Energy Efficient and Fault Tolerant GPSR in Ad Hoc Wireless Network

Routing in wireless network is a key research area which establishes path between source and destination node pairs. In this paper, we have designed and evaluated an energy-efficient and fault tolerant Greedy perimeter Stateless routing (EFGPSR) protocol for wireless Ad hoc network. The proposed protocol is divided into four phases: Fault testing phase, Planarization phase, Energy efficient greedy forwarding phase and Energy efficient perimeter forwarding phase. In fault testing phase, all nodes come to know about their fault free neighbours. Next is planarization phase which is subset of perimeter forwarding phase and can be done reactively or proactively. Next are energy efficient greedy forwarding and perimeter forwarding phases. Both these phases try to maintain balance between the metrics to choose the next hop (i.e. distance from destination in greedy forwarding phase and minimum angle w.r.t the line connecting the forwarding node and destination in perimeter forwarding phase) and selection of node having highest energy among the neighbouring node to extend network lifetime. Evaluation and comparison of GPSR and EFGPSR is done through NS-2 simulator. Simulation shows that EFGPSR performs better in terms of increasing the network lifetime, successful packet delivery ratio with insignificant increase in number of hop count.