Top

Health and Technology

Published in:

05-02-2021 | Original Paper

Design and implementation framework of social assistive robotics for people with dementia - a scoping review

Authors: Deniz Ozdemir, Jaroslav Cibulka, Olga Stepankova, Iva Holmerova

Published in: Health and Technology | Issue 2/2021

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Nowadays, longevity studies have become a distinguished multidisciplinary field merging with cutting-edge computer science technologies to outline innovative ideas to cater to the needs of seniors. Since the global geriatric population is anticipated to rise, the number of people seeking to obtain caregiving services and wishing to be more actively engaged in life will be more apparent. Therefore, seniors aspiring day-to-day special care in home settings, interested in improving their living standards can likewise benefit from an amiable companion. A comprehensive search strategy was developed and selected databases were looked through with relevant keywords. This scoping review qualitatively examines the literature on the use of companion robots, including both pet-like and humanoid robots, and Internet-of-Things (IoT) security, coupled with the new 5G technology for the home-based elder care. From 355 full-text articles that were found, 90 articles were selected to be investigated respectively. In order to ascertain their operation in the future, we discuss remaining challenges, unused opportunities, security risks and suggested remedies and suggest a dementia-centred concept and an implementation framework.

previous article Application of telemedicine and eHealth technology for clinical services in response to COVID‑19 pandemic

next article Guidelines for developing geographically sensitive mobile health applications

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Zafrani O, Nimrod G. Towards a holistic approach to studying human-robot interaction in later life. The Gerontologist. 2018;59(1):e26–36. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny077.CrossRef

Beer JM, Smarr C, Chen TL, Prakash A, Mitzner TL, Kemp CC et al., editors. The domesticated robot: design guidelines for assisting older adults to age in place. 2012 7th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) 2012 Mar 5-8.

Baisch S, Kolling T, Schall A, Rühl S, Selic S, Kim Z, et al. Acceptance of social robots by elder people: does psychosocial functioning matter? Int J Soc Robot. 2017;9(2):293–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-016-0392-5.CrossRef

Herstatt C, Kohlbacher F, Bauer P. "Silver" product design: Product innovation for older people. Hamburg 2011.

Dautenhahn K. Methodology & themes of human-robot interaction: a growing research field. 2007;4(1):15. https://doi.org/10.5772/5702.CrossRef

Fong T, Nourbakhsh I, Dautenhahn K. A survey of socially interactive robots. Robot Auton Syst. 2003;42(3):143–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8890(02)00372-X.CrossRefMATH

PARORobots. PARO Therapeutic Robot. 2019. http://www.parorobots.com/. Accessed 23 Oct 2019.

Klein B, Gaedt L, Cook G. Emotional robots. 2013;26(2):89–99. https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000085.CrossRef

Inoue K, Wada K, Ito Y, editors. Effective application of Paro: seal type robots for disabled people in according to ideas of occupational therapists 2008; Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

10.

Moyle WCM, Beattie E, Jones C, Klein B, Cook G, Gray C. Exploring the effect of companion robots on emotional expression in older adults with dementia: a pilot randomized controlled trial. J Gerontol Nurs. 2013;39(5):46–53. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20130313-03.CrossRef

11.

Hung L, Liu C, Woldum E, Au-Yeung A, Berndt A, Wallsworth C, et al. The benefits of and barriers to using a social robot PARO in care settings: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr. 2019;19(1):232. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1244-6.CrossRef

12.

AgelessInnovation. Joy for all companion pets. 2019. https://joyforall.com/. Accessed 23 Oct 2019.

13.

Brecher DB. Use of a robotic cat to treat terminal restlessness: a case study. J Palliat Med. 2020;23(3):432–4. https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2019.0157.CrossRef

14.

ThomasStevens. Tombot - Robotic Emotional Support Animals. Kickstarter. 2019. https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tombot/tombot-affordable-robotic-companion-animals-for-se. Accessed 22 Oct 2019.

15.

ElephantRobotics. MarsCat: A Bionic Cat, a Home Robot. 2020. https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1655380003/marscat-a-bionic-cat-a-home-robot. Accessed 8 Apr 2020.

16.

Sony. Sony Aibo ERS-1000. 2019. https://us.aibo.com/. Accessed 22 Oct 2019.

17.

