Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Materials Science 8/2020

01-12-2019 | Composites & nanocomposites

Effect of H bonds on thermal behavior and cohesion in polylactic acid nanocomposites and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes

Authors: I. Montes-Zavala, E. O. Castrejón-González, G. Sánchez-Balderas, E. Pérez, J. A. González-Calderón

Published in: Journal of Materials Science | Issue 8/2020

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In this work, we explain the filling effect of pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) under the properties of polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites by combining molecular dynamics simulations and experimental results. We observed via computational analysis that the presence of nitrogen in the CNTs improves their integration with the polymer chains. An experimental study of these systems showed that the addition of N-CNT in the PLA matrix causes different phenomena: The PLA crystallinity decreases, crystalline domains form at the surface of the composites due to nanostructure doping, and the energy dissipates by an order of magnitude. In addition, the glass transition and melting temperatures of the PLA nanocomposites were calculated by molecular dynamics simulations, which were in good agreement with the obtained experimental results. The computational study also revealed a good integration of N-CNTs with PLA chains due to the generation of strong hydrogen bonds between the nanotubes and the polymer chains. This last result was also confirmed by the PLA radius of gyration and by the radial distribution function of C–H and N–H pairs between the nanotube and polymer, both indicating an approach of the polylactic acid chains toward doped carbon nanotubes.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference Iijima S (1991) Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature 354:56–58 Iijima S (1991) Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature 354:56–58
2.
go back to reference Gopal Sahoo N, Rana S, Whan Cho J, Li L, Hwa Chan S (2010) Polymer nanocomposites based on functionalized nanotubes. Prog Polym Sci 35:837–867 Gopal Sahoo N, Rana S, Whan Cho J, Li L, Hwa Chan S (2010) Polymer nanocomposites based on functionalized nanotubes. Prog Polym Sci 35:837–867
3.
go back to reference McNally T, Potschke P, Halley P, Murphy M, Martin D, Bell SEJ et al (2005) Polyethylene multiwalled carbon nanotube composites. Polymer 19:8222–8232 McNally T, Potschke P, Halley P, Murphy M, Martin D, Bell SEJ et al (2005) Polyethylene multiwalled carbon nanotube composites. Polymer 19:8222–8232
4.
go back to reference Jin Kang Y, Chung H, Min Seop K, Kim W (2015) Enhancement of CNT/PET film adhesion by nano-scale modification for flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors. Appl Surf Sci 355:160–165 Jin Kang Y, Chung H, Min Seop K, Kim W (2015) Enhancement of CNT/PET film adhesion by nano-scale modification for flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors. Appl Surf Sci 355:160–165
5.
go back to reference Bajad GS, Tiwari SK, Vijayakumar RP (2015) Synthesis and characterization of CNTs using polypropylene waste as precursor. Mater Sci Eng B 194:68–77 Bajad GS, Tiwari SK, Vijayakumar RP (2015) Synthesis and characterization of CNTs using polypropylene waste as precursor. Mater Sci Eng B 194:68–77
6.
go back to reference Marcourt M, Cassagnau P, Fulchiron R, Rousseaux D, Lhost O, Karam S (2018) High impact polystyrene/CNT nanocomposites: application of volume segregation strategy and behavior under extensional deformation. Polymer 157:156–165 Marcourt M, Cassagnau P, Fulchiron R, Rousseaux D, Lhost O, Karam S (2018) High impact polystyrene/CNT nanocomposites: application of volume segregation strategy and behavior under extensional deformation. Polymer 157:156–165
7.
go back to reference Zare Y, Rhim S, Garmabi H, Rhee KY (2018) A simple model for constant storage modulus of poly (lactic acid)/poly (ethylene oxide)/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites at low frequencies assuming the properties of interphase regions and networks. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 80:164–170 Zare Y, Rhim S, Garmabi H, Rhee KY (2018) A simple model for constant storage modulus of poly (lactic acid)/poly (ethylene oxide)/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites at low frequencies assuming the properties of interphase regions and networks. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 80:164–170
8.
