium on social management systems, SSMS2012-disaster prevention and reconstruction management, 2–4 May 2012, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
go back to reference Mayer M (1926) Die Sicherheit der Bauwerke und ihre Berechnung nach Grenzkräften anstatt nach zulässigen Spannungen. Publ. Julius Springer, BerlinMATH Mayer M (1926) Die Sicherheit der Bauwerke und ihre Berechnung nach Grenzkräften anstatt nach zulässigen Spannungen. Publ. Julius Springer, BerlinMATH
go back to reference Mohrbach L (2013) Fukushima two years after the tsunami—the consequences worldwide, atw vol 58, issue 3, March, pp 152–155 Mohrbach L (2013) Fukushima two years after the tsunami—the consequences worldwide, atw vol 58, issue 3, March, pp 152–155
go back to reference Murzewski J (1974) Sicherheit der Baukonstruktionen. VEB Verlag für Bauwesen, Berlin, DDR Murzewski J (1974) Sicherheit der Baukonstruktionen. VEB Verlag für Bauwesen, Berlin, DDR
go back to reference Norio O, Ye T, Kajitani Y, SHi P, Tatano H (2011) The 2011 Eastern Japan great earthquake disaster: overview and comments. Int J Disaster Risk Sci 2(1):34–42 Norio O, Ye T, Kajitani Y, SHi P, Tatano H (2011) The 2011 Eastern Japan great earthquake disaster: overview and comments. Int J Disaster Risk Sci 2(1):34–42
go back to reference NUREG 1150 (1990) Severe accident risks: an assessment for five U.S. nuclear power plants, NRC, Washington, December 1990 NUREG 1150 (1990) Severe accident risks: an assessment for five U.S. nuclear power plants, NRC, Washington, December 1990
go back to reference NUREG 1742 (2002) Perspectives gained from the individual plant examination of external events (IPEEE) program, NRC, Washington, April 2002 NUREG 1742 (2002) Perspectives gained from the individual plant examination of external events (IPEEE) program, NRC, Washington, April 2002
go back to reference Proske D (2009) Catalogue of risks. Springer, Heidelberg Proske D (2009) Catalogue of risks. Springer, Heidelberg
go back to reference Proske D (2015) Statistical investigation of extreme weather conditions. In: 12th international conference on applications of statistics and probability in civil engineering, ICASP12, Vancouver, Canada, July 12–15 Proske D (2015) Statistical investigation of extreme weather conditions. In: 12th international conference on applications of statistics and probability in civil engineering, ICASP12, Vancouver, Canada, July 12–15
go back to reference Proske D (2016) Do new findings in science of history influence risk analysis? ESRA-Newsletter, December 2015 (in print) Proske D (2016) Do new findings in science of history influence risk analysis? ESRA-Newsletter, December 2015 (in print)
go back to reference Pugsley A (1968) The safety of bridges. Struct Eng 46 Pugsley A (1968) The safety of bridges. Struct Eng 46
go back to reference Rangel LE, Leveque F (2013) How Fukushima-Daiichi core meltdown changed the probability of nuclear accidents? Saf Sci 64:90–98 Rangel LE, Leveque F (2013) How Fukushima-Daiichi core meltdown changed the probability of nuclear accidents? Saf Sci 64:90–98
go back to reference Van der Borst M, Schoonakker H (2001) An overview of PSA importance measures. Reliab Eng Syst Saf 72:241–245 Van der Borst M, Schoonakker H (2001) An overview of PSA importance measures. Reliab Eng Syst Saf 72:241–245
go back to reference Wardhana K, Hadipriono FC (2003) Study of recent building failures in the united states. J Perform Constructed Facil ASCE 151–158 Wardhana K, Hadipriono FC (2003) Study of recent building failures in the united states. J Perform Constructed Facil ASCE 151–158
go back to reference WASH-1400 (NUREG 75/014) (1975) Reactor safety study: an assessment of accident risk in the U.S. commercial nuclear power plants, U.S. NRC, October 1975 WASH-1400 (NUREG 75/014) (1975) Reactor safety study: an assessment of accident risk in the U.S. commercial nuclear power plants, U.S. NRC, October 1975
go back to reference Wenk T (2005) Beurteilung der Erdbebensicherheit bestehender Strassenbrücken. ASTRA, Bern Wenk T (2005) Beurteilung der Erdbebensicherheit bestehender Strassenbrücken. ASTRA, Bern
go back to reference Wheatley S, Sovacool B, Sornette D (2015) Of disasters and dragon kings: a statistical analysis of nuclear power incidents & accidents, p 24. arXiv:1504.02380v1 [physics.soc-ph] Wheatley S, Sovacool B, Sornette D (2015) Of disasters and dragon kings: a statistical analysis of nuclear power incidents & accidents, p 24. arXiv:​1504.​02380v1 [physics.soc-ph]
go back to reference Woodward RJ, Kaschner R, Cremona C, Cullington D (1999) Review of current procedures for assessing load carrying capacity—Status C, BRIME PL97–2220 Woodward RJ, Kaschner R, Cremona C, Cullington D (1999) Review of current procedures for assessing load carrying capacity—Status C, BRIME PL97–2220
go back to reference Zerna W (1983): Grundlage der gegenwärtigen Sicherheitspraxis in der Bautechnik, In: Große technische Gefahrenpotentiale: Risikoanalysen und Sicherheitsfragen, Hrsg. S. Hartwig, Seite 99–109 Zerna W (1983): Grundlage der gegenwärtigen Sicherheitspraxis in der Bautechnik, In: Große technische Gefahrenpotentiale: Risikoanalysen und Sicherheitsfragen, Hrsg. S. Hartwig, Seite 99–109
Metadata
Title
Comparison of Computed and Observed Probabilities of Failure and Core Damage Frequencies
Author
D. Proske
Copyright Year
2017
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47886-9_8