1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Plan-Driven Development Methodologies
2.2 Agile Project Management
2.3 Conceptualization of Emotional Intelligence
2.4 How Should EI be Assessed?
2.4.1 Ability EI Assessed Performance-Based
2.4.2 Ability EI Assessed Self-Reported
2.5 Artificial Emotional Intelligence as Neglected Component of Artificial Intelligence
3 Conceptual Model and Hypotheses Development
3.1 Anxiety Caused by Agile Practices
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H1a. The ability to regulate one’s own emotions is negatively associated with anxiety perceived by agile team members.
3.2 Motivation to Apply Agile
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H2a. The ability to use emotions is negatively associated with motivation challenges of agile team members.
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H2b. The ability to regulate emotions is negatively associated with motivation challenges of agile team members.
3.3 Communication Competence in Agile Teams
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H3a. The ability to appraise and recognize emotions in one’s self is negatively associated with communication challenges.
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H3b. The ability to appraise and recognize emotions in others is negatively associated with communication challenges.
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H3c. The ability to regulate emotions is negatively associated with communication challenges.
3.4 Mutual Trust as Key Factor for Team Performance
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H4a. The ability to regulate emotions is negatively associated with mutual trust challenges.
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H4b. The ability to appraise and recognize emotions in one’s self is negatively associated with mutual trust challenges.
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The ability to appraise and recognize other people’s emotions assist in being accepted by others, earning their trust and gaining their collaboration (Law et al. 2008). As a result, below hypothesis can be formulated:
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H4c. The ability to appraise and recognize other people’s emotions is negatively associated with mutual trust challenges.
4 Research Methodology
4.1 Indicating Causal Inference
4.2 Propensity Score Matching
4.3 Data Collection, Ethical Considerations, Sample and Measures
4.4 Human Related Agile Challenges Inventory (HRACI)
4.5 Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS)
5 Data analysis
5.1 Hypothesis Testing
Scale | Dimension | Mean | S.D. | Cronbach-alpha |
---|---|---|---|---|
HRACI | Anxiety | 2.881 | 1.236 | 0.776 |
HRACI | Motivation | 2.708 | 1.07 | 0.836 |
HRACI | Communication | 2.18 | 1.042 | 0.875 |
HRACI | Mutual Trust | 2.581 | 1.059 | 0.720 |
WLEIS | Appraisal and expression of emotion in oneself | 3.919 | 0.864 | 0.818 |
WLEIS | Appraisal and recognition of emotion hi other | 3.773 | 0.894 | 0.848 |
WLEIS | Use of emotion to facilitate performance | 3.995 | 0.871 | 0.749 |
WLEIS | Regulation of emotion in oneself | 3.657 | 0.973 | 0.857 |
Scale | Models | χ2 (df) | χ2 /df | RMSEA | CFI | TLI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HRACI | Fist-order | 59.982(48) | 1.250 | 0.036 | 0.986 | 0.981 |
HRACI | Second-order | 63.944(50) | 1.279 | 0.038 | 0.984 | 0.979 |
WLEIS | First-order | 166.021(98) | 1.694 | 0.060 | 0.949 | 0.938 |
I’LEIS | Second-order | 169.397(100) | 1.694 | 0.060 | 0.948 | 0.938 |
Dimensions | al | a2 | a3 | ml | m2 | m3 | cl | c2 | c3 | tl | t2 | t3 | ANX | MOT | COM | TRU |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ANX | 0.554 | 0.506 | 0.509 | |||||||||||||
MOT | 0.629 | 0.716 | 0.559 | |||||||||||||
COM | 0.717 | 0.659 | 0.717 | |||||||||||||
TRU | 0.481 | 0.624 | 0.342 | |||||||||||||
challenges | 0.367 | 0.135 | 0.639 | 0.319 |
Dimensions | s1 | s2 | s3 | s4 | ol | o2 | o3 | o4 | ul | u2 | u3 | u4 | rl | r2 | r3 | r4 | SEA | OEA | UOE | ROE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SEA | 0.480 | 0.724 | 0.752 | 0.283 | ||||||||||||||||
OEA | 0.488 | 0.783 | 0.420 | 0.710 | ||||||||||||||||
UOE | 0.549 | 0.322 | 0.525 | 0.385 | ||||||||||||||||
ROE | 0.457 | 0.639 | 0.540 | 0.793 | ||||||||||||||||
EI | 0.605 | 0.275 | 0.327 | 0.338 |
Dimension | Anxiety | Motivation | Communication | Mutual Trust |
---|---|---|---|---|
Appraisal and expression of emotion in oneself | −0.155* | −0.074 | −0.268*** | −0.104 |
Appraisal and recognition of emotion in others | −0.023 | −0.034 | −0.154* | −0.195** |
Use of emotion to facilitate performance | −0.177* | −0.195** | −0.248*** | −0.095 |
Regulation of emotion in oneself | −0.116 | −0.202** | −0.274*** | −0.226** |
5.2 Impact of EI on Perceived Challenges
Dimension | Anxiety | Motivation | Communication | Mutual Trust |
---|---|---|---|---|
Appraisal and expression of emotion in oneself | −0.29 | −0.43 | ||
Appraisal and recognition of emotion in others | −0.17 | −0.31 | ||
Use of emotion to facilitate performance | −0.62 | −0.45 | −0.34 | |
Regulation of emotion in oneself | −0.29 | −0.32 | −0.25 |