go back to reference Kim S, Zare Y, Garmabi H, Rhee KY (2018) Variations of tunneling properties in poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)/carbon nanotubes (CNT) nanocomposites during hydrolytic degradation. Sens Actuators A 274:28–36 Kim S, Zare Y, Garmabi H, Rhee KY (2018) Variations of tunneling properties in poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)/carbon nanotubes (CNT) nanocomposites during hydrolytic degradation. Sens Actuators A 274:28–36
9.
go back to reference Zare Y, Rhee KY (2019) Tensile strength prediction of carbon nanotube reinforced composites by expansion of cross-orthogonal skeleton structure. Compos B 161:601–607 Zare Y, Rhee KY (2019) Tensile strength prediction of carbon nanotube reinforced composites by expansion of cross-orthogonal skeleton structure. Compos B 161:601–607
10.
go back to reference Zare Y, Rhee KY (2019) Modeling of viscosity and complex modulus for poly (lactic acid)/poly (ethylene oxide)/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites assuming yield stress and network breaking time. Compos B 161:100–107 Zare Y, Rhee KY (2019) Modeling of viscosity and complex modulus for poly (lactic acid)/poly (ethylene oxide)/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites assuming yield stress and network breaking time. Compos B 161:100–107
11.
go back to reference Zare Y, Rhee KY (2019) Expression of normal stress difference and relaxation modulus for ternary nanocomposites containing biodegradable polymers and carbon nanotubes by storage and loss modulus data. Compos B 158:162–168 Zare Y, Rhee KY (2019) Expression of normal stress difference and relaxation modulus for ternary nanocomposites containing biodegradable polymers and carbon nanotubes by storage and loss modulus data. Compos B 158:162–168
12.
go back to reference Zare Y, Rhee KY (2019) Evaluation of the tensile strength in carbon nanotube reinforced nanocomposites using the expanded Takayanagi model. Model Simul Compos Mater 71:3980–3988 Zare Y, Rhee KY (2019) Evaluation of the tensile strength in carbon nanotube reinforced nanocomposites using the expanded Takayanagi model. Model Simul Compos Mater 71:3980–3988
13.
go back to reference Ma X, Zare Y, Rhee KY (2017) A two-step methodology to study the influence of aggegation/agglomeration of nanoparticles on Young’s modulus of polymer nanocomposites. Nanoscale Res Lett 12:621–627 Ma X, Zare Y, Rhee KY (2017) A two-step methodology to study the influence of aggegation/agglomeration of nanoparticles on Young’s modulus of polymer nanocomposites. Nanoscale Res Lett 12:621–627
14.
go back to reference Kang S, Yin D, Li X, Mu J (2011) A facile preparation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified with hydroxyl groups and their high dispersibility in ethanol. Colloids Surf A 384:363–367 Kang S, Yin D, Li X, Mu J (2011) A facile preparation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified with hydroxyl groups and their high dispersibility in ethanol. Colloids Surf A 384:363–367
15.
go back to reference Datsyuk V, Kalyva M, Papagelis K, Parthenios J, Tasis D, Siokou A et al (2008) Chemical oxidation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Carbon 46:833–840 Datsyuk V, Kalyva M, Papagelis K, Parthenios J, Tasis D, Siokou A et al (2008) Chemical oxidation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Carbon 46:833–840
16.
go back to reference Peng B, Takai C, Razavi-khosroshahi H, Fuji M (2018) Effect of silane modification on CNTs/silica composites fabricated by a non-firing process to enhance interfacial property and dispersibility. Adv Powder Technol 29:2091–2096 Peng B, Takai C, Razavi-khosroshahi H, Fuji M (2018) Effect of silane modification on CNTs/silica composites fabricated by a non-firing process to enhance interfacial property and dispersibility. Adv Powder Technol 29:2091–2096
17.
go back to reference Zhen Zhou SW (2008) Functionalization of multi-wall carbon nanotubes with silane and its reinforcement on polypropylene composites. Compos Sci Technol 68:1727–1733 Zhen Zhou SW (2008) Functionalization of multi-wall carbon nanotubes with silane and its reinforcement on polypropylene composites. Compos Sci Technol 68:1727–1733
18.
go back to reference Lavorgna VRM (2013) Silanization and silica enrichment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes: synergistic effects on the thermal-mechanical properties of epoxy nanocomposites. Eur Polym J 49:428–438 Lavorgna VRM (2013) Silanization and silica enrichment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes: synergistic effects on the thermal-mechanical properties of epoxy nanocomposites. Eur Polym J 49:428–438
19.
