Top

Published in:

2011 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

3. Elemental and Redox Balances

Authors : John Villadsen, Jens Nielsen, Gunnar Lidén

Published in: Bioreaction Engineering Principles

Publisher: Springer US

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

In Chap. 2 we painted a picture of the potential of Biotechnology as the provider of a great many of the chemicals used in our daily life. Now, in small steps the quantitative tools for analysis of the cellular reactions will be introduced. First, the rates of cellular reactions will be determined by application of mass balances to data obtained in steady-state continuous bioreactors.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

previous chapter Chemicals from Metabolic Pathways

next chapter Thermodynamics of Bioreactions

Available only for authorised users

In the literature one often finds another notation for the yield coefficient, namely Y _i/j for Y _ji.

According to Table 3.1, 100 g biomass contains 57 g protein, or 57/22.45 = 2.539 C-mole.

The same calculation is done for the other 6 constituents of the biomass, and one finds that 100 g biomass corresponds to 4.241 C-mole.

4.241 C-mole biomass contains 0.31 × 2.539 + 0.75 × 0.471 + ⋯ = 1.678 mol O, or 1.678/4.241 = 0.396 oxygen atom per C-mol biomass.

The same calculation is done for the other elements of X, and the biomass composition (3.19) results.

When δ is normally distributed, the function to be minimized is the same for the least-square minimization problem and for the maximum-likelihood minimization problem. If the error vector is not normally distributed the estimate in (3.50) remains valid for the least-squares minimization problem, whereas it will no longer be the maximum-likelihood estimate (Wang and Stephanopoulos 1983).

Aalst van, M.A., Leeuwen van, M.A., Pot, M.C, Loosdrecht van, M., and Heijnen, J.J, (1997). Kinetic modelling of PHB production and consumption by Paracoccus pantotrophus under dynamic substrate supply. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 55, 773–782.CrossRef

Andersen, M.Y., Pedersen, N., Brabrand, H., Hallager, L., and Jørgensen, S.B. (1997). Regulation of a continuous yeast bioreactor near the critical dilution rate using a productostat. J. Biotechnol., 54, 1–14.CrossRef

Bijkerk, A.H.E. and Hall, R.J. (1977). A mechanistic model of the aerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 19, 267–296.CrossRef

Christensen, L.H., Schulze, U., Nielsen, J., and Villadsen, J. (1995). Acoustic gas analysis for fast and precise monitoring of bioreactors. Chem. Eng. Sci., 50, 2601–2610.CrossRef

Duboc, P. (1997). Transient growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a quantitative approach, PhD thesis EFPL (Lausanne).

Duboc, P., and von Stockar, U. (1998). Systematic errors in data evaluation due to ethanol stripping and water vaporization. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 58, 428–439.CrossRef

Erickson, L.E., Minkevich, I.G., and Eroshin, V.K. (1978). Application of mass and energy balance regularities in fermentation. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 20, 1595–1621.CrossRef

Goldberg, I. and Rokem, J.S. (1991). Biology of Methylotrophs, Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston.

Heijden, R.T.J.M. van der, Heijnen, J.J., Hellinga, C., Romein, B., and Luyben, K., Ch. A.M. (1994a). Linear constraint relations in biochemical reaction systems: I, Classification of the calculability and the balanceability of conversion rates. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 43, 3–10.CrossRef

Heijden, R.T.J.M. van der, Romein, B., Heijnen, J.J., Hellinga, C., and Luyben, K. Ch. A.M. (1994b). Linear constraint relations in biochemical reaction systems: II, Diagnosis and estimation of gross errors, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 43, 11–20.

Lange, H.C., and Heijnen, J.J. (2001). Statistical reconciliation of the elemental and molecular biomass composition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 75, 334–344.CrossRef

Lee, S.Y., and Choi, J.I. (2001). Production of microbial polyesters by fermentation of recombinant microorganisms. Advances in Biochem. Eng., 71, 183–207.

Lei, F., Rotbøll, M., and Bay-Jørgensen, S. (2001). A biochemically structured model for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biotechnol., 88, 205–221.CrossRef

Madron, F., Veverka, V., and Vanecek, V. (1977). Statistical analysis of material balance of a chemical reactor. A.I.Ch.E. Journal, 23, 482–486.

Maier, R.M., Pepper, I.L., and Gerba, C.P., (2000). Environmental Microbiology, Academic Press (London, UK).

Meyenburg, K. von (1969). Katabolit-Repression und der Sprossungszyklus von Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Dissertation, ETH, Zürich.

Nielsen, J., Johansen, C.L., and Villadsen, J. (1994). Culture fluorescense measurements during batch and fed-batch cultivations with Penicillium crysogenum. J. Biotechnol., 38, 51–62.CrossRef

Nissen, T.L., Anderlund, M., Nielsen, J., Villadsen, J., and Kjelland-Brandt, M.C. (2001). Expression of a cytoplasmic transhydrogenase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae results in formation of 2-oxoglutarate due to depletion of the NADPD-pool. Yeast, 18, 19–32.CrossRef

Nordqvist, M., Nielsen, P.M., and Villadsen, J. (2007). Oxidation of lactose to Lactobionic acid by a Microdochium nivale carbohydrate oxidase: Kinetics and operational stability. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 97, 694–707.CrossRef

Pedersen, H., Christensen, B., Hjort, C., and Nielsen, J. (2000). Construction and characterization of an oxalic acid nonproducing strain of Aspergillus niger. Metabol. Eng., 2, 34–41.CrossRef

Pham, H., Larsson, G., and Enfors S.-O. (1999). Modeling of aerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a pH-auxostat. Bioproc. Eng., 20, 537–544.

Postma, E., Verduyn, C., Scheffers, A., and van Dijken, J. (1989). Enzymatic analysis of the Crabtree-effect in glucose limited chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl. Environ. Microbiology, 55, 468–477.

Rarey, J.R., and Gmehling, J. (1993). Computer – operated differential static apparatus for the measurement of vapor-liquid equilibrium data. Fluid Phase Equilib., 83, 279–287.CrossRef

Roels, J.A. (1983). Energetics and Kinetics in Biotechnology. Elsevier Biomedical Press, Amsterdam.

Schulze, U. (1995). Anaerobic physiology of S. cerevisiae. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Biotechnology, DTU.

Schulze, U., Lidén, G., Nielsen, J., and Villadsen, J. (1996). Physiological effect of N-starvation in an anaerobic batch culture of S. cerevisiae. Microbiology, 142, 2299–2310.CrossRef

Wang, N.S. and Stephanopoulos, G. (1983). Application of macroscopic balances to the identification of gross measurement errors. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 25, 2177–2208.CrossRef

Title: Elemental and Redox Balances
Authors: John Villadsen
Jens Nielsen
Gunnar Lidén
Publisher: Springer US
Book: Bioreaction Engineering Principles
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-9687-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4419-9688-6

Copyright Year: 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9688-6_3

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Premium Partners