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2017 | Book

A Conceptual Investigation of Maintenance Deferral and Implementation: Foundation for a Maintenance Lifecycle Model Read chapter Read first chapter

Complexity in Information Systems Development

Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Information Systems Development

Editors: Jerzy Goluchowski, Malgorzata Pankowska, Henry Linger, Chris Barry, Michael Lang, Christoph Schneider

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Book Series : Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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About this book

This volume is a collection of papers on emerging concepts, approaches and ideas in information systems research. It examines theoretical and methodological issues related to both information systems development in general and the complexity of information systems as socio-technical systems.

The book draws on invited papers selected from the proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Information Systems Development (ISD) held in Katowice, Poland, August 24 - 26, 2016. The invited conference papers were revised and expanded and present research that is focused on context, creativity, and cognition in information systems development. These issues are significant as they provide the basis for organizations to identify new markets, support innovative technology deployment, and enable mobile applications to detect, sense, interpret, and respond to the environment.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
A Conceptual Investigation of Maintenance Deferral and Implementation: Foundation for a Maintenance Lifecycle Model
Abstract
Despite the fact that society and organizations rely heavily on Information Systems (IS) and software, the maintenance of vendor-supplied IS, in particular standard package software has gained little attention within the academic literature. This paper presents a conceptual study of the current state of research concerning the reasons for deferral and performance of vendor-supplied maintenance by the purchasing organization. These reasons have so far neither been investigated together nor from that perspective. Based on a systematic literature review and taking the purchaser’s viewpoint, reasons for maintenance deferral and performance are identified from the literature. They build the groundwork and foundation for a Maintenance Lifecycle Model that provides a starting point to research vendor-supplied maintenance from the customer’s point of view.
Christopher Savage, Karlheinz Kautz, Rodney J. Clarke
A Model-Level Mutation Tool to Support the Assessment of the Test Case Quality
Abstract
Although mutation testing is a well-known technique for assessing the quality of tests, there is not a lot of support available for model-level mutation analysis. It is also considered to be expensive due to: (i) the large number of mutants generated; (ii) the time-consuming activity of determining equivalent mutants; and (iii) the mutant execution time. It should also be remembered that real software artefacts of appropriate size including real faults are hard to find and prepare appropriately. In this paper we propose a mutation tool to generate valid First Order Mutants (FOM) for Conceptual Schemas (CS) based on UML Class Diagrams and evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency in generating valid and non-equivalent mutants. Our main findings were: (1) FOM mutation operators can be automated to avoiding non-valid mutants (49.1%). (2) Fewer equivalent mutants were generated (7.2%) and 74.3% were reduced by analysing the CS static structure in six subject CSs.
Maria Fernanda Granda, Nelly Condori-Fernández, Tanja E. J. Vos, Oscar Pastor
An Open Platform for Studying and Testing Context-Aware Indoor Positioning Algorithms
Abstract
This paper presents an open platform for studying and analyzing indoor positioning algorithms. While other such platforms exist, our proposal features novelties related to the collection and use of additional context data. The platform is realized in the form of a mobile client, currently implemented on Android. It enables manual collection of radio-maps—i.e. fingerprints of Wi-Fi signals—while also allowing for amending the fingerprints with various context data which could help improve the accuracy of positioning algorithms. While this is a research-in-progress platform, an initial experiment was carried out and its results were used to justify its applicability and relevance.
Nearchos Paspallis, Marios Raspopoulos
Automation of the Incremental Integration of Microservices Architectures
Abstract
Microservices have appeared as a new architectural style that is native to the cloud. The high availability and agility of the cloud demands organizations to migrate or design microservices, promoting the building of applications as a suite of small and cohesive services that are independently developed, deployed and scaled. Current cloud development approaches do not support the incremental integration needed for microservice platforms, and the agility of getting new functionalities out to customers is consequently affected by the lack of support for the integration design and automation of the development and deployment tasks. This paper presents an approach for the incremental integration of microservices that will allow architects to specify and design microservice integration, and provide mechanisms to automatically obtain the implementation code for business logic and interoperation among microservices, along with deployment and architectural reconfiguration scripts specific to the cloud environment in which the microservice will be deployed.
Miguel Zúñiga-Prieto, Emilio Insfran, Silvia Abrahão, Carlos Cano-Genoves
Browsing Digital Collections with Reconfigurable Faceted Thesauri
Abstract