go back to reference Alireza Yaghoubi MM (2018) Silanization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and the study of its effects on the properties of polyurethane rigid foam nanocomposites. Compos A 109:338–344 Alireza Yaghoubi MM (2018) Silanization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and the study of its effects on the properties of polyurethane rigid foam nanocomposites. Compos A 109:338–344
20.
go back to reference Chua TP, Mariatti M, Azizan A, Rashid AA (2010) Effects of surface-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the properties of poly(dimethyl siloxane) nanocomposites. Compos Sci Technol 70:671–677 Chua TP, Mariatti M, Azizan A, Rashid AA (2010) Effects of surface-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the properties of poly(dimethyl siloxane) nanocomposites. Compos Sci Technol 70:671–677
21.
go back to reference Aviles F, Sierra-Chi CA, Nistal A, May-Pat A, Rubio F, Rubio J (2013) Influence of silane concentration on the silanization of multiwall carbon nanotubes. Carbon 57:520–529 Aviles F, Sierra-Chi CA, Nistal A, May-Pat A, Rubio F, Rubio J (2013) Influence of silane concentration on the silanization of multiwall carbon nanotubes. Carbon 57:520–529
22.
go back to reference Sun Y, Chen L, Bao Y, Wang G, Zhang Y, Fu M et al (2018) Roles of nitrogen species on nitrogen-doped CNTs supported Cu-ZrO system for carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol. Catal Today 307:212–223 Sun Y, Chen L, Bao Y, Wang G, Zhang Y, Fu M et al (2018) Roles of nitrogen species on nitrogen-doped CNTs supported Cu-ZrO system for carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol. Catal Today 307:212–223
23.
go back to reference Yu W, Wang L, Qi Y, Chen L, Wang L, Xie H (2015) The influence of nitrogen doping on thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes. Thermochim Acta 617:163–168 Yu W, Wang L, Qi Y, Chen L, Wang L, Xie H (2015) The influence of nitrogen doping on thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes. Thermochim Acta 617:163–168
24.
go back to reference Jiahua Zhu SW (2010) Rheological behaviors and electrical conductivity of epoxy resin nanocomposites suspended with in situ stabilized carbon nanofibers. Polymer 51:2643–2651 Jiahua Zhu SW (2010) Rheological behaviors and electrical conductivity of epoxy resin nanocomposites suspended with in situ stabilized carbon nanofibers. Polymer 51:2643–2651
25.
go back to reference Ebadi-Dehaghani H, Ali-Khonakdar H, Barikani M, Hassan-Jafari S (2015) Experimental and theoretical analyses of mechanical properties of PP/PLA/clay nanocomposites. Compos B 69:133–144 Ebadi-Dehaghani H, Ali-Khonakdar H, Barikani M, Hassan-Jafari S (2015) Experimental and theoretical analyses of mechanical properties of PP/PLA/clay nanocomposites. Compos B 69:133–144
26.
go back to reference Pinto V, Ramos T, Alves A, Xavier J, Tavares P, Moreira P et al (2017) Dispersion and failure analysis of PLA, PLA/GNP and PLA/CNT-COOH biodegradable nanocomposites by SEM and DIC inspection. Eng Fail Anal 71:63–71 Pinto V, Ramos T, Alves A, Xavier J, Tavares P, Moreira P et al (2017) Dispersion and failure analysis of PLA, PLA/GNP and PLA/CNT-COOH biodegradable nanocomposites by SEM and DIC inspection. Eng Fail Anal 71:63–71
27.
go back to reference Ribba L, Goyanes S (2016) Improving PLA ductility using only 0.05% of CNT and 0.25% of an azodye. Mater Lett 182:94–97 Ribba L, Goyanes S (2016) Improving PLA ductility using only 0.05% of CNT and 0.25% of an azodye. Mater Lett 182:94–97
28.
go back to reference Zhang L, Li Y, Wang H, Qiao Y, Chen J, Cao S (2015) Strong and ductile poly(lactic acid) nanocomposite films reinforced with alkylated graphene nanosheets. Chem Eng J 264:538–546 Zhang L, Li Y, Wang H, Qiao Y, Chen J, Cao S (2015) Strong and ductile poly(lactic acid) nanocomposite films reinforced with alkylated graphene nanosheets. Chem Eng J 264:538–546
29.