Pollack M, Engberg S, Matthews JT, Thrun S, Brown L, Colbry D et al. editors. Pearl: A mobile robotic assistant for the elderly 2002.

18.

Pineau J, Montemerlo M, Pollack M, Roy N, Thrun S. Towards robotic assistants in nursing homes: shallenges and results. Robot Auton Syst. 2003;42(3):271–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8890(02)00381-0.CrossRefMATH

19.

Casey D. Mario Project. 2019. http://www.mario-project.eu/portal/. Accessed 22 Oct 2019.

20.

Coşar S, Fernandez-Carmona M, Agrigoroaie R, Pages J, Ferland F, Zhao F, et al. ENRICHME: Perception and Interaction of an assistive robot for the elderly at home. Int J Soc Robot. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-019-00614-y.CrossRef

21.

SoftBankRobotics. SoftBank Robotics. 2019. https://www.softbankrobotics.com/. Accessed 22 Oct 2019.

22.

TelmedHTP. ROBIN - Robotic Virtual Assistant for "Emotional Assistivity". 2020. https://www.telmed.cz/avarob?lang=en. Accessed 13 Mar 2020.

23.

Robinson NL, Cottier TV, Kavanagh DJ. Psychosocial health interventions by social robots: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Med Internet Res. 2019;21(5):e13203. https://doi.org/10.2196/13203.CrossRef

24.

Scoglio AAJ, Reilly ED, Gorman JA, Drebing CE. Use of social robots in mental health and well-being research: systematic review. J Med Internet Res. 2019;21(7):e13322. https://doi.org/10.2196/13322.CrossRef

25.

Kintsakis AM, Reppou SE, Karagiannis GT, Mitkas PA, editors. Robot-assisted cognitive exercise in mild cognitive impairment patients: The RAPP approach. 2015 E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB). 19-21 Nov 2015.

26.

Reppou SE, Tsardoulias EG, Kintsakis AM, Symeonidis AL, Mitkas PA, Psomopoulos FE et al. Rapp: A robotic-oriented ecosystem for delivering smart user empowering applications for older people. 2016;8(4):539-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-016-0361-z.

27.

SoftBankRobotics. Projet ROMEO. 2019. https://projetromeo.com/. Accessed 22 Oct 2019.

28.

Smets E, Rios Velazquez E, Schiavone G, Chakroun I, D’Hondt E, De Raedt W et al. Large-scale wearable data reveal digital phenotypes for daily-life stress detection. NPJ Digital Medicine. 2018;1(1):67. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-018-0074-9.

29.

Sekar M, Pandiaraj M, Bhansali S, Ponpandian N, Viswanathan C. Carbon fiber based electrochemical sensor for sweat cortisol measurement. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):403. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37243-w.CrossRef

30.

Parlak O, Keene ST, Marais A, Curto VF, Salleo A. Molecularly selective nanoporous membrane-based wearable organic electrochemical device for noninvasive cortisol sensing. J Sci Adv. 2018;4(7):eaar2904. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar2904.

31.

Melander C, Martinsson J, Gustafsson S. Measuring electrodermal activity to improve the identification of agitation in individuals with dementia. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra. 2017;7(3):430–9. https://doi.org/10.1159/000484890.CrossRef

32.

Kikhia B, Stavropoulos TG, Andreadis S, Karvonen N, Kompatsiaris I, Sävenstedt S, et al. Utilizing a wristband sensor to measure the stress level for people with dementia. Sensors (Basel). 2016;16(12):1989. https://doi.org/10.3390/s16121989.CrossRef

33.

Melander CA, Kikhia B, Olsson M, Wälivaara BM, Sävenstedt S. The impact of using measurements of electrodermal activity in the assessment of problematic behaviour in dementia. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra. 2018;8(3):333–47. https://doi.org/10.1159/000493339.CrossRef

34.

Sadeghi R, Banerjee T, Hughes JC, Lawhorne LW. Sleep quality prediction in caregivers using physiological signals. Comput Biol Med. 2019;110:276–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.05.010.CrossRef

35.

Thomas GEC, Crutch SJ, Camic PM. Measuring physiological responses to the arts in people with a dementia. Int J Psychophysiol. 2018;123:64–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2017.11.008.CrossRef

36.

Garbey M, Sun N, Merla A, Pavlidis I. Contact-free measurement of cardiac pulse based on the analysis of thermal imagery. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2007;54(8):1418–26. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2007.891930.CrossRef

37.