Faceted thesauri group classification terms into hierarchically arranged facets. They enable faceted browsing, a well-known browsing technique that makes it possible to narrowing down digital collections by recursively adding filtering terms from the facet hierarchy. In this paper we develop an approach to achieve faceted browsing in live collections, in which not only the contents but also the thesauri can be constantly reorganized. For this purpose we start by introducing a faceted thesauri-based digital collection model in which users can freely rearrange the hierarchical organizations of facets. Then we analyze how to efficiently react to thesauri reconfigurations by representing all the possible ways of browsing a collection with a finite state machine called navigation automaton. Since, in the worst-case, the number of states in navigation automata can grow exponentially with respect to the collections’ sizes, we propose two indexing strategies to avoid this exponential worst-case complexity: one based on inverted indexes, and another inspired by hierarchical clustering, which makes use of the so-called navigation dendrograms. Some experimental results concerning Clavy, a system for managing digital collections with reconfigurable structures in digital humanities and educational settings, provide evidence that navigation dendrogram organization outperforms the inverted index-based one.
Joaquín Gayoso-Cabada, Daniel Rodríguez-Cerezo, José-Luis Sierra
E-Commerce Web Accessibility for People with Disabilities
Abstract
In recent years online shopping has grown significantly worldwide. As the technology advanced, new techniques such as (HTML 5 and Flash-based content, JavaScript etc.) are used in e-commerce websites to visually present information. However, these new techniques have accessibility problems for people with disabilities when accessed using assistive technology. Therefore, it is also important to adopt web accessibility such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0) in business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce websites to increase the consumer’s satisfaction of all ages and with disabilities. This study analyses 30 Australian B2C websites in accordance to WCAG 2.0 using an automated web service. The result shows that B2C websites in Australia are not paying attention to web accessibility for people with disabilities. However, e-commerce will succeed in meeting WCAG 2.0 by making B2C e-commerce websites accessible to consumer of all ages and with disabilities. Recommendations are proposed in order to improve web accessibility for people with sensory (hearing and vision), motor (limited use of hands) and cognition (language and learning) disabilities in B2C e-commerce websites.
Osama Sohaib, Kyeong Kang
Endogenously Emergent Information Systems
Abstract
This paper analyzes the concept of “emergence” in the context of information systems (IS) and discusses its implications to IS research. The analysis shows that this literature assumes emergence to be an outcome of exogenous, although, complex design agency, largely omitting endogenous emergence, rising from the complexity of the information system and its operational interaction with its environment. Reflecting the IS perspective, the paper reviews research on endogenous emergence conducted especially in Computer Science and Software Engineering.
J. Iivari
Enterprise Architecture Context Analysis Proposal
Abstract
The enterprise architecture (EA) is defined as a coherent and consistent set of principles and rules that guide system design. In the EA modelling methods, an enterprise is identified with institution, business or administrative unit. The EA development methods mostly focus on the EA internal problem visualization, as well as on the procedural and different viewpoint approaches. However, in this paper, author would like to emphasize the EA context specification. The first part of the paper covers presentation of different meanings of context in information science. Next, the discussion on the EA context in related publications is included. The third part comprises a proposal of considering EA stakeholders, principles and other information technology (IT) systems as an EA context. Finally, a short case study is included for the context visualization.
Małgorzata Pańkowska
Gossip and Ostracism in Modelling Automorphosis of Multi-agent Systems
Abstract
Automorphosis viewed in terms of IT systems requires that these systems have a range of features related to autonomy, dispersion of their components, and communication between their elements. Examples of IT systems in which the issue of automorphosis is an important modelling aspect include software agent societies where individual agent units create structures that specialise in performance of assigned tasks in a dynamic manner, depending on changing conditions. The use of automorphosis mechanisms in such groups of agents enables control of their behaviour and monitoring of their actions. The concept of using the mechanisms of gossip and ostracism in a society of agents employing trust and reputation as elements of control and monitoring of its activity, as proposed in the paper, has a range of advantages: possibility of using individual agents’ knowledge about the operation of other units, shortening the time during which an agent will negatively affect a specific society and its operations, speeding up the moment when an agent ceases being part of a given multi-agent platform, exclusion of the agent from the performance of the task by the society using the mechanism of ostracism, elimination of the agent from the platform as a result of ostracism towards its actions. To achieve that, the extension of JADE (Java Agent DEvelopment Framework) was developed.
Mariusz Żytniewski
Must-Opt Imperatives and Other Stories Make Passengers of Low Cost Carriers’ Feel Put-upon: User Perceptions of Compliance with EU Legislation
Abstract