go back to reference Chen BK, Shen CH, Chen SC, Chen AF (2010) Ductile PLA modified with methacryloyloxyalkyl isocyanate improves mechanical properties. Polymer 51:4667–4672 Chen BK, Shen CH, Chen SC, Chen AF (2010) Ductile PLA modified with methacryloyloxyalkyl isocyanate improves mechanical properties. Polymer 51:4667–4672
30.
go back to reference Laredo E, Grimau M, Bello A, Wu D (2013) Molecular dynamics and crystallization precursors in polylactide and poly(lactide)/CNT biocomposites in the insulating state. Eur Polym J 49:4008–4019 Laredo E, Grimau M, Bello A, Wu D (2013) Molecular dynamics and crystallization precursors in polylactide and poly(lactide)/CNT biocomposites in the insulating state. Eur Polym J 49:4008–4019
31.
go back to reference Zhang J, Liang Y, Yan J, Lou J (2007) Study of the molecular weight dependence of glass transition temperature for amorphous poly(L-lactide) by molecular dynamics simulation. Polymer 48:4900–4905 Zhang J, Liang Y, Yan J, Lou J (2007) Study of the molecular weight dependence of glass transition temperature for amorphous poly(L-lactide) by molecular dynamics simulation. Polymer 48:4900–4905
32.
go back to reference Li J, Jin S, Lan G, Chen S, Li L (2018) Molecular dynamics simulations on miscibility, glass transition temperature and mechanical properties of PMMA/DBP binary system. J Mol Graph Model 84:182–188 Li J, Jin S, Lan G, Chen S, Li L (2018) Molecular dynamics simulations on miscibility, glass transition temperature and mechanical properties of PMMA/DBP binary system. J Mol Graph Model 84:182–188
33.
go back to reference Rahmati M, Modarress H, Gooya R (2012) Molecular simulation study of polyurethane membranes. Polymer 53:1939–1950 Rahmati M, Modarress H, Gooya R (2012) Molecular simulation study of polyurethane membranes. Polymer 53:1939–1950
34.
go back to reference Wang Y, Wang W, Zhang Z, Xu L, Li P (2016) Study of the glass transition temperature and the mechanical properties of PET/modified silica nanocomposite by molecular dynamics simulation. Eur Polym J 75:36–45 Wang Y, Wang W, Zhang Z, Xu L, Li P (2016) Study of the glass transition temperature and the mechanical properties of PET/modified silica nanocomposite by molecular dynamics simulation. Eur Polym J 75:36–45
35.
go back to reference Saravana S, Bheemaneni G, Kandaswamy R (2018) Effect of polyethylene glycol on mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of talc reinforced polylactic acid composites. Mater Today Proc 5(5):1591–1598 Saravana S, Bheemaneni G, Kandaswamy R (2018) Effect of polyethylene glycol on mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of talc reinforced polylactic acid composites. Mater Today Proc 5(5):1591–1598
36.
go back to reference MedeA (2014) Materials exploration and design analysis, version 2.15.9. Material Design Inc., San Diego MedeA (2014) Materials exploration and design analysis, version 2.15.9. Material Design Inc., San Diego
37.
go back to reference Stukowski A (2010) Model Simul Mater Sci Eng 18:015012 Stukowski A (2010) Model Simul Mater Sci Eng 18:015012
38.
go back to reference Sun H (1998) COMPASS: an ab initio force-field optimized for condensed-phase applications overview with details on alkane and benzene compounds. J Phys Chem B 102:7338–7364 Sun H (1998) COMPASS: an ab initio force-field optimized for condensed-phase applications overview with details on alkane and benzene compounds. J Phys Chem B 102:7338–7364
39.
go back to reference Plimpton S (1995) Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics. J Comput Phys 117:1–19 Plimpton S (1995) Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics. J Comput Phys 117:1–19
40.
go back to reference Nosè S (1984) A unified formulation of the constant temperature molecular-dynamics methods. J Chem Phys 81:511–519 Nosè S (1984) A unified formulation of the constant temperature molecular-dynamics methods. J Chem Phys 81:511–519
41.