Khalidi FQA-, Saatchi R, Burke D, Elphick H, editors. Tracking human face features in thermal images for respiration monitoring. ACS/IEEE International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications - AICCSA 2010; 2010 16-19 May 2010.

38.

TelmedHTP. Smart Mirror - digital mirror with telemedicine integration. 2020. https://www.telmed.cz/smartmirror?lang=en.

39.

Kazui H, Yoshiyama K, Kanemoto H, Suzuki Y, Sato S, Hashimoto M, et al. Differences of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in disease severity in four major dementias. PLoS One. 2016;11(8):e0161092. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161092.CrossRef

40.

Baharudin AD, Din NC, Subramaniam P, Razali R. The associations between behavioral-psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and coping strategy, burden of care and personality style among low-income caregivers of patients with dementia. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(4):447. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6868-0.CrossRef

41.

Liu Y, Batrancourt B, Marin F, Levy R, editors. Evaluation of apathy by single 3D accelerometer in ecological condition : Case of patients with behavioral variant of fronto-temporal dementia. 2018 IEEE 20th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom); 17-20 Sept 2018.

42.

Alam R, Anderson M, Bankole A, Lach J, editors. Inferring physical agitation in dementia using smartwatch and sequential behavior models. 2018 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical & Health Informatics (BHI); 2018 4-7 March 2018.

43.

Nesbitt C, Gupta A, Jain S, Maly K, Okhravi HR. Reliability of wearable sensors to detect agitation in patients with dementia: A pilot study. Proceedings of the 2018 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Technology; Amsterdam, Netherlands. 3232067: ACM; 2018. p. 73-7.

44.

Garbarino M, Lai M, Bender D, Picard RW, Tognetti S, editors. Empatica E3 — A wearable wireless multi-sensor device for real-time computerized biofeedback and data acquisition. 2014 4th International Conference on Wireless Mobile Communication and Healthcare - Transforming Healthcare Through Innovations in Mobile and Wireless Technologies (MOBIHEALTH); 3-5 Nov 2014.

45.

Perugia G, Rodríguez-Martín D, Boladeras MD, Mallofré AC, Barakova E, Rauterberg M. Quantity of movement as a measure of engagement for dementia: the influence of motivational disorders. 2018;33(2):112–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317517739700.CrossRef

46.

Meyer S, Mueller K, Stuke K, Bisenius S, Diehl-Schmid J, Jessen F et al. Predicting behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia with pattern classification in multi-center structural MRI data. NeuroImage: Clinical. 2017;14:656-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.02.001.

47.

Urwyler P, Stucki R, Rampa L, Müri R, Mosimann UP, Nef T. Cognitive impairment categorized in community-dwelling older adults with and without dementia using in-home sensors that recognise activities of daily living. Sci Rep. 2017;7:42084. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep42084.CrossRef

48.

Guzik P, Bychowiec B, Piskorski J, Wegrzynowski A, Krauze T, Schneider R, et al. Heart rate variability by Poincaré plot and spectral analysis in young healthy subjects and patients with type 1 diabetes. Folia Cardiol. 2005;12:64–7.

49.

Ishii H, Kimino K, Inoue M, Arahira M, Suzuki Y, editors. Method of behavior modeling for detection of anomaly behavior using hidden Markov model. 2018 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC); 24-27 Jan 2018.

50.

Kimino K, Ishii H, Aljehani M, Inoue M, editors. Early detection system of dementia based on home behaviors and lifestyle backgrounds. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE); 12-14 Jan 2018.

51.

Thorpe JR, Forchhammer BH, Maier AM. Development of a sensor-based behavioral monitoring solution to support dementia care. 2019;7(6):e12013. https://doi.org/10.2196/12013.CrossRef

52.

Alam MR, Reaz MBI, Ali MAM. SPEED: An inhabitant activity prediction algorithm for smart homes. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part A Syst Hum. 2012;42(4):985–90. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCA.2011.2173568.CrossRef

53.

Gopalratnam K, Cook DJ. Online sequential prediction via incremental parsing: the active LeZi algorithm. IEEE Intell Syst. 2007;22(1):52–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2007.15.CrossRef

54.

