20. Effect of Zingiber officinale on Blood Glucose Level, Pancreas, Liver and Kidney Histology Evaluated in Diabetic Induced Dawley Rats: A Systematic Review

Diabetes mellitusis a chronic metabolic disease categorized in high blood glucose levels which could lead to severe impairment to multiple organs. Natural products have been a rich supply for the growth of novel therapeutics used to treat a diversity of human diseases. Recent study reported that Zingiber officinale (ginger) might be a useful curative tool against diabetic nephropathy. In 2015, it was recorded that the diabetic rate was 13.4% in Malaysia. However, the number has grown to 18.3% in 2019 despite all alternatives provided. The objective of this study is to carry out a systematic review on the effectiveness of Zingiber officinale on blood glucose level and pancreas, liver and kidney histology in diabetic induced Sprague Dawley rats. Data collection was carried out using electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct through various keywords. After the databases search was completed, all the articles were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data analysis in research articles showed that the blood glucose level for the treated group with ginger extract was lower than in the diabetic group. The glomerulus in the treated group showed improvement of structure compared to the untreated group. Pancreas treated with ginger showed normal acinar cells and normal islets of Langerhans. Lastly liver histological architecture has been preserved to normal hepatocytes. This study indicates that administration of Zingiber officinale (ginger) could act as anti-diabetic effect in diabetic rats.