go back to reference Hoover WG (1985) Canonical dynamics: equilibrium phase-space distributions. Phys Rev A 31:1695–1697 Hoover WG (1985) Canonical dynamics: equilibrium phase-space distributions. Phys Rev A 31:1695–1697
42.
go back to reference Blanco-Díaz EG, Castrejón-González EO, Javier-Alvarado JF, Estrada-Baltazar A, Castillo-Borja F (2017) Rheological behavior of ionic liquids: analysis of the H-bond formation by molecular dynamics. J Mol Liq 242:265–271 Blanco-Díaz EG, Castrejón-González EO, Javier-Alvarado JF, Estrada-Baltazar A, Castillo-Borja F (2017) Rheological behavior of ionic liquids: analysis of the H-bond formation by molecular dynamics. J Mol Liq 242:265–271
43.
go back to reference Schulz SG, Kuhn H, Schmid G, Mund C, Venzmer J (2004) Phase behavior of amphiphilic polymers: a dissipative particles dynamics study. Colloid Polym Sci 283:284–290 Schulz SG, Kuhn H, Schmid G, Mund C, Venzmer J (2004) Phase behavior of amphiphilic polymers: a dissipative particles dynamics study. Colloid Polym Sci 283:284–290
44.
go back to reference Prathab B, Subramanian V, Aminabhavi TM (2007) Molecular dynamics simulations to investigate polymer-polymer and polymer-metal oxide interactions. Polymer 48:409–416 Prathab B, Subramanian V, Aminabhavi TM (2007) Molecular dynamics simulations to investigate polymer-polymer and polymer-metal oxide interactions. Polymer 48:409–416
45.
go back to reference Jacobson SH, Gordon DJ, Nelson GV, Balazs A (1992) Miscible polymer blends: local interaction energy theories and simulations. Adv Mater 4:198–205 Jacobson SH, Gordon DJ, Nelson GV, Balazs A (1992) Miscible polymer blends: local interaction energy theories and simulations. Adv Mater 4:198–205
46.
go back to reference Yu B, Fu S, Wu Z, Bai H, Ning N, Fu Q (2015) Molecular dynamics simulations of orientation induced interfacial enhancement between single walled carbon nanotube and aromatic polymers chains. Compos A 73:155–165 Yu B, Fu S, Wu Z, Bai H, Ning N, Fu Q (2015) Molecular dynamics simulations of orientation induced interfacial enhancement between single walled carbon nanotube and aromatic polymers chains. Compos A 73:155–165
47.
go back to reference Wu R, Kong B, Yang X (2009) Conformational transition characterization of glass transition behavior of polymers. Polymer 50:3396–3402 Wu R, Kong B, Yang X (2009) Conformational transition characterization of glass transition behavior of polymers. Polymer 50:3396–3402
48.
go back to reference Mahmoudinezhad E, Marquardt A, Eggeler G, Varnik F (2017) Molecular dynamics simulations of entagled polymers: the effect of small molecules on the glass transition temperature. Procedia Comput Sci 108:265–271 Mahmoudinezhad E, Marquardt A, Eggeler G, Varnik F (2017) Molecular dynamics simulations of entagled polymers: the effect of small molecules on the glass transition temperature. Procedia Comput Sci 108:265–271
49.
go back to reference Mohammadi M, Fazli H, Karevan M, Davoodi J (2017) The glass transition temperature of PMMA: a molecular dynamics study and comparison of various determination methods. Eur Polym J 91:121–133 Mohammadi M, Fazli H, Karevan M, Davoodi J (2017) The glass transition temperature of PMMA: a molecular dynamics study and comparison of various determination methods. Eur Polym J 91:121–133
50.
go back to reference Lu Y, Shu Y, Liu N, Shu Y, Wang K, Wu Z, Wang X, Ding X (2017) Theoretical simulations on the glass transition temperatures and mechanical properties of modified glycidyl azide polymer. Comput Mater Sci 139:132–139 Lu Y, Shu Y, Liu N, Shu Y, Wang K, Wu Z, Wang X, Ding X (2017) Theoretical simulations on the glass transition temperatures and mechanical properties of modified glycidyl azide polymer. Comput Mater Sci 139:132–139
51.