Casagrande FD, Tørresen J, Zouganeli E. Predicting sensor events, activities, and time of occurrence using binary sensor data from homes with older adults. IEEE Access. 2019;7:111012–29. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2933994.CrossRef

55.

Ullah H, Gopalakrishnan Nair N, Moore A, Nugent C, Muschamp P, Cuevas M. 5G communication: an overview of vehicle-to-everything, drones, and healthcare use-cases. IEEE Access. 2019;7:37251–68.CrossRef

56.

K. E. Skouby and P. Lynggaard, "Smart home and smart city solutions enabled by 5G, IoT, AAI and CoT services," 2014 International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics (IC3I), Mysore, 2014, pp. 874-878. https://doi.org/10.1109/IC3I.2014.7019822.

57.

Goudos SK, Dallas PI, Chatziefthymiou S, et al. A survey of IoT key enabling and future technologies: 5G, mobile IoT, sematic web and applications. Wireless Pers Commun. 2017;97:1645–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4647-8.CrossRef

58.

Latif S, Qadir J, Farooq S, Imran MA. How 5G wireless (and concomitant technologies) will revolutionize healthcare? Future Internet. 2017;9(4):93.CrossRef

59.

5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership (5G PPP): View on 5G Architecture (Version 2.0), 5G PPP Architecture Working Group 18 July 2017

60.

Soldani D, Fadini F, Rasanen H, Duran J, Niemela T, Chandramouli D, Hoglund T, Doppler K, Himanen T, Laiho J, Nanavaty N. 5GMobile Systems for Healthcare 2017 IEEE 85th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring) Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), 2017 IEEE 85th. 1-5 Jun 2017.

61.

Alemdar H, Ersoy C. Wireless sensor networks for healthcare: A survey. Comput Netw. 2010;54(15):2688–710.CrossRef

62.

‌Cisotto, G., Casarin, E. and Tomasin, S. Requirements and enablers of advanced healthcare services over future cellular systems. EEE Commun Mag. 2020;58(3):76–81.CrossRef

63.

Santoso FK, Vun NCH, editors. Securing IoT for smart home system. 2015 International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (ISCE); 24-26 Jun 2015.

64.

Ahad A, Tahir M, Aman Sheikh M, Ahmed KI, Mughees A, Numani A. Technologies trend towards 5G network for smart health-care using IoT: a review. Sensors. 2020;20(14):4047.CrossRef

65.

Antonakakis M, April T, Bailey M, Bernhard M, Bursztein E, Cochran J, et al editors. Understanding the Mirai Botnet 2017. USENIX Association: Vancouver, BC; 2017.

66.

Franceschi-Bicchierai L. How 1.5 million connected cameras were hijacked to make an unprecedented botnet. Motherbord, tech by Vice. 2016. https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/8q8dab/15-million-connected-cameras-ddos-botnet-brian-krebs. Accessed 2020.

67.

Soldatos J, Kyriazakos S, Ziafati P, Mihovska A. Securing IoT applications with smart objects: framework and a socially assistive robots case study. Wirel Pers Commun. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07039-1.CrossRef

68.

Sivaraman V, Gharakheili HH, Vishwanath A, Boreli R, Mehani O, editors. Network-level security and privacy control for smart-home IoT devices. 2015 IEEE 11th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob); 19-21 Oct 2015.

69.

Yao L, Sheng QZ, Benatallah B, Dustdar S, Wang X, Shemshadi A, et al. WITS: an IoT-endowed computational framework for activity recognition in personalized smart homes. Computing. 2018;100(4):369–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-018-0603-z.MathSciNetCrossRef

70.

Salama U, Yao L, Paik H-y. An internet of things based multi-level privacy-preserving access control for smart living. Informatics. 2018;5(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics5020023.

71.

Thomasset C, Barrera D. SERENIoT: Collaborative Network Security Policy Management and Enforcement for Smart Homes. 2020.

72.

Das R, Gündüz MZ. Analysis of cyber-attacks in IoT-based critical infrastructures. International Journal of Information Security Science. 2020;8(4):122–33.

73.

Baykara M, Das R. A novel hybrid approach for detection of web-based attacks in intrusion detection systems. International Journal of Computer Networks And Applications. 2017;4(2):62-76. https://doi.org/10.22247/ijcna/2017/48968.

74.

