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Measurement Techniques
Published in: Measurement Techniques 6/2023

02-10-2023 | FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS OF METROLOGY

Cosmological Distance Scale. Part 16: Hubble Dipole

Author: S. F. Levin

Published in: Measurement Techniques | Issue 6/2023

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Abstract

The paper considers significant cosmological events that occurred in 2007: the reason for discrepancies in Hubble constant estimates was established; the galactic polar redshift anisotropy within the spectra of extragalactic sources was indicated; a cold spot of cosmic microwave background was detected; the so-called extraordinary evidence of the accelerated expansion of the universe was obtained. This evidence is based on analyzing data on Type Ia supernovae belonging to the Hubble Deep and Ultra Deep Fields. A chain of results is described that led to an alternative hypothesis — acceleration of large-scale galactic flows under the action of the gravitational dipoles of large-scale inhomogeneity of the universe in the form of “giant void–massive supercluster” pairs on opposite sides of the celestial sphere. The author presents the results of testing (for inadequacy) the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker isotropic model of the calibration function of the cosmological redshift distance scale adopted in this extraordinary evidence. It is shown that structural changes and rank inversions of the isotropic model are interpreted as the action of gravitational dipoles due to the existence of a more accurate anisotropic model of the calibration function of the cosmological redshift distance scale. This hypothesis is an alternative to that about the accelerated expansion of the universe. It is shown that the Hubble Deep and Ultra Deep Fields are a gravitational dipole — Hubble dipole.
next article Model for Monitoring the Technical Condition of Onboard Equipment of Space Vehicles Based on the Telemetry Parameters of Transient Processes

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Footnotes
1
Equatorial coordinates of epoch J1950.0 (α is the right ascension, δ is the declination): the North Galactic Pole PN (α = 12h40m; δ = +28°) in the constellation Coma Berenices, South Galactic Pole PS (α = 0h40m; δ = +28°) in the constellation Sculptor.
 
2
The Sun is moving at 369.82 ± 0.11 km/s toward the CMB Dipole+ at (α = 11h9m; δ = −6o40ʹ) [12].
 
3
CMB antapex in the constellation Pisces — {l = (84.021 ± 0.011)o; b = (−48.253 ± 0.005)o} [28] or (α = 23h09m14s; δ = +6o40ʹ20.4ʺ). Suspiciously close are "Pisces Austrinus void + Cetus Supervoid" at (α = 0h–2h; δ = +5°–+15°) and "Aquarius Supervoid" at (α = 20h32m– 23h50m; δ = −25o30ʹ–+2o45ʹ); however, they are not mentioned; the supercluster "Pisces — Cetus Supercluster" at (α = 23h58m–1h08m; δ = −9o18ʹ–−31o36ʹ) can weaken the effect of the repeller. Of note is that the estimates of the CMB Dipole coordinates diverge in [26] and [28].
 
4
The point (α = 22h23m; δ = +38o17ʹ) in the constellation Lacerta. In terms of angular position, the nearest void is the Pegasus void at (α = 22h; δ = +15°).
 
5
A hypercluster of superclusters is located here.
 
6
The point (α = 1h44m; δ = −13o20ʹ) in the constellation Cetus.
 
7
R 50.2.004-2000. GSI. Characterization of Mathematical Models Representing the Dependences between Physical Quantities when Solving Measurement Problems. Basic Provisions.
 
8
The names of dipole elements (giant voids and galaxy superclusters) are in bold; curly brackets indicate that the data scatter refers to both coordinates; a slash indicates that the galactic coordinates were converted into equatorial coordinates by the present author and are not available in the cited source.
 
9
In equatorial coordinates — (α = 3h10m56.82s; δ = −20o37ʹ24.7ʺ).
 
10
SCl — designation of superclusters in the catalog.
 
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Metadata
Title
Cosmological Distance Scale. Part 16: Hubble Dipole
Author
S. F. Levin
Publication date
02-10-2023
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Measurement Techniques / Issue 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0543-1972
Electronic ISSN: 1573-8906
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11018-023-02237-2

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