go back to reference Grassia L, Pastore-Carbone MG, Mensitieri G, D’Amore A (2011) Modeling of density evolution of PLA under ultra-high pressure/temperature histories. Polymer 52:4011–4020 Grassia L, Pastore-Carbone MG, Mensitieri G, D’Amore A (2011) Modeling of density evolution of PLA under ultra-high pressure/temperature histories. Polymer 52:4011–4020
52.
go back to reference Zhang J, Lou J, Ilias S, Krishnamachari P, Yan J (2008) Thermal properties of poly(lactic acid) fumed silica nanocomposites: experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Polymer 49:2381–2386 Zhang J, Lou J, Ilias S, Krishnamachari P, Yan J (2008) Thermal properties of poly(lactic acid) fumed silica nanocomposites: experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Polymer 49:2381–2386
53.
go back to reference Ho M, Lau K, Wang H, Hui D (2015) Improvement on the properties of polylactic acid (PLA) using bamboo charcoal particles. Compos B 81:14–25 Ho M, Lau K, Wang H, Hui D (2015) Improvement on the properties of polylactic acid (PLA) using bamboo charcoal particles. Compos B 81:14–25
54.
go back to reference Dhar P, Tarafder D, Kumar A, Katiyar V (2016) Thermally recyclable polylactic acid/cellulose nanocrystal films through reactive extrusion process. Polymer 87:268–282 Dhar P, Tarafder D, Kumar A, Katiyar V (2016) Thermally recyclable polylactic acid/cellulose nanocrystal films through reactive extrusion process. Polymer 87:268–282
55.
go back to reference Espinach F, Boufi S, Delgado-Aguilar M, Julián F, Mutje P, Méndez J (2018) Composites from poly(lactic acid) and bleached chemical fibres: thermal properties. Compos B 134:169–176 Espinach F, Boufi S, Delgado-Aguilar M, Julián F, Mutje P, Méndez J (2018) Composites from poly(lactic acid) and bleached chemical fibres: thermal properties. Compos B 134:169–176
56.
go back to reference El-Hadi AM (2017) Increase the elongation at break of poly(lactic acid) composites for use in food packaging films. Sci Rep 7:1–14 El-Hadi AM (2017) Increase the elongation at break of poly(lactic acid) composites for use in food packaging films. Sci Rep 7:1–14
57.
go back to reference Mart NF, García R (2006) Measuring phase shifts and energy dissipation with amplitude modulation atomic force microscopy. Nanotechnology 17:167–172 Mart NF, García R (2006) Measuring phase shifts and energy dissipation with amplitude modulation atomic force microscopy. Nanotechnology 17:167–172
58.
go back to reference Biresaw G, Carriere CJ (2001) Correlation between mechanical adhesion and interfacial properties of starch/biodegradable polyester blends. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 39:920–930 Biresaw G, Carriere CJ (2001) Correlation between mechanical adhesion and interfacial properties of starch/biodegradable polyester blends. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 39:920–930
59.
go back to reference van Oss CJ (2006) Interfacial forces in aqueous media. CRC Press, Boca Raton van Oss CJ (2006) Interfacial forces in aqueous media. CRC Press, Boca Raton
60.
go back to reference Davachi SM, Kaffashi B (2015) Preparation and characterization of poly L-lactide/triclosan nanoparticles for specific antibacterial and medical applications. Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater 64:1–44 Davachi SM, Kaffashi B (2015) Preparation and characterization of poly L-lactide/triclosan nanoparticles for specific antibacterial and medical applications. Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater 64:1–44
61.
go back to reference Scott WW, Bhushan B (2003) Use of phase imaging in atomic force microscopy for measurement of viscoelastic contrast in polymer nanocomposites and molecularly thick lubricant films. Ultramicroscopy 97:151–169 Scott WW, Bhushan B (2003) Use of phase imaging in atomic force microscopy for measurement of viscoelastic contrast in polymer nanocomposites and molecularly thick lubricant films. Ultramicroscopy 97:151–169
Metadata
Title
Effect of H bonds on thermal behavior and cohesion in polylactic acid nanocomposites and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes
Authors
I. Montes-Zavala
E. O. Castrejón-González
G. Sánchez-Balderas
E. Pérez
J. A. González-Calderón
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Materials Science / Issue 8/2020
Print ISSN: 0022-2461
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-04245-6

Other articles of this Issue 8/2020

Journal of Materials Science 8/2020 Go to the issue

Premium Partners