Baykara M, Das R. A novel honeypot based security approach for real-time intrusion detection and prevention systems. Journal of Information Security and Applications. 2018;41:103–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2018.06.004.CrossRef

75.

Baykara M, Firat RD. A survey on potential applications of honeypot technology in intrusion detection systems. International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications (IJCNA). 2015;2(5):203–11.

76.

Bugeja J, Jacobsson A, Davidsson P, editors. On privacy and security challenges in smart connected homes. 2016 European Intelligence and Security Informatics Conference (EISIC); 17-19 Aug 2016.

77.

Denning T, Kohno T, Levy HM. Computer security and the modern home. 2013;56(1 %J Commun. ACM):94–103. https://doi.org/10.1145/2398356.2398377.

78.

Shuai M, Yu N, Wang H, Xiong L. Anonymous authentication scheme for smart home environment with provable security. Comput Secur. 2019;86:132–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2019.06.002.CrossRef

79.

Kumar P, Gurtov A, Iinatti J, Ylianttila M, Sain M. Lightweight and secure session-key establishment scheme in smart home environments. IEEE Sensors J. 2016;16(1):254–64. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2015.2475298.CrossRef

80.

Wazid M, Das AK, Odelu V, Kumar N, Susilo W. Secure remote user authenticated key establishment protocol for smart home environment. IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing. 2020;17(2):391–406. https://doi.org/10.1109/TDSC.2017.2764083.CrossRef

81.

Chifor B, Arseni S, Matei I, Bica I, editors. Security-oriented framework for internet of things smart-home applications. 2019 22nd International Conference on Control Systems and Computer Science (CSCS); 28-30 May 2019.

82.

Mazhar M, Shafiq Z. Characterizing smart home IoT traffic in the wild. 2020.

83.

Vermesan O, Friess P. Internet of things: converging technologies for smart environments and integrated ecosystems. River Publishers Series in Communications; 2013.

84.

Kamble A, Bhutad S, editors. Survey on Internet of Things (IoT) security issues & solutions. 2018 2nd International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control (ICISC); 19-20 Jan. 2018.

85.

Kumar B, Singh SP, and Mohan A. ‘‘Emerging mobile communication technologies for health,’’ in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Comput. Commun. Technol. (ICCCT), Sep. 2010, pp. 828–83.

86.

Fallgren M. Scenarios, Requirements and KPIs for 5G Mobile and Wireless System, document ICT-317669-METIS/D1.1, Apr. 2013.

87.

Industry Proposal for a Public Private Partnership (PPP) in Horizon 2020 Draft Version 2.1, Horizon 2020 Advanced 5G Network Infrastructure for the Future Internet, 2020.

88.

Shafique K, Khawaja BA, Sabir F, Qazi S, and Mustaqim M. 2020. Internet of things (IoT) for next-generation smart systems: a review of current challenges, future Trends and prospects for emerging 5G-IoT scenarios. IEEE Access, [online] 8, pp.23022–23040. Available at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8972389Accessed 23 Jun 2020.

89.

Broadbent E, Stafford R, MacDonald B. Acceptance of healthcare robots for the older population: review and future directions. Int J Soc Robot. 2009;1(4):319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-009-0030-6.CrossRef

90.

Frennert S, Östlund B. Review: Seven matters of concern of social robots and older people. Int J Soc Robot. 2014;6(2):299–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-013-0225-8.CrossRef

Title: Design and implementation framework of social assistive robotics for people with dementia - a scoping review
Authors: Deniz Ozdemir
Jaroslav Cibulka
Olga Stepankova
Iva Holmerova
Publication date: 05-02-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Health and Technology / Issue 2/2021
Print ISSN: 2190-7188
Electronic ISSN: 2190-7196
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12553-021-00522-0

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 2/2021

Mobile apps for self-management in pregnancy: a systematic review

MRI brain tumor medical images analysis using deep learning techniques: a systematic review

China health technology and stringency containment measures during COVID-19 pandemic: A discussion of first and second wave of COVID-19

Applying software-defined networking to support telemedicine health consultation during and post Covid-19 era

Evaluation of the quality of information on the internet about 2019 coronavirus outbreak in relation to orthodontics

Exploring the effectiveness of telehealth interventions for diagnosis, contact tracing and care of Corona Virus Disease of 2019 (COVID19) patients in sub Saharan Africa: a rapid review

Premium Partner