Low cost carriers (LCCs) market their flights as low cost and aim to garner as much additional revenue as possible from ancillary services such as baggage and priority boarding. Therefore, airlines encourage customers’ purchase of these services. On account of this and other airline practices, the European Union introduced legislation to address areas of concern in order to protect the consumer. Airlines have responded to the legal requirement that all optional extras should only be presented to the consumer on an ‘opt-in’ basis by using ‘grey’ Web design patterns, such as the ‘must-opt’ presentation of optional extras, whereby the user must choose to accept or reject the item before continuing with the interaction. Through the method of verbal protocols, this study examines consumers’ perceptions of two LCCs’ level of compliance with the relevant European legislation.
Chris Barry, Mairéad Hogan, Ann M. Torres
Processes of Creating Infographics for Data Visualization
Abstract
This paper presents a brief overview of infographics, together with study which was originated to discover what motivates people to design infographics and what are the components of the creative process. Section 2 provides a literature overview. Section 3 outlines the methodology of experiment. Section 4 presents obtained results. Section 5 presents conclusions and future directions in studies of processes in designing infographics, outlines the important problem for further research.
Mateusz Szołtysik
Technical Consequences of the Nature of Business Processes
Abstract
The paper is a reflection on the nature of business processes and the way which their nature necessarily manifests itself in business process modeling methodologies and languages. Respecting the nature of business processes is an essential condition for the meaningfulness of a process model. The importance of this topic is also emphasized by the fact that not all methodologies or languages respect the nature of business processes sufficiently. The paper briefly summarizes the main facts about and principles of business process management and points out the main natural features of business processes which have to be necessarily respected in modeling methodologies and languages. Subsequently, their main resulting features are analyzed in mutual relationships by examples from MMABP methodology. The paper also contains some critical reflection of current process modeling approaches and BPMN language in occasional contexts.
Václav Řepa
The Goals Approach: Agile Enterprise Driven Software Development
Abstract
Continuous Business Process Improvement (BPI) is necessary in order to maintain and develop the enterprise competitiveness. However, achieving a level of software development performance that matches enterprise needs in terms of producing noticeable results within small amounts of time is a persnickety task, mainly because most available methods do not deliver full software architectures that can be directly used for in-house software development without iterations between implementation and design, as produced specifications are too close to the user interface, or too close to business regulations and domain modeling. Our approach applies a method that structures business processes, business rules and domain concepts, and uses this information in order to identify user tasks (use cases) and interaction spaces, and by means of their detail, methodically specify the software architecture for a particular BPI, bridging business and software using cross-consistent concepts. We present a theoretical example, and the validation of our method.
Pedro Valente, Thiago Silva, Marco Winckler, Nuno Nunes
The Main Factors Affecting E-voting Service Implementation: The Case of Palestine
Abstract
The world at present is facing several serious challenges in the face of persistent economic crisis, local conflicts and endless waves of refugees. All of the above are affecting secure access to and completion of people’s voting rights. The relevant technological solutions appear to have matured and have successfully responded to rigorous testing. The question that remains to be answered is how an e-government service such as e-voting can be successfully implemented within the complex political environment such as Palestine. Palestinians have been scattered across the world since the late 1940s, making the Palestinian Authority experience serious difficulties in enabling its citizens to elect their representatives. The inspiration for this paper has been taken from the results of the analysis of 19 in-depth interviews with the public sector, the private sector, and policy influencers.
Fouad J. F. Shat, Pamela Abbott
The Perceived Impact of the Agile Development and Project Management Method Scrum on Process Transparency in Information Systems Development
Abstract
This paper contributes to research on information systems development (ISD) with a case study that demonstrates the positive impact of the agile development and project management method Scrum on process transparency in ISD projects. It is part of a project for which we developed a framework comprising of the six concepts productivity, quality, team leadership, employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction, and process transparency for investigating the impact of Scrum. It provides operationalizations of the latter concept through five identified indicators. Despite the fact that the case unit had challenges, the indicators identified the areas where it managed to exploit the potential of Scrum with regard to increasing process transparency. The research results are related to earlier findings concerning the other concepts. They are discussed both with regard to the existing Scrum literature as well as to complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory—a foundation for ISD and agile development.
Karlheinz Kautz, Thomas Heide Johansen, Andreas Uldahl
Metadata
Title
Complexity in Information Systems Development
Editors
Jerzy Goluchowski
Malgorzata Pankowska
Henry Linger
Chris Barry
Michael Lang
Christoph Schneider
Copyright Year
2017
Electronic ISBN
978-3-319-52593-8
Print ISBN
978-3-319-52592-1
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52593-8

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