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2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Digital Transformation Trends: Toward New Forms of Process and Organization

Author : Marcella M. Bonanomi

Published in: Digital Transformation of Multidisciplinary Design Firms

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to present the digital transformation trends that the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry is witnessing. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the changes brought on by the digitalization specifically within architectural and engineering firms from two perspectives: process and organization. To this purpose, the following trends are presented to describe the changes that the traditional design process and firms’ organizational structures respectively undergo in periods of digital transformation: (1) Design with data for empowering 3D with D3 (Data-Driven-Decisions), and (2) Platform-based and networked organizations for leveraging the power of ecosystems. Lastly, a third trend is introduced to outline a new form of project stakeholder management through a network approach.

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next chapter Digital Transformation Strategies of Multidisciplinary Design Firms: Key-takeaways from Experts’ Interviews
Footnotes
1
Ridley is a design and construction firm which has offices across major cities in Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong and North America. The firm is seeking to implement and use building data to drive change within the industry towards a data-informed design outcome. They are also helping their clients to recognize the value of building data management.
 
2
This trend is also justified by the fact that the R&M (Renovation and Maintenance) market is experiencing a significant growth. Therefore, durability issues play a crucial role in terms of building quality, as well as cost savings and time efficiency. Durability management, as well as Estimated Service Life (ESL), allows not only to improve and optimize preventive maintenance of built environment, but also to carry out Life-Cycle Assessments (LCA) and Life-Cycle Costing (LCC) analyses.
 
3
Duhon (1998) defines knowledge management as “A discipline that promotes an integrated approach to identifying, capturing, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing all of an enterprise’s information assets”.
 
4
This is a contract framework wherein the owner has a contract with the architect or engineer to design the work, and a separate contract with a contractor to construct the design. Additionally, the general use of “contract” may include examples or discussion of private and/or government contracts, and/or any number contractual arrangements, including, for example, lump sum payment, guaranteed maximum price, and so on. Likewise, “design professional” may be used to refer to architects and/or all form of consulting engineers (mechanical, electrical, civil, etc.) with “contractor” similarly referring to a general contractor or construction manager of various type, unless specifically noted otherwise.
 
5
The AIA California Council (Sieminski 2007) Guide proposes the following definition of IPD: “Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is a project delivery approach that integrates people, systems, business structures and practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to optimize project results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, and construction. IPD principles can be applied to a variety of contractual arrangements and IPD teams can include members well beyond the basic triad of owner, architect, and contractor. In all cases, integrated projects are uniquely distinguished by highly effective collaboration among the owner, the prime designer, and the prime constructor, commencing at early design and continuing through to project handover”.
 
6
Information included in BIMs must not only be associated to the responsible project parties, but also protected when shared with others. The intellectual property rights need to be defined at the early stage of project development via BIM contract protocols (e.g. ConsensusDOCS 301 BIM Addendum, AIA Document E202, etc.) (Mahamadu et al. 2013). As Chong et al. (2017) pointed out, information in BIMs are digitized; in practical terms, this means that they can be easily extracted and reused. Therefore, new questions arise, namely: how the business knowledge can be protected? Contractual relationships may help to manage these kinds of issues too.
 
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Metadata
Title
Digital Transformation Trends: Toward New Forms of Process and Organization
Author
Marcella M. Bonanomi
Copyright Year
2019
Book
Digital Transformation of Multidisciplinary Design Firms

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-19700-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-19701-8

Copyright Year: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19701-8_1