Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Network Design and Simulation for Water Environment Monitoring

In recent years, flooding in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam has become more and more serious, it affects much the lives and economics of the citizens. There are some reasons which caused this situation; among them the unfavorable natural conditions like rainfall, tide, are the crucial one. It is the reason why to build an intelligent network which is suitable for data collection precisely, rapidly and timely for water environment monitoring is essential. While traditional networks spend much money and effort to ensure continuous information in specific regions, Wireless Sensor Network is best known its advantages such as low cost, reliable and accurate over long term and required no real maintenance. Our contribution is that to build a network topology with suitable hardware and Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol in order to reduce energy consumption of whole network and prolong network life time. Fact has shown that LEACH protocol achieves a factor of 8–15 % energy improvement compared to direct transmissions.