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Published in:
Cover of the book

2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Eogenetic Karst in Florida

Authors : Sam Upchurch, Thomas M. Scott, Michael C. Alfieri, Beth Fratesi, Thomas L. Dobecki

Published in: The Karst Systems of Florida

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Florida’s karst constitutes some of Earth’s largest expanses of geologically young carbonate sedimentary deposits (shelly sediments, limestone and dolostone) with bare and covered karst. Because of the large population of Florida and the dependence of that population on carbonate aquifers, the karst of Florida is has been extensively investigated. This book synthesizes our knowledge about Florida karst, beginning with why Florida karst differs from older, telogenetic karst elsewhere in North America and the world.
Florida’s highly productive aquifers are part of an exemplary karst landscape, an extensive, mantled, geologically young carbonate terrain with dozens of first magnitude springs. Florida’s karst has provided water resources to an exploding population and fueled tourism, while creating or exacerbating problems such as sinkhole formation and saltwater intrusion.
The Florida Platform is low and flat and its geology has been dominated by sea-level fluctuations that have left behind a variety of carbonate strata and karst landforms ranging in age from Eocene to Recent. The eogenetic carbonates that comprise these aquifers were never deeply buried and, therefore, they have extensive primary porosity and well developed permeability, distinguishing them from older, telogenetic karst with little remaining primary porosity and very low matrix permeability. Florida’s karst is polygenetic, resulting in a complex array of karst features. The overlying siliciclastic sediments create an environment ripe for damaging sinkholes and other hazards.

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next chapter Geological Materials: An Overview
Footnotes
1
First magnitude springs are springs that discharge at least 2.8 m3/s on average.
 
2
Glaciers during this timeframe extended as far south as southern Ohio in North America. The rise and fall of sea level due to the repeated melting and formation of the glaciers had a direct effect on depositional and erosional processes in Florida.
 
3
It is not the intent of this text to discuss sinkhole insurance and the sociopolitical issues that have resulted from the insurance coverage. These topics will be addressed in a later publication.
 
4
The Ordovician Period extended from 485.4 to 443.8 million years ago (Mya).
 
Literature
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Cvijič J (1893) Das Karstphänomen. Geographische Abhandlungen, 5(3):215–319
Florea LJ (2012) Eogenetic karst aquifers after a decade of investigation. Geol. Soc. Amer. Abstracts with Programs, 44(7):205
Lucia FJ (1995) Rock fabric/petrophysical classification of carbonate pore space for reservoir characterization. Bulletin, Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists, 79(9):1275–1300.
Marella RL (2009) Water withdrawals, use, and trends in Florida, 2005. USGS Sci. Inv. Report 2009-5125
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Sweeting MM (1981) Karst geomorphology. Hutchinson Ross Pub. Co., Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, Benchmark Papers in Geology, Vol. 59
Vacher HL and Florea LJ (2015) Quantitative hermeneutics: Counting forestructures on a path from W.M. Davis to the concept of multiple permeability karst aquifers. International Journal of Speleology, 44(3):207–230.CrossRef
Vacher HL and Mylroie JE (2002) Eogenetic karst from the perspective of an equivalent porous medium. Carbonates and Evaporites, 17:182–196.CrossRef
Veni G, DuChene H, Crawford NC, Groves, CG, Huppert GH, Kastning EH, Olson R, and Wheeler BJ (2001) Living with karst: A fragile foundation. Environmental Awareness Series, American Geological Institute
Weary DJ and Doctor DH (2014) Karst in the United States: A digital map compilation and database. USGS Open-File Report 2014-1156
Metadata
Title
Eogenetic Karst in Florida
Authors
Sam Upchurch
Thomas M. Scott
Michael C. Alfieri
Beth Fratesi
Thomas L. Dobecki
Copyright Year
2019
Book
The Karst Systems of Florida

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-69634-8

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-69635-5

Copyright Year: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69635-5_1